目的: 探讨白内障手术患者围手术期非甾体抗炎药（non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs）滴眼液应用的合理性，为优化临床用药方案提供依据。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，分析郑州市第二人民医院2024年100例（100眼）行白内障超声乳化并人工晶状体植入手术患者的临床数据，依据药品说明书、《我国白内障围手术期非感染性炎症反应防治专家共识(2015年)》《中国成人白内障摘除手术指南（2023年）》《中国激光角膜屈光手术围手术期用药专家共识（2024年）》等指南/共识制定评价标准，评价NSAIDs滴眼液的用药频次、疗程及术前预防性抗炎处理的规范性。结果：35%的病例存在用药不合理，共发现88项问题，包括用药频次错误（7.96%）、超疗程（22.72%）及术前用药不当（69.32%）。其中，65%糖尿病患者术前未启动NSAIDs预处理，41%非糖尿病患者术前1 d使用NSAIDs；溴芬酸钠滴眼液疗程超过10天者占20.45%，可能增加肝损伤风险。结论：医疗机构应采取积极有效措施，如制定个体化用药方案、加强合理用药培训、开展专项处方点评等，切实促进NSAIDs滴眼液在白内障手术患者围手术期的合理使用，保障患者的用药安全与治疗效果，提高医疗服务质量和患者满意度。

Objective: To investigate the rationality of perioperative application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) eye drops in patients undergoing cataract surgery, thereby providing evidence for optimizing clinical medication protocols. Methods: A retrospective study method was used to analyse the clinical data of 100 patients (100 eyes) who underwent cataract ultrasonoemulsification with IOL implantation in 2024 at the Second People's Hospital of Zhengzhou City, and the evaluation criteria were developed based on the instructions of the medication, the Chinese expert consensus on prevention and management of non-infectious inflammatory responses in the perioperative period of cataract surgery (2015), the Chinese guideline for cataract surgery in adults (2023), and the Chinese expert consensus on the perioperative medication in laser corneal refractive surgery(2024)" and other guidelines/consensus to develop evaluation criteria to evaluate the standardisation of NSAIDs eye drops in terms of frequency of dosing, duration of treatment, and preoperative prophylactic anti-inflammatory treatment. Results: Irrational medication use was identified in 35% of cases, with a total of 88 issues categorized as follows: incorrect dosage frequency (7.96%), prolonged treatment duration (22.72%), and inappropriate preoperative medication (69.32%). Notably, 65% of diabetic patients failed to initiate NSAIDs pretreatment preoperatively as recommended by guidelines, while 41% of non-diabetic patients received NSAIDs one day before surgery. Prolonged use of bromfenac eye drops (>10 days) was observed in 20.45% of cases, potentially increasing the risk of liver injury. Conclusions: Medical institutions should take active and effective measures, such as formulating individualised medication plans, strengthening training on rational use of medication, and carrying out special prescription reviews, etc., to effectively promote the rational use of NSAIDs eye drops in the perioperative period of patients undergoing cataract surgery, to safeguard the safety of patients' use of medication and therapeutic efficacy, and to improve the quality of healthcare services and patients' satisfaction.

目的：分析喉罩在肥胖患者眼科日间手术中的应用特点。方法：选择 2021 年 1 月— 2024 年 3 月在中山大学中山眼科中心行日间眼科手术 且体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）≥25 kg/m²的男性患者进行分析，将患者分为2组：超重组（BMI 25~<30 kg/m2）及肥胖组（BMI≥30 kg/m²）。比较两组患者入室时（T₁）、诱导后（T₂）、喉罩置入后（T₃）、手术开始时（T₄）、手术开始10 min（T₅）、手术结束时（T₆）、入麻醉恢复室（post-anesthesia care unit，PACU）（T₇）、喉罩拔除时（T₈）的血流动力学和血氧饱和度变化情况；并分析喉罩置入后（T₃）、手术开始时（T₄）、手术开始10 min（T₅）、手术结束时（T₆）和喉罩拔除时（T₈）患者的呼吸参数变化情况，记录两组患者的喉罩通气成功率及复苏室的停留时间。结果：纳入 118 例患者，其中超重组 57 例、肥胖组 61 例。两组均未出现喉罩通气失败病例，肥胖组在T₃、T₄、T₅、T₆以及T₈等时点气道峰压均高于超重组（P < 0.05）；肥胖组的呼吸道不良事件发生率高于超重组（P < 0.05）。两组患者围术期生命体征平稳（P > 0.05），复苏室停留时间在组间比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）且均顺利日间手术离院。结论：喉罩通气下全身麻醉能安全应用在肥胖患者眼科日间手术中，高BMI与高气道峰压相关。

