Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between corneal B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients, and to explore the influence of corrected corneal curvature on the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation. Methods: A total of 197 age-related cataract patients (197 eyes) who were treated in the cataract center of our hospital from March 2019 to November 2019 and were going to undergo monocular cataract surgery were selected, and the biological parameters of the anterior segment were measured by Pentacam anterior segment analyzer before surgery, and the patients were divided into three groups (25% below the B/F ratio, 25%~75%, and 25% below the B/F ratio) with the lower limit and the upper limit of 25%. Three months after surgery, the postoperative refractive state of patients was evaluated by automatic computerized refractometer, and the postoperative refractive error (PE) was calculated, and the percentage differences of mean refractive error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE) and refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were evaluated. Results: The B/F ratio was moderately correlated with postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients (rp = –0.4451, P < 0.0001). With the increase of B/F ratio, the refractive state of patients shifted from hyperopia to myopia after surgery, and the MAE and MedAE were 0.55± 0.43D and 0.46D respectively in 3 months after surgery. The percentages of refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were 29.4%, 52.8%, 71.6%, 87.6% and 12.7%, respectively. After correcting the corneal curvature according to the B/F ratio of the population, MAE and MedAE were 0.51± 0.41D and 0.43D, respectively, which were lower than those before correction (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a correlation between B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients. As the B/F ratio increased, the refractive state of the patient gradually drifted from farsightedness to myopia after cataract surgery, and the more the B/F ratio deviated from the normal average, the greater the absolute value of the patient's refractive error.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between corneal B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients, and to explore the influence of corrected corneal curvature on the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation. Methods: A total of 197 age-related cataract patients (197 eyes) who were treated in the cataract center of our hospital from March 2019 to November 2019 and were going to undergo monocular cataract surgery were selected, and the biological parameters of the anterior segment were measured by Pentacam anterior segment analyzer before surgery, and the patients were divided into three groups (25% below the B/F ratio, 25%~75%, and 25% below the B/F ratio) with the lower limit and the upper limit of 25%. Three months after surgery, the postoperative refractive state of patients was evaluated by automatic computerized refractometer, and the postoperative refractive error (PE) was calculated, and the percentage differences of mean refractive error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE) and refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were evaluated. Results: The B/F ratio was moderately correlated with postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients (rp = –0.4451, P < 0.0001). With the increase of B/F ratio, the refractive state of patients shifted from hyperopia to myopia after surgery, and the MAE and MedAE were 0.55± 0.43D and 0.46D respectively in 3 months after surgery. The percentages of refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were 29.4%, 52.8%, 71.6%, 87.6% and 12.7%, respectively. After correcting the corneal curvature according to the B/F ratio of the population, MAE and MedAE were 0.51± 0.41D and 0.43D, respectively, which were lower than those before correction (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a correlation between B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients. As the B/F ratio increased, the refractive state of the patient gradually drifted from farsightedness to myopia after cataract surgery, and the more the B/F ratio deviated from the normal average, the greater the absolute value of the patient's refractive error.
Objective: To investigate the status of visual display terminal syndrome (VDTS) in civil aviation pilots and analyze the causes, so as to provide evidence for eye health care of pilots. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 631 pilots to understand the exposure time and to compare the incidence rate of discomfort in participants with different exposure intensities. Results: The average exposure time of pilots’video terminals was (4.43±2.24) h. The incidence rate of VDTS and the detection rate of discomfort increased with the increase of exposure time. Conclusion: Prolonged exposure to video terminal is not conducive to eye health. The eye health education for pilots should be strengthened to avoid or reduce the health hazards caused by video terminal exposure.
Objective: To observe the efficacy of laser photocoagulation (LP) and intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection in the treatment of type 1 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with lesions located in zone II. Methods:Forty-four patients (81 eyes) with type 1 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity with lesions located in zone II staying in our hospital from October 2015 to December 2019 were collected and divided into LP group and IVR group according to the operation method. Through observation of the postoperative disease involution, retinal vascularization, systemic and ocular complications in each group, the effects of different surgical methods were analyzed. Results: In LP group, 20 patients (37 eyes) underwent retinal laser photocoagulation treatment, with no recurrence occurred after the operation; the cure rate after the first operation was 100%; the disease was controlled at (3.42±1.57) weeks after the operation; and peripheral retinal vascularization was observed at (9.84±4.75) weeks after the operation. In IVR group, 24 patients (44 eyes) were injected with ranibizumab; 39 eyes were under control after a single operation; the cure rate after the first operation was 88.6%; and 5 eyes were not under control after surgery. The disease was controlled for an average of (2.95±2.58) weeks after operation; peripheral retinal vascularization was observed at (14.19±4.95) weeks after operation; there were statistically significant differences in the cure rate after the first operation and retinal vascularization time between the two groups. Conclusion:Retinal laser photocoagulation and IVR have good effects in the treatment of type 1 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity with lesions located in zone II. However, the recurrence rate using IVR is relatively high. Therefore,the surgical method needs to be cautious and still requires clinical observation.
