目的：探讨珠海地区早产儿视网膜病变（retinopathy of prematurity，ROP）的患病情况及临床特点。方法：回顾分析珠海市妇幼保健院2009年5月至2018年12月 5 473 例（10 946 只眼）早产儿的眼病筛查资料。结果：共筛查出 185 例（370 眼）患有不同程度的 ROP，患病率为 3.38%。33 例（66 眼）需要治疗，占 17.84%。低出生体重组出生孕周为 26～31，32～33，34～36的 ROP 患儿分别为 133，13，9 例，ROP 发病率分别为 14.9%，1.4%，1.3%，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。高出生体重组出生孕周为 26～31，32～33，34～36 的 ROP 患儿分别为 1，5，24例，ROP 发病率分别为 7.1%，1.1%，1.0%，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。33 例严重 ROP 患儿（需要干预治疗的 ROP）中，低出生体重组出生孕周为 26～31，32～33，34～36 的严重ROP患儿分别为 29，3，1 例，发病率分别为 3.2%，3%，0.1%，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。高出生体重组无严重 ROP 患儿。结论：珠海地区近十年的早产儿 ROP 患病率为 3.38%，出生体重和胎龄是 ROP 发病的危险因素。严重ROP患儿的出生体重均 <2 000 g。

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Zhuhai. 

Methods: The eye screening data for 5,473 (10,946 eyes) premature infants born from May 2009 to December 2018 in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhuhai were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: In the 5 473 premature babies examination, 185 cases (3.38%) were detected with different degrees of ROP. The number of cases requiring treatment was 33 (17.84%). In the low birth weight group, the ROP patients with 26–31, 32–33, and 34–36 weeks were 133 (14.9%), 13 (1.4%), and 9 (1.3%), respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the high birth weight group, the ROP patients with birth weeks of 26–31, 32–33, and 34–36 were 1 (7.1%), 5 (1.1%), and 24 (1.0%), respectively; the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Among the 33 children with severe ROP (requiring intervention treatment), there were 29 (3.2%), 3 (3%), and 1 (0.1%) with birth weeks of 26–31, 32–33, and 34–36, respectively, in the low birth weight group; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The severe ROP was 0 in the high birth weight group.

Conclusion: The prevalence of ROP in premature infants is 3.38% in the past decade in Zhuhai. Birth weight and gestational age are risk factors for ROP. The birth weight of infants with severe ROP is less than 2 000 g.