Objective: General anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway (LMA) ventilation can facilitate ambulatory ophthalmic surgery, however, there remains debates about the use of LMA for obese patients. This study retrospectively analyzed the application of LMA in obese patients for ambulatory ophthalmic surgery. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed all patients with a BMI≥25 kg/m2 who underwent ambulatory ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2021 to March 2024.  The patients were divided into two groups: overweight group (BMI 25~<30 kg/m2) and obese group (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) . We compared the changes in hemodynamics and oxygen saturation at the several time points, baseline after entering operating room (T₁), anesthesia induction (T₂), LMA insertion (T₃), start of surgery (T₄), 10 minutes after surgery (T₅), surgery completion (T₆), transfer to PACU (T₇), and LMA removal (T₈);and analyzed the changes in respiratory parameters of the patient at T₃, T₄, T₅, T₆, and T₈ time points between both groups. We also observed the differences in success rate of LMA insertion and ventilation and PACU stay time as well as time to discharge home between two groups. Results: 118 cases were found suitable for the final analysis and divided into overweight group (n=57) and obese group (n=61). All patients in the two groups uneventfully completed the ophthalmic ambulatory surgery and discharged home under the laryngeal mask airway ventilation, none of patients in both group displayed LMA ventilation failure. The hemodynamics and oxygen saturation in both groups were stable during perioperative period(P > 0.05). The peak airway pressures in obese group were dramatically increased than in overweight group at T₃, T₄, T₅, T₆ and T8 time points (P < 0.05), and the incidences of adverse respiratory events in obese group were significant higher than in overweight group （P < 0.05）. The PACU stay time was comparable in both groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: LMA can be safely used for obese patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery, high BMI is related to high peak airway pressures.

目的：了解中国华南地区眼科患者近年术前四项指标的感染状况及阳性患者在不同眼病中的分布。方法：回顾性分析2017年1月-2023年12月在中山大学中山眼科中心进行乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(hepatitis C virus antibody, 抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(treponema pallidum antibody, 抗-TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(human immunodeficiency virus antibody, 抗-HIV)指标筛查的门诊、手术和(或)住院患者资料，并记录和分析患者各项指标的阳性情况。结果：共纳入253 246例患者，HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP和抗-HIV阳性率分别是9.00%、0.45%、1.55%、0.13%。两种或两种以上感染指标阳性的患者共有686例， HBsAg和抗HCV同时阳性的例数最高(57.29%)，其次为抗-HIV和抗-TP(15.74%)。2017-2023年HBsAg阳性率逐年递减，而抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-TP阳性率变化不明显。男性的HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV阳性率均高于女性，差异均有统计学意义(P <0.001)。HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV阳性率在不同年龄段比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.001)。在HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP阳性患者中，晶状体病的病例数占比最高，分别为36.72%、39.12%、46.97%。其次是玻璃体/视网膜疾病，占比分别为22.52%、19.65%、19.69%。在抗-HIV阳性患者中，玻璃体/视网膜疾病的病例数占比最高，为42.99%，其次是晶状体病，占26.17%，葡萄膜炎占8.72%。结论：本研究揭示了眼科患者术前四项指标的感染情况及感染患者在不同眼病中的分布，这对于评估眼科手术风险、制定感染控制措施具有重要意义。

