With the growing emphasis on quality in clinical research, the recognition and demand for clinical research nurses have increased significantly. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the role and responsibilities of these nurses in ophthalmology. This study aims to address this gap by presenting a discussion on the job responsibilities of ophthalmic clinical research nurses. Drawing upon a range of experiences from the field of clinical research in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and incorporating personal insights, the paper explores the specific tasks and duties associated with this role. The objective is to promote a standardized and professional development pathway for ophthalmic clinical research nurses, emphasizing the importance of recognizing their crucial role in the research process, encouraging more nurses to pursue dedicated careers in ophthalmic clinical trials. Ultimately, this discussion aims to contribute to the enhancement of efficiency and quality in ophthalmic clinical research.
Objective：To investigate the distribution and of corneal refractive power and analyze the correlation between corneal refractive power and ocular biometric parameters in the patients with cataract. Methods：A retrospective cross-sectional study of 2,3035 eyes in a population of cataract patients over 40 years old between March 2019 and July 2022 in our hospital. Preoperative axial length (AL), corneal refractive power (CRP), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), horizontal corneal diameter (WTW), central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured by OA-2000. Spearman correlation heatmap for ocular biometric parameters and age were constructed. The scattered plots and fitted lines between CRP and AL and between CRP and WTW were constructed. Spearman correlation analysis of CRP with ocular biometric parameters and age. Results：In the cataract population, CRP was 44.36±1.52D and had a nonlinear relationship with AL. CRP was inversely linearly correlated with AL≤25.06mm (r=-0.624, P<0.001). CRP and AL had a poorly positive correlation with AL>25.06mm (r=0.256, P<0.001). Regardless of AL, CRP was adversely correlated with WTW and CCT. CRP and WTW also had a nonlinear relationship. When 10.52mm≤WTW≤ 12.46mm, CRP displayed the strongest negative linear correlation with WTW (r=-0.383, P<0.001), and CRP was inversely associated with AL, ACD, and CCT. Conclusion：CRP was nonlinearly related to AL and WTW. The correlation of CRP with AL and WTW needs to be considered when calculating IOL with the optimization of CRP.
Optical coherence tomography angiography, as a non-invasive fundus test emerging in recent years, can compensate to some extent for the deficiencies of traditional means such as fundus fluorescein angiography based on its special detection principle. With the widespread use of OCTA technology, the quantitative parameters of its imaging have been shown to be closely related to the development and prognosis of various retinal vascular diseases, and the baseline data of macular blood flow in healthy individuals may be influenced by various factors. In this literature review, we summarize and analyze various factors that may affect macular flow parameters in healthy subjects.
The Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare highly malignant primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin,especially in the eyelids. In this report, the clinical history and treatment course of 2 patients with MCC of the eyelid were reviewed and summarized. Patient 1 with primary MCC of eyelid was treated with complete surgical excision, with good results. Follow-up for 7 years had shown no recurrence. Patient 2 with the eyelid relapse in situ two months after resection in another hospital, was treated with complete surgical excision again, but the tumor metastasized to the ipsilateral lymphonodi parotidici and cervical lymph nodes two months after the surgery. The patient is now going through radiotherapy and chemotherapy in oncology department. According to the review of literatures, the diagnosis was based on the pathologic evidence. Complete removal of lesion combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy is a major means of treatment for MCC. Immunotherapy will play a more important role in the future.
Lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the orbital lacrimal gland is a rare carcinoma. A 46-year-old female patient presented with red and swollen left eyelid, proptosis and blurred vision. The clinical and imaging manifestations were similar to inflammatory pseudotumor. Pathological examination was performed after complete resection.Pathological features showed undifferentiated carcinoma nests surrounded by obvious infiltration of non-neoplastic lymphocytes and plasma cells, which was consistent with the diagnosis of lymphoepithelial carcinoma.Chemotherapy and local radiotherapy were performed after the resection. The case did not relapse after 5 years of follow-up. The clinical manifestations of orbital lacrimal lymphoepithelial carcinoma were easily confused with inflammatory pseudotumor. Pathological examination should be performed to clarify its malignant phenotype.Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy after complete resection had a good effect.
