Background: The purpose is to investigate the relationship between full-thickness macular hole (MH) and retinal break (RB) and/or lattice degeneration.

Methods: Patients diagnosed as full-thickness MH and referred to Dr. Lin Lu from January 2009 to December 2013 were evaluated. All patients underwent general ophthalmologic examinations, fundus examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The RB and/or lattice degeneration were recorded.

Results: Totally 183 eyes of 167 patients were included. The sex ratio of men to women was 1:2.88. A total of 17 eyes were pseudophakic and 166 eyes were phakic. RB and/or lattice degeneration were found in 62 eyes (33.88%). The prevalence of RB and/or lattice degeneration was similar between men and women (P=0.344>0.05). There was no statistical diff erence between the pseudophakic eyes and phakic eyes (P=0.138>0.05). All of the RB and/or lattice degeneration were located near or anterior to the equator. The inferior quadrants and the vertical meridian were aff ected more often than the superior quadrants and the horizontal meridian.

Conclusions: We identified a high incidence of RB/lattice degeneration in cases of full-thickness MH. Carefully examination of the peripheral retina and prophylactic treatment of RB and/or lattice degeneration are critical.

Background: The purpose is to investigate the relationship between full-thickness macular hole (MH) and retinal break (RB) and/or lattice degeneration.

Methods: Patients diagnosed as full-thickness MH and referred to Dr. Lin Lu from January 2009 to December 2013 were evaluated. All patients underwent general ophthalmologic examinations, fundus examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The RB and/or lattice degeneration were recorded.

Results: Totally 183 eyes of 167 patients were included. The sex ratio of men to women was 1:2.88. A total of 17 eyes were pseudophakic and 166 eyes were phakic. RB and/or lattice degeneration were found in 62 eyes (33.88%). The prevalence of RB and/or lattice degeneration was similar between men and women (P=0.344>0.05). There was no statistical diff erence between the pseudophakic eyes and phakic eyes (P=0.138>0.05). All of the RB and/or lattice degeneration were located near or anterior to the equator. The inferior quadrants and the vertical meridian were aff ected more often than the superior quadrants and the horizontal meridian.

Conclusions: We identified a high incidence of RB/lattice degeneration in cases of full-thickness MH. Carefully examination of the peripheral retina and prophylactic treatment of RB and/or lattice degeneration are critical.

目的：评价欧堡 Daytona 200 度超广角激光扫描检眼镜检查近视患者眼底周边部视网膜病变的应用价值。方法：本研究为前瞻性病例研究，收集爱尔眼科医院要求行屈光手术的近视患者 1 000 例（2 000 只眼），分别进行小瞳下欧堡 Daytona 200 度超广角激光扫描检眼镜眼底检查和散瞳后三面镜检查，记录检查结果并进行比较分析。结果：通过欧堡 Daytona 200 度超广角激光扫描检眼镜检查发现有周边视网膜病变共 230 例（310 只眼），检出阳性率为 15.50%；三面镜检查发现周边部视网膜病变共 242 例（322 只眼），检出阳性率为 16.10%。两种检查方法对近视患者周边部视网膜病变检出阳性率具有很好的一致性（Kappa 值 0.8~1.0）。结论：欧堡 Daytona 200 度超广角成像系统为检查周边部视网膜病变提供了更省时高效的方法，在屈光手术前筛查视网膜周边部病变，具有广阔的临床应用前景。

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical value of peripheral retinal diseases in myopic patients examined by 200-degree ultra-wide field laser ophthalmoscope (Daytona). Methods: This was a prospective case-control study. We collected 1 000 myopic patients (2 000 eyes) who were scheduled to undergo refractive surgery in Aier Eye Hospital. They were examined by 200-degree ultra-wide field laser ophthalmoscope (Daytona) with non-mydriasis and three-mirror contact lens with mydriasis. The examination results were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 230 cases (310 eyes) with peripheral retinopathy were found by 200-degree ultra-wide field laser ophthalmoscope (Daytona). The positive rate was 15.50%; 242 cases (322 eyes) with peripheral retinopathy were found by threemirror contact lens, and the positive rate was 16.10%. The two methods were consistent in the detection of peripheral Retinopathy in myopic patients (the Kappa value is between 0.8 and 1.0). Conclusion: 200-degree ultra-wide field laser ophthalmoscope (Daytona) is an effective and rapid method for detecting peripheral retinopathy. It provides a broad clinical application prospects for peripheral retinopathy screening before refractive surgery. 

目的：探讨玻璃体手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离后出现黄斑裂孔的临床表现并分析其原因。方法：回顾 7 例孔源性视网膜脱离患者行玻璃体手术后出现黄斑裂孔的病例资料和检查结果，对其视网膜脱离时裂孔的位置、性质进行归纳，分析术后黄斑部光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography，OCT）特征，进一步推测黄斑裂孔形成的原因。结果：视网膜脱离玻璃体手术后的 OCT 图像提示黄斑区视网膜表面膜与黄斑裂孔形成密切相关。患者均行玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥离，术后黄斑裂孔解剖上闭合，5 例（71.4%）视力较术前提高，6 例（85.7%）术后视力 > 0.1。结论：玻璃体手术治疗视网膜脱离后出现的黄斑裂孔是罕见的并发症，推测视网膜表面膜是视网膜脱离玻璃体手术后黄斑裂孔形成的主要原因。

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of macular hole (MH) formation after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Methods: We reviewed the medical records and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data of patients presenting with MH after RRD repair. Retinal breaks were described and foveal structure was examined by OCT, then the pathogenesis was postulated.Results: OCT images of the vitrectomized eyes showed macular hole with epiretinal membrane (ERM) over the inner layer, which was associated with macular formation. All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with internal limiting membrane peeling and the macula was closed. Visual acuity was improved in 5 eyes (71.4%) and better than 0.1 in 6 eyes (85.7%).Conclusion: MH developing after vitrectomy for RRD is rare. Presence of ERM is considered as the main cause of MH formation after vitrectomy for RRD.

Two patients aged of 30 and 22 (female in cases 1, and male in case 2) both complained of unilateral blurring of vision and scotoma within a week of being diagnosed with dengue fever. No other abnormal findings were found in their anterior segment. Retinal examination revealed blurring of the optic disc margin and several white spots in the posterior in both cases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imagery revealed that the white spots were only located in the retinal outer layers. Macular cystic foveolitis were also found in case 1 and diff used macular edema in case 2. In case 1, visual and retinal recovery were seen to resolve spontaneously. In case 2, patient had complete visual recovery two months after onset of the disease after being treated with steroids but central scotomata has continued to persist.

Two patients aged of 30 and 22 (female in cases 1, and male in case 2) both complained of unilateral blurring of vision and scotoma within a week of being diagnosed with dengue fever. No other abnormal findings were found in their anterior segment. Retinal examination revealed blurring of the optic disc margin and several white spots in the posterior in both cases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imagery revealed that the white spots were only located in the retinal outer layers. Macular cystic foveolitis were also found in case 1 and diff used macular edema in case 2. In case 1, visual and retinal recovery were seen to resolve spontaneously. In case 2, patient had complete visual recovery two months after onset of the disease after being treated with steroids but central scotomata has continued to persist.