Objective: To understand the infection status of four blood-borne pathogens among ophthalmology patients in South China and the distribution of positive patients across different eye diseases. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from outpatient and inpatient or surgical ophthalmic patients who underwent screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV), treponema pallidum antibody (anti-TP) and human immunodeficiency virus antibody (anti-HIV) at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2017 to December 2023. The positivity rates of these markers were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 253246 patients were included in the study, with positivity rates for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-TP, and anti-HIV at 9.00%, 0.45%, 1.55% and 0.13%, respectively. Among these, 686 patients tested positive for two or more markers, with the highest co-positivity observed for HBsAg and anti-HCV (57.29%), followed by anti-HIV and anti-TP (15.74%). The positivity rate of HBsAg showed a yearly decline, while the rates for anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and anti-TP remained relatively stable from 2017 to 2023. Males had significantly higher positivity rates for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-TP, and anti-HIV compared to females (P < 0.001). Significant differences in positivity rates for these markers were also observed across different age groups (P < 0.001). In patients with positive HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-TP, the proportion of cases with lens diseases were the highest, at 36.72%, 39.12%, and 46.97%, respectively. Vitreoretinal diseases followed, with proportions of 22.52%, 19.65%, and 19.69%, respectively. Among patients with positive anti-HIV, the proportion of cases with vitreoretinal diseases was the highest, at 42.99%, followed by lens diseases at 26.17%, and uveitis at 8.72%. Conclusions: This study reveals the infection status of four blood-borne pathogens in ophthalmology patients and the distribution of infected patients across different eye diseases, which is significant for assessing the risks of ophthalmic surgery and formulating infection control measures.

目的：通过为青光眼患者提供安全、有效、经济、合理的规范化药学服务，探讨药物重整在青光眼患者中的临床应用价值，并评估药物重整服务在眼科专科用药方面的可行性。方法：采用前瞻性研究设计，纳入武汉大学附属爱尔眼科医院2023年8月-2024年1月青光眼住院患者308例, 临床药师通过收集用药史、医嘱审核、用药偏差纠正、用药教育等多种方式实施药物重整服务。结果：在308例患者中，104例患者存在需重整的用药问题，重整率为33.8%，重整医嘱共198条，在这些重整医嘱中，用药依从性问题占57.0%，用药安全性问题占18.1%，用药差错占24.9%。经过药物重整，患者用药依从性提升至95.1%(χ²=27.210，P<0.05)，安全性问题降至1.3%(χ²=22.565，P<0.05)，用药差错率降至1.9%(χ²=26.251，P<0.05)。结论：药物重整可提高青光眼患者的用药合理性及依从性，是保障患者用药安全、合理的有效药学服务手段。

Objective: To introduce medication reconciliation (MR) services for glaucoma patients, with the aim of delivering safe, effective, and cost-effective pharmaceutical care. This study also evaluates the clinical value of MR in glaucoma management and assesses its feasibility within ophthalmic specialized medication practices. Methods: In this prospective study, 308 hospitalized glaucoma patients were enrolled between August 2023 and January 2024. Clinical pharmacists conducted medication reconciliation using standardized procedures, which encompassed comprehensive medication history collection, medication order review, correction of discrepancies, and structured discharge counseling. Results: Among the 308 patients, MR interventions was required in 104 cases (33.80%), identifying 198 medication related issues. Of these, 57.0% pertained to medication adherence problems, 18.1% involved medication safety concerns, and 24.9% related to medication appropriateness. Following medication reconciliation, medication adherence improved to 95.1% (χ²=27.210, P<0.05), the incidence of adverse drug reactions declined to 1.3% (χ²=22.565, P<0.05), and medication appropriateness issues decreased to 1.9% (χ²=26.251, P<0.05). Conclusions: MR significantly enhances medication appropriateness and adherence in glaucoma management. This evidence-based pharmaceutical care model effectively ensures medication safety and therapeutic efficacy, offering practical insights for extending MR to other chronic ophthalmic conditions.

