眼部移植物抗宿主病发生在超过一半的慢性移植物抗宿主病患者中，涉及眼表持续的炎症以及纤维化改变，最常见的表现为干燥性角膜结膜炎。严重的眼部移植物抗宿主病不但影响患者的工作和生活质量，同时也增加了其他眼部并发症的风险。慢性眼部移植物抗宿主病的治疗主要包括局部应用人工泪液、血清类制剂、抗炎药物等药物治疗，佩戴隐形眼镜、睑板腺按摩等物理治疗、封闭泪点、重建眼表等手术治疗。随着对眼部移植物抗宿主病发病机制的深入研究，许多新的治疗药物和治疗手段涌现临床。总结目前慢性眼部移植物抗宿主病在药物治疗、物理治疗、手术治疗方面的最新研究进展，将有助于为慢性眼部移植物抗宿主病的治疗带来更多选择和更新的研究思路。

More than half of the patients developed chronic graft-versus-host disease after accepting allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation suffer from ocular graft-versus-host disease. Ocular graft-versus-host disease involves persistent inflammation and fibrosis of the ocular surface and keratoconjunctivitis sicca is the most common symptom. Severe ocular graft-versus-host disease not only affects patients’ life quality, but also increases the risk of other ocular complications. The treatment of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease mainly includes drug treatment, such as local application of artificial tears, serum eye drops and anti-inflammatory drugs; physical treatment, such as wearing contact lenses and meibomian gland massage; surgical treatment, such as punctal occlusion and reconstructing ocular surface. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of ocular graft-versus-host disease, many new therapeutic drugs and methods have emerged. Summarizing the latest research progress in drug, physical and surgical therapy of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease will give us insights into treatment options and hot spot of research.

过敏性结膜炎经典的发病机制包括了IgE介导的I型超敏反应以及T淋巴细胞介导的IV型超敏反应，其中肥大细胞、肥大细胞脱颗粒释放的组胺、嗜酸性粒细胞等在过敏性结膜炎病理发展中发挥了重要作用。然而，临床发现针对上述机制的治疗药物临床疗效欠佳，有相当数量的过敏性结膜炎患者无法获得较好的生存质量，因此研究和阐明过敏性结膜炎的新机制，寻找新的治疗手段和药物靶点具有重要的临床意义。目前研究发现Th17细胞等多种炎性细胞和IL-17等细胞因子、过敏原介导神经调节机制、菌群失调机制、脂质介质作用方面可能与过敏性结膜炎发病相关，这对过敏性结膜炎新机制的研究有着重大的临床意义。本文将对过敏性结膜炎发病机制的新进展进行综述，以期为过敏性结膜炎的治疗提供新思路。

The classic pathogeneses of allergic conjunctivitis include type I hypersensitivity and type IV hypersensitivity, in which mast cells, eosinophils and some active substances such as histamine play important role. However, sincethe therapeutic drugs have not achieved satisfactory efficacy in clinical practices, a significant number of patients fail to achieve a good quality of life. The pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis remains to be further studied.Current studies have identified a variety of inflammatory cells such as Th17 cell and cytokines such as IL-17, the mechanisms of neuromodulation, flora dysregulation mechanisms, and lipid mediators that may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis, which has significant clinical implications for the study of mechanisms of allergic conjunctivitis. In this article, we will review the recent research progress of the pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.