With the widespread use of functional intraocular lenses (IOLs), the prediction accuracy of refractive outcome in cataract patients is increasingly important. Although IOL power calculation formulas have evolved in recent years, predicting refractive outcome are still challenging in cataract patients with abnormal anatomical parameters, ocular comorbidities, or a history of ocular surgery. The selection of an appropriate IOL power formula based on the characteristics of biological parameters and medical history is an important guarantee for accurate refractive prediction in cataract patients.
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most common retinal vascular diseases, because its main complication is macular edema, so it will cause great damage to the patient's vision, the current treatment of retinal vein occlusion mainly includes laser therapy, intravitreal injection of corticosteroids and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, these therapies can significantly reduce the patient's macular edema, improve the patient's vision. However, there are also many patients who have received these treatments and have a poor visual prognosis despite the improvement in the degree of macular edema. Therefore, this article reviews some potential indicators affecting the prognosis of vision in patients with retinal vein occlusion.
The prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma varies by race and region, with Asia having a higher prevalence than other regions, with China having the highest prevalence of PACG. The pathogenesis of PACG is complex and diverse, not only related to abnormal eyeball anatomical structure, but also closely related to factors such as eye dynamic changes, genetic factors, and psychological and physiological stress factors. This article summarizes the pathogenesis of PACG based on literature reports, in order to provide guidance for clinical work and provide useful theoretical support for the early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.
Abstract Objectives To study whether baicalin can inhibit the activation of retinal microglia in diabetic rats and explore its mechanism.Methods 60 healthy male rats were randomly selected and divided into normal model group (N group), diabetes model group (D group) and baicalin treatment group (B group). At 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the fasting blood glucose values of the three groups of rats were measured and recorded with a blood glucose meter and recorded. At 12 weeks, the rats with poor physiological status, large body weight differences, and dead rats were eliminated. In each group, 12 rats were randomly selected total of 36 rats, to continue the experimental research. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the number of retinal ganglion cells and the overall morphology of the retina,immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the protein expression level of CD68, immunofluorescence method was used to detect the protein expression level of signal sransducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) and real-time quantitative pcr detecting system (qPCR) was used to observe the expression of STAT3mRNA and interleukin 6mRNA (IL-6) in rat retina.Results At the same time point, the retinal ganglion cells in the three groups of rats were observed. Compared with the other two groups, the retinal ganglion cells in the D group were obviously lost, with nuclear condensation, the total retinal thickness decreased and the number of apoptotic cells increased obviously. After baicalin treatment, the number of ganglion cells in the B group was increased, the retina was thickened and the number of apoptotic cells was decreased compared with that in the D group. Only a small amount of CD68 protein was found in the inner nuclear layer in the retina of N group rats. In group D, CD68 protein was distributed in all layers of retina. After baicalin treatment, the expression distribution of CD68 in group B was more limited than that in group D, and the expression was less than that in group D.The three groups of AOD showed that the value of rats in group D was significantly higher than that in group N (P<0.05), but after baicalin treatment, the value of rats in group B was lower than that in group D (P<0.05), and there were a large number of STAT3 positive expressions in all layers of retina of rats in group D, while the expression of STAT3 in retina of rats in group N was mainly distributed in the inner plexiform layer, and the positive expression in all layers of rats in group B was weaker than that in group D. However, the relative expression levels of STAT3mRNA and IL-6mRNA in retina of rats in group D were significantly higher than those in group N (P<0.05). After baicalin treatment, the expression levels of STAT3 and IL-6 in retina of rats in group B were significantly lower than those in group D (P<0.05). Conclusions Baicalin can inhibit the activation of retinal microglia in diabetic rats and is related to IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Objective: To examine the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the atrial fluid of cytomegalovirus-positive CMV(+) patients, cytomegalovirus-negative CMV(-) patients and cataract patients with glaucoma , The expression of IL-10 in the atrial fluid of cytomegalovirus-negative CMV(-) patients and cataract patients was investigated to correlate with the number of corneal endothelial cells (CEC). METHODS: In this study, atrial fluid samples from PSS patients diagnosed at our hospital between December 2022 and December 2023 and subjected to PCR of atrial fluid samples were collected. Forty CMV-positive patients were selected as the CMV (+) group, 32 CMV-negative patients were selected as the CMV (-) group, and 30 patients diagnosed at the same time in our hospital as requiring cataract surgery without other ocular or systemic diseases were selected as the control group. The atrial fluid was collected from the three groups and the correlation between the concentration of TNF-α and IL-10 in the atrial fluid and the number of corneal endothelial cells was analyzed. Results: The expression levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in atrial water were upregulated in CMV(+)/PSS patients, and the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-10 in atrial water were negatively correlated with the number of corneal endothelial cells. TNF-α and IL-10 expression in atrial water was not significantly increased in CMV(-) and control PSS patients, and TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations in atrial concentrations in atrial water did not correlate significantly with the number of corneal endothelial cells. Conclusion: The expression levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in atrial water were upregulated in CMV(+)/PSS patients, which may have caused a decrease in the number of corneal endothelial cells in CMV(+)/PSS patients.