目的：探究囊袋张力环(CTR)植入对五种新一代人工晶状体(IOL)计算公式[Barrett Universal Ⅱ (BUⅡ), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO), Kane, Pearl-DGS和Hill-RBF 2.0]在高度近视患者中预测准确性的影响。方法：前瞻性病例对照研究。观察2020年12月—2021年9月于陕西省眼科医院就诊的眼轴长度(axial length,AL)≥ 27.00 mm行白内障联合IOL(AR40E, 美国强生)植入术的患者。术眼随机分为植入CTR组(A组)和未植入CTR组(B组)。术前根据IOLMaster700测量眼部参数，使用BU Ⅱ公式计算所需IOL度数。记录术后1周、1个月及3个月实际等效球镜度(spherical equivalent,SE)，计算并比较五种公式预测误差(prediction error,PE)和绝对屈光预测误差(absolute Error,AE)。将A组和B组分别分为A1组(27.00 mm ≤ AL ≤ 30.00 mm)和A2组(AL>30.00 mm)；B1组(27.00 mm ≤ AL ≤ 30.00 mm)和B2组(AL >30.00 mm)，分析不同AL范围内CTR植入对公式预测准确性的影响。结果：共纳入患者63例(89眼)，年龄(55.93±10.17)岁，术前AL为(30.30±2.18)mm。A组、A1组及A2组术后不同时间SE值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，B组、B1组及B2组术后1周与1个月，术后1周与3月SE值分别比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，术后1个月与3个月比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、A1组、A2组、B1组和B2组各组中五种公式的AE值比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。植入CTR后五种公式的预测误差变化比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：对于AL ≥27.00 mm的白内障患者，植入CTR组术后1周屈光度趋于稳定，未植入组术后1个月屈光度趋于稳定。CTR植入对五种公式预测准确性和选择无影响，五种计算公式均可正常选择。

Objective: To investigate the predictive accuracy and effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation with five new generation intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas [Barrett Universal Ⅱ (BU Ⅱ), Emmetropia Verifying Optical(EVO), Kane, Pearl-DGS and Hill-RBF 2.0] in high myopia patients. Methods: This is a prospective case-control study. The patients were enrolled with an axial length (AL)≥27.00 mm, and underwent cataract surgery with AR40E IOL implantation at the Shaanxi Eye Hospital from December 2020 to September 2021. The patients were randomly assigned to the CTR implantation group (group A) and the non-CTR implantation group (group B). With the ocular parameters measured by the IOLMaster700, the IOL power was calculated with the BUⅡformula before surgery. The postoperative actual equivalent spherical diopter (SE) were recorded,and the predicted error (PE) and absolute error (AE) using the five formulas were recorded and compared at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, repsectively. Group A was divided to A1 (27.00 mm ≤ AL ≤ 30.00 mm) and A2 (AL>30.00 mm), and group B was divided to B1 (27.00 mm ≤ AL ≤ 30.00 mm) and B2 (AL>30.00 mm). The effects of CTR implantation and the accuracy of the formulas were analyzed with different AL ranges. Results: A total of 63 patients (89 eyes) were included, aged (55.93±10.17) years old, with preoperative AL (30.30± 2.18)mm. There was no statistically significant difference in SE between groups A, A1, and A2 (P>0.05) at different postoperative times. While there was a statistically significant difference in SE between groups B, B1, and B2 (P < 0.05) at 1 week and 1 month after surgery, and between 1 week and 3 months after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference between 1 month and 3 months after suergery (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the AE using the five formulas among groups A, B, A1, A2, B1, and B2 (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in prediction error changes among the five formulas after CTR implantation (P>0.05). Conclusion: For cataract patients with AL ≥ 27.00 mm, the refractionvalue in the CTR implantation group tended to stabilizeafter one week of surgery. While in the non-CTR implantation group, the refractionvalue tended to stabilize after one month. CTR implantation had no effect on the accuracy and selection of the five formula, and the five IOL calculation formulas can be normally selected.

