Objective: To explore the application and effect of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle management mode in optimizing the diagnosis and treatment process of cataract patients with daytime surgery. Methods: A total of 400 cases of patients with daytime surgery admitted to Department of Cataract, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University from September 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the experimental subjects. 200 patients from September 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the pre-optimization group, and 200 patients from May 2019 to December 2019 after the implementation of the PDCA cycle management mode were selected as the post-optimization group. Time of preoperative examination, length of hospital stay, the follow-up path in the first day after surgery and patient satisfaction were statistically compared between the two groups before and after implementation. Results: Seven months after the implementation of PDCA cycle management mode, the preoperative examination time decreased from (2.94±2.12) h to (2.09±0.93) h, and the length of hospital stay decreased from (22.73±1.14) h to (5.22±1.29) h, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001); the patients’ satisfaction increased from 92% to 96% (P<0.05); the follow-up path in the first day after operation was changed from the 13th floor (172 m) to the 3rd floor (129 m). Conclusion: The implementation of PDCA cycle management mode can effectively improve the diagnosis and treatment process of cataract patients with daytime surgery, shorten the diagnosis and treatment time and improve the satisfaction of patients, so it is worthy of clinical promotion.