红光是波长范围在620~760 nm的可见光，兼有良好的光化学和热作用，其穿透力较强，能够达到皮肤深层及组织内部，从而产生一系列的生物效应。在眼科领域，红光疗法最初主要应用于弱视和眼睑皮肤相关疾病的治疗，随着研究的进一步深入，红光逐渐被应用于控制近视进展和视网膜相关疾病。目前，重复低强度红光(repeat low-level red-light, RLRL)在近视进展的控制效果得到充分肯定，成为红光疗法在眼科应用最受关注的热点之一，其主要可能机制包括红光照射能激活线粒体中的细胞色素C氧化酶的活性，促进三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate, ATP) 生成，改善网膜缺氧状况；促进一氧化氮 (nitric oxide, NO)的合成和释放，引起脉络膜血管的扩张及血流量的增加；诱导巩膜细胞外基质的重塑，增加巩膜的强度。此外，红光疗法可抑制视网膜感光细胞调节通路中的氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡，减轻眼表炎症反应和疼痛，有助于周围神经损伤后修复等。文章针对红光疗法在近视、视网膜相关疾病、弱视及眼睑皮肤相关疾病的治疗机制、有效性及安全性进行综述，为红光疗法在眼科领域的应用提供重要的参考价值和依据。

Red light is visible light with a wavelength range of 620-760 nm, which has excellent photochemical and thermal effects. It can penetrate deeply into the skin and tissues with strong power, resulting in a series of biological effects. In the field of ophthalmology, red-light therapy was initially mainly used in the treatment of amblyopia and eyelid skin-related diseases, and with the further development of research, red light has been gradually used in the myopia control and the study of retina-related diseases. At present, the effect of repeated low-intensity red light (RLRL) on myopia progression has been fully recognized, and it has become one of the most concerned hotspots in the application of red-light therapy in ophthalmology. The main possible mechanisms include that red light therapy can activate the activity of cytochrome C oxidase in mitochondria, promote ATP production, and improve retinal hypoxia. It can also induce the synthesis and release of NO, cause the expansion of choroidal vessels with improvement of blood flow, and increase scleral strength by remodeling of scleral extracellular matrix. In addition, red- light therapy can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the regulatory pathways of photoreceptor cells, reduce eye inflammation and pain, and help repair peripheral nerves after injury. This article will review the mechanism, effectiveness and safety of red-light therapy in myopia, retinal diseases, amblyopia, and eyelid skin-related diseases, in order to provide important reference value and basis for the application of red-light therapy in ophthalmology.

    霍纳综合征是一种由眼交感神经传出通路中任意部分中断所造成的临床综合征，常以上睑下垂、瞳孔缩小等眼部特征为主要临床表现，往往提示头、颈或胸部严重疾病或术后并发症的发生。现报告1例49岁的男性患者，曾在武汉市中心医院耳鼻喉科行右侧咽旁间隙肿物切除术，术后第1天出现右眼上睑下垂，瞳孔缩小，伴同侧面部无汗。术后随访半年，上述症状未见明显改善。右侧咽旁间隙肿物的病理结果证实为交感干神经鞘瘤，该病例临床较为罕见。

Horner syndrome is caused by damage of the oculosympathetic pathway. It is a common disorder characterized by ocular signs such as ptosis and miosis, and these signs usually indicate the occurrence of severe head, neck and chest diseases or surgical complications. We report a case of 49-year-old male patient who underwent parapharyngeal space tumor resection in the Department of otolaryngology. On postoperative day one, the patient presented right eyelid drooping, the right pupil constricted, and the absence of sweating on the right side of the face.  After six months of follow-up, the above signs still presented and showed no significant change. T??he pathological assessment of the resected parapharyngeal space tumor demonstrated that it is the sympathetic trunk schwannoma, which is relatively rare in clinical practice.