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), known as Graves’orbitopathy, is an organ specific autoimmune disease closely related to thyroid diseases.Exophthalmos is one of the main clinical manifestations of thyroid related ophthalmopathy and is also the reason for most patients seeking medical attention in clinical practice.Eyeball protrusion can affect aesthetics on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can lead to exposed keratitis due to incomplete closure of the eyelids or compressive optic neuropathy due to increased orbital pressure.Orbital decompression has been used to treat severe TAO that threatens vision for over 100 years, and its safety and effectiveness have been confirmed.However, postoperative new diplopia remains a challenge for many ophthalmic medical workers.In recent years, many studies have explored the relevant factors of postoperative new diplopia, and improved the surgery, achieving varying degrees of progress in reducing postoperative new diplopia.This article reviews the research progress of new diplopia after orbital decompression, aiming to promote more accurate surgery for thyroid related eye diseases by specialized doctors.
Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), known as Graves' ophthalmopathy, is an organ specific autoimmune disease closely related to thyroid diseases.Exophthalmos is one of the main clinical manifestations of thyroid related ophthalmopathy and is also the reason for most patients seeking medical attention in clinical practice.Eyeball protrusion can affect aesthetics on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can lead to exposed keratitis due to incomplete closure of the eyelids or compressive optic neuropathy due to increased orbital pressure.Orbital decompression has been used to treat severe TAO that threatens vision for over 100 years, and its safety and effectiveness have been confirmed.However, postoperative new diplopia remains a challenge for many ophthalmic medical workers.In recent years, many studies have explored the relevant factors of postoperative new diplopia, and improved the surgery, achieving varying degrees of progress in reducing postoperative new diplopia.This article reviews the research progress of new diplopia after orbital decompression, aiming to promote more accurate surgery for thyroid related eye diseases by specialized doctors.
Objective: To study the effects of cholesterol, the main component of drusen, on the expression plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase 1 (PMCA1), L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (LVDCC) and cell membrane sodium calcium exchange protein 1 (NCX1) of ARPE-19 cells. Methods: The ARPE-19 cell line was cultured in vitro, and the cells were divided into a control group and a cholesterol treatment group (2.5 mg/mL). The treatment time was 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of PMCA1, LVDCC and NCX1 at the mRNA level, and western blot was used to detect the expression at the protein level. Results: The mRNA and protein expression levels of PMCA1 which mainly responsible for the efflux of intracellular calcium ions, was down regulated under cholesterol treatment. Meanwhile, the expression of the mRNA and protein of the calcium inflow channel LVDCC and calcium stability regulatory protein NCX1 were significantly increased, and the time-dependency was present, which was up expressed to 24 or 48 h and then fell back. Among them, the LVDCC expression had a large number of times. Conclusion: Cholesterol, the main component of drusen, can affect the expression of calcium channels in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. The expression of PMCA1 was suppressed by cholesterol, and expression of LVDCC and NCX1 were up-regulated with cholesterol treatment, which may affect intracellular calcium efflux then cause calcium influx. Whether it can further cause intracellular calcium overload and cell death is worth exploring.
In recent 5 years, a series of studies have been made in the mechanism of onset of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma worldwide. In clinical research, the prognosis has made in predicting progression of patients with eyelid sebaceous carcinoma, and the significancy of frozen margin control in microsurgery was clarified. In field of basic research,from elucidation of mutational landscape to revelation of three independent pathogenesis patterns, from researches on immunotherapy to targeted therapy, efforts have been made to reveal the pathological mechanism to both aspect of its morbidity and development. This paper summarizes, analyzes and reviews the main achievements in recent 5 years on eyelid sebaceous carcinoma.
Eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma is a malignant epithelial tumor originating from eyelid sebaceous glands, which is prone to relapse and metastasis. The treatment mainly depends on surgical excision, but the overall prognosis of patients is not ideal. Early diagnosis and targeted therapy are the keys to improve the prognosis of patients.Due to its complex clinical manifestations, early misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis is easy to delay treatment, and pathological examination is still the gold standard for its diagnosis. In addition, the pathogenesis of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma is still unclear, and the molecular biological process of the occurrence and development is less understood. Therefore, it is very necessary to understand the pathogenesis of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma in various aspects to provide a theoretical basis for targeted therapy. In this paper, the pathogenesis of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma was reviewed from the aspects of gene , epigenetic, viral infection, immune escape, , telomerase theory and so on.
A young female patient complained of recurrent redness and swelling of the right eyelid for more than 3 months.Orbital CT examination showed that low density soft tissue density shadow with clear boundary can be seen in the anterior part of the left orbit. The lesion extended to the upper part of the orbit and communicated with the intracranial lesion through the erosive foramen at the intersection of the great wing of the sphenoid bone and the sphenoid ridge. There were massive high-density lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes. MRI examination of orbit showed that the left upper eyelid extended to the upper orbit and the upper extraorbital region. There were cystic signal of the orbit lesion and mixed signals of intracranial scattering in temporal and frontal lobes. The clinical diagnosis was left orbital cranial communicating lesion. The patient underwent orbital tumor resection under general anesthesia and was diagnosed as echinococcosis by postoperative pathology. This case suggests that for orbital cranial communicating echinococcosis, individualized treatment should be adopted according to the nature and location of the lesions, in which imaging examination are important.