Objective: To observe and study the corneal in patients of family with granular corneal dystrophy by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Methods: The corneas of 4 patients (6 eyes) with granular corneal dystrophy were scanned by laser confocal microscopy, and the results were compared with those observed by slit lamp and ordinary microscope. Results: The image were gray and white bread-crumb-like opacity under the slit-lamp of cornea in patients of family with granular corneal dystrophy, were eosin-stained granules deposited between stroma layers in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain under the microscopy, were high reflective masses under the confocal laser scanning microscopy, which fused with each other. Conclusion: The image of the corneal in patients of family with granular corneal dystrophy were clearer and clearer by from Slit Lamp and microscopy to the confocal laser scanning microscopy. The distribution of sediments was consistent with each other. It can be a good understanding of the development of the disease.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between corneal B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients, and to explore the influence of B/F ratio on the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation. Methods: A total of 197 age-related cataract patients (197 eyes) who were treated in the cataract center of our hospital from March 2019 to November 2019 and were going to undergo monocular cataract surgery were selected, and the biological parameters of the anterior segment were measured by Pentacam anterior segment analyzer before surgery, and the patients were divided into three groups (25% below the B/F ratio, 25%~75%, and 25% below the B/F ratio) with the lower limit and the upper limit of 25%. Three months after surgery, the postoperative refractive state of patients was evaluated by automatic computerized refractometer, and the postoperative refractive error (PE) was calculated, and the percentage differences of mean refractive error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE) and refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were evaluated. Results: The B/F ratio was moderately correlated with postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients (rp ?0.4451, P < 0.0001). With the increase of B/F ratio, the refractive state of patients shifted from hyperopia to myopia after surgery, and the MAE and MedAE were 0.55± 0.43D and 0.46D respectively in 3 months after surgery. The percentages of refractive error in the range of ±0.25D, ±0.50D, ±0.75D, ±1.00D and < ±1.00D were 29.4%, 52.8%, 71.6%, 87.6% and 12.7%, respectively. After correcting the corneal curvature according to the B/F ratio of the population based on our previous study, MAE and MedAE were 0.51± 0.41D and 0.43D, respectively, which were lower than those before correction (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a correlation between B/F ratio and postoperative refractive error in age-related cataract patients. As the B/F ratio increased, the refractive state of the patient gradually drifted from farsightedness to myopia after cataract surgery, and the more the B/F ratio deviated from the normal average, the greater the absolute value of the patient's refractive error.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of the policy of purchasing intraocular lens (IOLs) in a centralized volume-based manner on patients selection。 Methods: The patients who completed cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOLs implantation in the ophthalmology department of Guangzhou first people's Hospital from June 2020 to May 2022 were retrospective analyzation. According to the time of centralized IOLs procurement policy in our hospital (May 2021), the patients were divided into before centralized purchase group (2020.6 ~ 2021.5) and centralized purchase group (2021.6 ~ 2022.5). The demographics of study population, IOLs category, IOLs cost, operation cost and the proportion of Chinese-made IOLs were compared between the two groups. Results: The total numbers of operations volume in the before centralized purchase group (2020.6-2021.5) and centralized purchase group (2021.6-2022.5) were 1188 and 1099 eyes (only one eye was included in the binocular surgery), respectively. There was no significant difference in the age and sex between the two groups (P>0.05). The median cost of IOLs in the before centralized purchase group was 3770 (interquartile interval, IQR: 3162-7950), which was higher than that volume purchase group [1613 (1079-4994), P<0.001]. The proportion of aspherical IOLs was the highest in both groups. The number of multifocal and astigmatic IOLs in the centralized purchase group increased significantly compared with that before centralized purchase group (multifocal IOLs: 1.9% and 15.0%; astigmatic IOLs: 0.2% and 1.3%). The number of spherical IOLs decreased significantly (7.7% and 0.6%), with statistically significant differences. The utilization rate of domestic IOLs increased from 0.5% to 3.5% (P<0.001). The patients who chose high-end IOLs in centralized purchase group were older, and the proportion of patients with other eye diseases or systemic diseases was higher than before centralized purchase group. Conclusion: The centralized volume-based procurement policy of IOLs reduces the economic burden of patients and increase the use of high-end IOLs. At the same time, it reduces the expenditure of national medical insurance and promotes the use of domestic medical consumables.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of vasculogenic mimicry in the primary and recurrent pterygium. Methods: Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1/periodic acid-schiff (CD31/PAS)immunohistochemical double staining method was adopted to detect the expression of VM in 139 cases of pterygium (105 cases of primary pterygium and 34 cases of recurrent pterygium)and 10 cases of normal conjunctival tissues. The correlation between VM and primary pterygium, recurrent pterygium and the factors such as gender and age of patients were analyzed. Human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) were primary cultured and identified by immunocytochemical staining. The differences in the number of VM channels between primary HPFs and recurrent HPFs were observed by three-dimensional culture and PAS staining. Results: There was no VM structure in 10 normal conjunctiva and the positive rate of VM was 43.81% in primary pterygium and 82.35% in recurrent pterygium with a significantly difference (P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between VM and recurrent pterygium (r=0.332). There was no significant difference in the expression of VM in pterygium patients with different sex, age and course (all P>0.05). Vimentin was positive in the primary cultured cells, which was consistent with the characteristics of fibroblasts. The results of three-dimensional culture and PAS staining indicated that HPFs had the ability to construct VM model in vitro, and the number of VM channels constituted by recurrent HPFs was significantly higher than that by primary HPFs, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: VM exists in pterygium tissues, and it can be used as one of the blood supply routes, which is closely related to the recurrence of pterygium.