Abstract Aim To evaluate the best timing of operation of probing of lacrimal passage in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) .Methods A retrospective case series study,95 outpatients ( 140eyes ) with neonatal dacryocystitis were selected from January 2021 to June 2022 in our hospital.The patients were divided into 3 groups ( 3-6mo，6-9mo and >9mo).Comparing the effectiveness of initial surgical treatment in different age groups.Evaluate the difference in surgical efficacy between patients with unilateral and bilateral obstruction.Results The success rate of the initial probing was shown that it decreased with age. In the above age groups, it was 95.5%、78.4%、73.3%, respectively.Bilateral obstruction was associated with a higher percentage of unsuccessful procedures compared to patients with unilateral obstruction (24.4% :6.0%, P< 0.05 ).Conclusion The optimal surgical treatment timing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in patients is 3-6 mo.Early surgical intervention may be considered for patients with additional signs.
Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of ocular pain within 6 months after LASIK (LASIK) and Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and the corresponding predictive evaluation model.
Methods Prospective Cohort study was used. Follow up patients undergoing refractive surgery at XX hospital for 6 months. The main follow-up method was by phone. Questionnaire surveys were conducted on the subjects 1 day before surgery, 1 day after surgery, 3 months, and 6 months to evaluate their pain levels.
Result
(1) Eye pain status of patients before and after surgery: Compared to the first day before surgery, all patients showed significant improvement in eye pain from 3 months after surgery, indicating a significant decrease in corresponding eye pain scores (P<0.017).
⑵ Symptoms of eye pain in patients before and after surgery: With the extension of postoperative time, the proportion of knife like pain and cold induced pain sensation gradually decreases. Pressure induced pain and acupuncture sensation are more severe between 1 day and 3 months after surgery, but the proportion of occurrence is significantly reduced at 6 months after surgery (P<0.05).
⑶ Regression results: Preoperative eye pain, depression, preoperative use of anti allergic drugs, and postoperative eye pain 1 day are risk factors or associated influencing factors for postoperative persistent eye pain in patients (P<0.05).
⑷ ROC analysis results: The Log P prediction model combined with four factors, including preoperative eye pain, depression, preoperative use of anti allergic drugs, and postoperative eye pain intensity on the first day, has a high predictive evaluation value for patients with postoperative persistent eye pain. The AUC (0.95CI) under the Receiver operating characteristic is 0.880 (0.815~0.913).
Conclusion: The persistent pain of patients after refractive surgery is closely related to their preoperative pain and postoperative pain intensity.
Since December 2019, patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) have been found around the world [1]. Most patients have mild symptoms and recover well, but some patients develop severe lung disease and systemic complications. In terms of eye complications, from acute conjunctivitis and keratitis in the anterior segment to posterior segment diseases that affect vision more seriously: retinal vascular diseases, optic neuritis, etc., the symptoms and signs are diverse. This paper mainly analyzes the incidence and pathogenesis of ocular complications in patients with COVID-19, in order to provide reference for further research.