目的：分析染色体外环状DNA（extrachromosomal circular DNA, eccDNA）的分子特征及潜在功能，初步探索eccDNA在合并人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）感染患者的白内障发病过程中的作用机制。方法：收集4例合并HIV感染的并发性白内障（complicated cataract, CC）患者及性别、年龄与之匹配的4例年龄相关性白内障（age-related cataract, ARC）患者晶状体囊膜，通过提取、滚环扩增及circle-seq对eccDNA进行全长测序，分析比较合并HIV感染的CC患者及ARC患者之间晶状体囊膜eccDNA的数量、长度分布、基因组元件分布及eccDNA相关差异基因功能富集情况。结果：合并HIV感染的CC患者晶状体囊膜中eccDNA数量较ARC患者增多，鸟嘌呤（guanine, G）和胞嘧啶（cytosine，C）碱基所占的比例（GC含量）较ARC患者减少。在CC患者及ARC患者中，eccDNA的长度在1 200 ~1 800 bp均分布最多，CC患者在2 000~2 200 bp之间呈现另一部分高峰，ARC组则在此区间eccDNA丰度极低。CC患者eccDNA来源基因组元件在CpG岛占比低于ARC组。 CC患者组eccDNA差异基因富集的通路多与钙信号通路、Apelin信号通路及cGMP-PKG信号通路相关。结论：合并HIV感染的CC患者与ARC患者晶状体囊膜eccDNA的分子特征存在差异，提示eccDNA可能通过基因表达调控晶状体前囊膜代谢功能影响CC的发生、发展。

Objective: To perform full-length sequencing of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in the lens capsule of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected complicated cataract (CC) and age-related cataract (ARC). The aim is to analyze the molecular characteristics and potential functions of eccDNA and initially investigate the mechanism by which eccDNA contributes to the pathogenesis of cataract related to HIV infection. Methods: Lens capsules were collected from 4 CC patients who were co-infected with HIV and from ARC patients matched for gender and age. The eccDNA was sequenced following a process that included extraction, rolling circle amplification, and circle-seq. We then analyzed and compared the number, length distribution, genomic element distribution, and enrichment of differential gene functions associated with eccDNA in the lens capsules of CC patients co-infected with HIV and ARC patients. Results: The number of eccDNA molecules in the lens capsule of CC patients co-infected with HIV was significantly higher than that in ARC patients, while the GC content was lower.. In both CC and ARC patients, the majority of eccDNA lengths felll within the range of 1200 to 1800 bp. However, CC patients exhibited an additional peak between 2000 and 2200 bp, where the abundance of eccDNA in the ARC group was extremely low. Regarding genomic elements derived from eccDNA, the proportion in CC patients was lower than that in the ARC group within CpG islands. The pathways associated with differential gene enrichment of eccDNA in CC patients were primarily related to the calcium signaling pathway, Apelin signaling pathway, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Conclusions: There are notable differences in the molecular characteristics of lens capsule eccDNA between CC patients with HIV infection and ARC patients.These finding suggest that eccDNA may influence the onset and progression of CC by regulating the metabolic functions of the anterior lens capsule through gene expression.

目的：探讨青光眼日间手术患者的自我管理行为现状及影响因素分析。方法：采用便利抽样法选取2021年9月—2022年5月于广州市某三级甲等眼科专科医院就诊的223例青光眼日间手术患者。采用一般资料调查表、青光眼自我管理行为量表、慢性疾病自我效能量表和青光眼知识学习问卷进行问卷调查。结果：青光眼日间手术患者的自我管理行为得分为(54.03±6.95)分，其中生活调整维度得分最低。慢性病自我效能与自我管理行为呈正相关(r=0.368, P<0.001)。疾病知识与自我管理行为无显著相关性(r=0.077, P=0.252)。多因素线性回归分析结果显示，患者的文化程度(P<0.001)和自我效能(P=0.028)是自我管理行为的影响因素，可解释自我管理行为总变异的12.4%。结论：青光眼日间手术患者具有良好的自我管理行为，较低的自我效能和文化程度是自我管理行为的危险因素，因此应优先提高患者的自我效能，并提供个性化教育。

