目的：探讨蛋白A免疫吸附联合糖皮质激素治疗对MOG抗体相关视神经炎（MOG antibody-associated optic neuritis， MOG-ON）患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析2022年6月—2024年12月在广东三九脑科医院神经内科确诊并接受蛋白A免疫吸附联合糖皮质激素治疗的7例MOG-ON患者。所有患者均接受蛋白A免疫吸附治疗（隔天1次，共5次为1个疗程）并同期联合糖皮质激素治疗。评估治疗前及治疗后3个月、6个月的视力变化、扩展伤残状态量表（expanded disability status scale，EDSS）评分变化及MOG抗体滴度变化，并记录不良反应。结果：治疗后6个月，6/7患者视力较治疗前改善，其中4/7视力改善显著。左眼LogMAR视力值从治疗前的0.20(0.14，0.70)改善至0.10(0.10，0.42)，右眼LogMAR视力值从0.30(0.19，0.47)改善至0.18(0.10，0.21)，EDSS视力评分从2.86±1.68降至1.43±1.51（P < 0.05）。治疗前血清MOG抗体滴度几何平均数为1:52.0（几何标准差GSD = 3.7），治疗后3个月降至1:8.8（GSD = 1.9）（P = 0.027），治疗后6个月降至1:13.0（GSD = 4.1）（P = 0.027）。7例患者共接受35次免疫吸附治疗，未观察到严重不良反应，仅有轻微可控的不良事件。结论：蛋白A免疫吸附联合糖皮质激素治疗能够有效降低血液中MOG抗体水平，改善MOG-ON患者的视力。

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of protein A immunoadsorption combined with glucocorticoid therapy in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis（MOG-ON）. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 7 patients with MOG-ON who were diagnosed and treated with protein A immunoadsorption combined with glucocorticoid therapy at the Department of Neurology，Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital from June 2022 to December 2024. All patients underwent protein A immunoadsorption therapy （once every other day, with 5 sessions constituting one course） in conjunction with concurrent steroid therapy. Visual acuity changes, EDSS score changes, and MOG antibody titer changes were assessed before treatment, as well as at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Additionally, adverse events were meticulously recorded. Results: At the 6 months post-treatment mark, 6 patients （85.7%） demonstrated an improvement in visual acuity compared to their baseline levels, with 4 patients （57.1%） achieving a significant improvement. The median LogMAR visual acuity values in the left eye  improved from 0.20(0.14,0.70) to 0.10(0.10,0.42), and in the right eye, they improved from 0.30(0.19,0.47) to 0.18(0.10,0.21). MeanWhile, the EDSS visual score decreased from 2.86±1.68 to 1.43±1.51（P < 0.05）. The geometric mean serum MOG antibody titer declined from 1:52.0（GSD = 3.7） before treatment to 1:8.8（GSD = 1.9） at 3 months after treatment（P = 0.027）, and further decreased to 1:13.0（GSD = 4.1） at 6 months after treatment（P = 0.027）. A total of 35 immunoadsorption sessions were administered to the 7 patients, and no serious adverse reactions were observed; only minor and manageable adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Protein A immunoadsorption combined with glucocorticoid therapy can effectively lower serum MOG antibody levels and enhance visual outcomes in patients with MOG-ON.

目的：观察和分析儿童眼科门诊就诊的屈光不正 3～7 岁患儿，有早产史和足月产史的患儿的屈光不正的特点和差异。

方法：屈光不正 179 例（358 眼），分为 2 组：早产史者 51 人，足月产者 128 人。1％阿托品眼膏散瞳进行视网膜带状光剪影验光。

结果：足月儿的屈光不正患儿中，以远视多见，占 157／256 眼（61.3％），对比有早产儿屈光不正的远视发病 25／102（24.5％），差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。有早产儿屈光不正中，以散光发病为主，占 81／102 眼（79.4％），尤以高度散光、混合散光多见，相对与足月儿，其散光发病，高度散光发病和混合散光发病眼数的差异均有显著性（P < 0.05）。

结论：散光，尤其是高度散光、复杂的混合散光是有早产儿童视力低下的重要原因。临床上散光与弱视的形成关系密切相关，因此不能忽略早产儿童视力发育，最早可提前到 2 岁即可进行屈光筛查。

Purpose: To observe the abnormal refractive state and clinical characteristics in preterm and full-term children of the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology.

Methods: The ocular refraction status of 358 eyes in 51 preterm and 128 full-term children were checked by retinoscopy in dilated pupil after being used atropine eye drops.

Results: There were 157 eyes with hyperopia accounting for 61.3% in preterm children, and 25 eyes with hyperopia accounting for 24.5% in full-term children. The main type of refractive errors in preterm children is astigmatism, especially in high astigmatism and mixed astigmatism. The morbidity of astigmatism, hyper astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism in preterm children is higher than that in full-term children.

Conclusion: Astigmatism, especially high astigmatism and complex mixed astigmatism, are important reasons for low vision in preterm children. Clinically, there is a close relationship between astigmatism and amblyopia. Therefore, the visual development of preterm children should not be ignored, and refractive screening could be brought forward to two years old.