目的：了解干眼患者相关知识、管理态度及防治行为的现状及影响因素，为临床制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2025年1—3月在中山大学中山眼科中心干眼与眼表疾病门诊就诊的患者为研究对象。调查工具为一般资料调查表、中国干眼问卷及干眼患者知信行问卷。知信行问卷包括知识（16个条目）、态度（7个条目）、行为（9个条目） 3个维度，共32个条目。使用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析确定影响因素。 结果：有效回收调查问卷325份，325例干眼患者的知信行问卷平均得分为（62.89±9.00）分；标准分为（78.61±11.25）分，处于中等水平。其中知识维度平均得分为（9.89±4.88）分，134例（41.2%）处于较差水平；态度维度得分较高，总均分为（26.92±2.24）分，标准分（96.16±8.03）分，处于较高水平；行为维度总均分为（26.06±5.43）分，标准分（72.41±15.09）分，处于中等水平。单因素分析结果显示，不同年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、是否经常使用电子设备、是否主动查询疾病知识的干眼患者，其知信行得分比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。年龄、文化程度、是否主动查询疾病知识是干眼患者知信行得分的影响因素（P<0.05）。 结论：干眼患者知信行水平处于中等，表现为疾病知识掌握片面、防治态度较积极但行为水平有待提高，且受多因素影响，应制订精准、个性化健康教育内容，以提高干眼患者的知信行水平。
Objective: To investigate the current status and identify the influencing factors regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dry eye disease (DED) among patients. This study aims to provide a solid foundation for the development of targeted clinical interventions. Methods: With convenience sampling, patients diagnosed with DED were selected at the Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease Clinic of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January to March 2025 as study subjects. The survey tools consisted of a general information questionnaire, the Chinese Dry Eye Questionnaire, and the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) Questionnaire for DED patients. The KAP questionnaire was structured into three dimensions: knowledge (16 items), attitudes (7 items), and practices (9 items), making a total of 32 items. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were employed to identify influencing factors. Results: A total of 325 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 325 DED patients, the average KAP score was 62.89±9.00, and the standardized score was 78.61±11.25, indicating a moderate level. In the knowledge dimension, the average score was 9.89±4.88 and 134 patients (41.2%) had poor scores. The attitudes dimension showed a relatively high level, with a total mean score of 26.92±2.24 and a standardized score of 96.16±8.03, reflecting that the patients generally held positive attitudes towards the prevention and treatment of DED. For the practices dimension, the total mean score was 26.06±5.43, and the standardized score was 72.41±15.09, indicating a moderate level of behaviorial practices. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in KAP scores among patients with different ages, education levels, monthly household income per capita, frequencies of electronic device use, and whether they actively sought disease-related knowledge (P<0.05). Further, age, education level, and proactive information-seeking behavior were identified as significant influencing factors for KAP scores (P<0.05). Conclusions: The KAP level of DED patients is moderate. Their disease knowlege is fragmented, while they exhibit positive attitudes toward prevention and treatment. However, their behavioral practices are subptimal and are influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, it is essential to develop tailored and personalized health education programs to enhance the KAP level of DED patients.
目的：了解干眼患者自我护理能力水平并分析其影响因素。方法：选取2022年2月—6月在中山大学中山眼科中心就诊的干眼患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、自我护理能力量表、一般自我效能感量表对患者进行调查分析。结果：共调查293例干眼患者，其自我护理能力评分为(113.34±9.98)分，处于中等水平。相关性分析中干眼患者的自我护理能力总分与自我效能感得分呈正相关(r=0.421，P<0.001)，多重线性回归分析显示，累计屏幕使用时间>10 h/d、合并全身疾病、低自我效能感评分是干眼患者自我护理能力的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论：干眼患者自我护理能力水平处于中水平，仍需加强。医护工作者在工作中应重点关注屏幕使用时间长、合并全身疾病及自我效能感低的患者，并制定相应的护理对策，以改善患者的自我护理能力水平。
Objective: To understand the self-care ability of patients with dry eye and analyze its infuencing factors. Methods: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were selected from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from February 2022 to June 2022, the general data Questionnaire the general self-efcacy scale, and the self-care ability scale survey were collected. Results: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were surveyed, and the self-care ability score was 113.34±9.98, which was at the medium level. The total score of self-care ability, the scores of self-concept, self-care responsibility, health knowledge level and self-care skills of patients with dry eye were positively correlated with the scores of self-efcacy (r=0.421, all P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cumulative screen usage time>10 hours/day, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy scores were risk factors for self-care ability in patients with dry eye (P<0.05). Conclusions: Te self-care ability of patients with dry eye disease is at a medium level, and still needs to be strengthened. Medical workers should focus on patients with prolonged screen usage, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy in their work, and tailor relevant nursing strategies to improve their self-care abilities.
目的：了解干眼患者自我护理能力水平并分析其影响因素。方法：选取2022年2月—6月在中山大学中山眼科中心就诊的干眼患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、自我护理能力量表、一般自我效能感量表对患者进行调查分析。结果：共调查293例干眼患者，其自我护理能力评分为(113.34±9.98)分，处于中等水平。相关性分析中干眼患者的自我护理能力总分与自我效能感得分呈正相关(r=0.421，P<0.001)，多重线性回归分析显示，累计屏幕使用时间>10 h/d、合并全身疾病、低自我效能感评分是干眼患者自我护理能力的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论：干眼患者自我护理能力水平处于中水平，仍需加强。医护工作者在工作中应重点关注屏幕使用时间长、合并全身疾病及自我效能感低的患者，并制定相应的护理对策，以改善患者的自我护理能力水平。
Objective: To understand the self-care ability of patients with dry eye and analyze its infuencing factors. Methods: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were selected from Zhongshan University Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center from February 2022 to June 2022, the general data Questionnaire the general self-efcacy Scale and the self-care ability Scale survey were collected. Results: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were surveyed, and the self-care ability score was 113.34±9.98, which was at the medium level. The total score of self-care ability, the scores of self-concept, self-care responsibility, health knowledge level and self-care skills of patients with dry eye were positively correlated with the scores of self-efcacy (r=0.421, allP<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cumulative screen usage time>10 hours/day, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy scores were risk factors for self-care ability in patients with dry eye (P<0.05). Conclusions: Te self-care ability of patients with dry eye disease is at a medium level, and still needs to be strengthened. Medical workers should focus on patients with prolonged screen usage, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy in their work, and tailor relevant nursing strategies to improve their self-care abilities.