Objective: To determine self-management and its association with self-efficacy and knowledge among glaucoma patients undergoing day surgery. Methods: A total of 223 glaucoma patients were recruited from September 2021 to May 2022and they were investigated with the Glaucoma Self Management Questionnaire (GSMQ), The Self- Efficacy in Chronic Disease Scale (SECD-6), and the glaucoma knowledge questionnaire. Results: Of the 223 study participants, the study population had a total GSMQ score of 54.03±6.95 with the lowest score found in the life adjustment dimension. The total SECD-6 score was showing a significantly positive correlation with the total GSMQ score(r =0.368, P <0.001). The total score of disease knowledge was without significant correlation with the total GSMQ score (r =0.077, P =0.252). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that self-efficacy (P <0.001) and education level was independently associated with self-management(P =0.028). Conclusions: Glaucoma patients undergoing daytime surgery demonstrated good overall self-management, yet further improvement was required in terms of life adjustment. Low self-efficacy and educational level were identified as risk factors for self-management. Therefore, self-management programs should prioritize enhancing patients' self-efficacy and delivering individualized education.

慢性肝病（chronic liver disease, CLD）是一种或多种损伤因素长期作用于肝脏导致的疾病总称，其影响范围广、患者人群基数大。病毒性肝炎、非酒精性脂肪性肝病和终末期肝病等慢性肝病会累及眼底，造成视网膜渗出、出血等病变；同时眼底结构改变，如脉络膜和视网膜不同层次厚度，也与慢性肝病严重程度相关。对慢性肝病患者进行眼底检查不仅用于防治相关的眼底并发症，也对肝病临床评估及监测具有潜在应用价值。文章综述不同病因、严重程度和药物治疗下的慢性肝病患者可能出现的眼底病变，以及眼底结构功能检查在慢性肝病患者中的临床应用进展，以比较不同眼底检查方法在慢性肝病患者临床实施过程中的特点及适用场景，并提示未来在慢性肝病患者中应用眼底检查的潜在新方向。

Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) is a collective term for diseases resulting from the long-term effects of one or more damaging factors on the liver. It has a broad impact and affects a large patient population. Viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and end-stage liver disease can involve the ocular fundus, leading to retinal exudates and hemorrhages. Additionally, structural changes in the fundus, such as the thickness of the choroid and different retinal layers, are associated with the severity of chronic liver disease. Through fundus examinations in patients with chronic liver disease, not only can ocular complications related to liver disease be prevented and treated, but these examinations may also offer potential value in the clinical assessment and monitoring of liver disease. This article reviews the potential ocular fundus abnormalities in patients with chronic liver disease under different etiologies, severities, and drug treatments. It discusses the progress in the clinical application of fundus structure and function examinations in patients with chronic liver disease. It compares the characteristics and appropriate clinical scenarios of various fundus examination methods in these patients and suggests potential new directions for the future use of fundus examinations in chronic liver disease management.

目的：分析单中心神经眼科疾病谱及流行病学特点，为指导神经眼科疾病诊断和治疗提供基础。方法：纳入2010年1月1日—2021年12月31日中国人民解放军总医院神经眼科病区收治的神经眼科疾病患者，从电子病例系统检索和记录所有纳入病例的年龄、性别、地区分布及病种亚型分析。结果：共计7245例神经眼科患者纳入统计，其中男性3331例(46.0%)、女性3914例(54.0%)，男女比例1∶1.2；年龄(38.2±17.5)岁。83.25%(6031/7245)为传入神经系统疾病，9.92%(719/7245)为传出神经系统疾病和眼眶疾病，6.83%(495/7245)未归类。病种分析显示，占比最高的是脱髓鞘性视神经炎(demyelinating optic neuritis,DON)，为40.17%(2910/7245)；占比第二的是非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变(nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,NAION)，为11.37%(824/7245)；占比第三的是外伤性视神经病变5.15%(373/7245)，其中7.85%(569/7245)表现为不明原因视神经萎缩。从年龄分布来看，DON和外伤性视神经病变患者中18~40岁者占比最高(分别为48.63%和44.24%)，NAION患者中41~60岁者占比最高(66.14%)，小于18岁的未成年患者在遗传性视神经病变中占比最高，比例为48.58%。在2226例DON患者中，视神经脊髓炎(neuromyelitis optica,NMO)/视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,NMOSD)比例最高，为60.02%；髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体(myelinoligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody,MOG-IgG)阳性视神经炎比例为11.68%；多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)和MS相关性视神经炎和慢性复发性炎性视神经病变(chronic recurrent inflammatory optic neuropathy,CRION)占比较低，分别是1.8%和2.25%。DON整体患者中，男女比例为1∶3.08；在NMO/NMOSD患者中男女比例为1∶8；MOG阳性视神经炎患者中，男女比例为4∶5；在非典型视神经炎患者中，男性比例高于女性，为1.28∶1；DON患者中，81.79%患者为中青年，MOG阳性视神经炎未成年患者可达41.15%。结论：DON和NAION是神经眼科传入系统疾病最常见两大病种。

Objective: To analyze the spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of neuro-ophthalmic diseases from single center, and to provide basis for guiding the diagnosis and treatment of neuro-ophthalmic diseases. Methods: Patients with neuro-ophthalmic diseases admitted to the neuro-ophthalmology ward of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021 were enrolled. The age, gender, regional distribution and disease subtypes of all included patients were retrieved and recorded from the electronic case system. Results: A total of 7245 patients with neuro-ophthalmic diseases were enrolled, including 3331 males(46.0%)and 3914 females(54.0%), with a male to female ratio of 1:1.2. The average age was 38.2±17.5 years. 83.25%(6031/7245)were afferent nervous system diseases, 9.92% (719/7245)were efferent nervous system diseases and orbital diseases, and 6.83%(495/7245)were not classified. The ratio of demyelinating optic neuritis(DON)was the highest(40.17%,2910/7245), followed by nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)(11.37%,824/7245)and traumatic optic neuropathy(TON) (5.15%,373/7245). The ratio of optic nerve atrophy with unknown causes was 7.85%(569/7245). Characteristics of age distribution, the DON and TON were more common in 18-40 age group(the proportion were 48.63% and 44.24%,respectively), the NAION was common in 41-60 age group(66.14%), and the hereditary optic neuropathy was common in younger 18 age group (48.58%). In 2226 DON patients, the proportion of neuromyelitis optica(NMO)/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD)-optic neuritis(ON)was the highest(60.02%)and myelinoligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG-IgG)ON was 11.68%, while multiple sclerosis(MS)-ON and chronic recurrent inflammatory optic neuropathy(CRION)were relatively low(1.8% and 2.25%,respectively). In DON patients, the male to female ratio was 1:3.08. In NMO/NMOSD-ON patients, the ratio of male to female was 1:8, and that of MOG-ON was 4:5. In atypical ON, the ratio of male to female was higher than that of female(1.28:1). In DON patients, 81.79% of patients were young and middle-aged, and the proportion of children with MOG-ON(less than 18 years old)was 41.15%.Conclusions: DON and NAION are the two most common diseases of neuro-ophthalmic afferent system.

目的：系统分析脑卒中后视野缺损患者干预方案的相关研究，识别、归纳及总结干预的具体内容、结局指标和干预效果，为临床实践及未来该领域研究提供参考。方法：采用范围综述研究框架，系统检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library共9个数据库。检索时限为建库至2024年4月10日。对纳入文献进行筛选、汇总和分析。结果：最终纳入12篇文献，总结脑卒中后视野缺损患者干预方法及结局指标，干预方法包括替代性干预、补偿性干预、恢复性干预等，结局指标包括日常生活活动能力、日常生活扩展活动能力、阅读表现、视野检查等。结论：目前针对脑卒中后视野缺损患者的干预方案内容多样化、证据质量较低、结局指标不统一，有待进一步开展高质量研究探索最佳训练计划和规范结局指标。未来应不断改进、优化康复策略，建立最佳的多学科结构，制定科学、系统、个性化方案。

Objective: To systematically analyze the related studies on intervention schemes for patients with visual field defects after stroke, and to identify, summarize, and summarize the specific content, outcome indicators, and intervention effects, thereby providing a reference for clinical practice and future research in this field. Methods: Utilizing the scoping review method, a systematic search was conducted in 9 databases: CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. The search encompassed the period from the inception of each database to April 10, 2024. The selected literature was subsequrently screened, summarized, and analyzed. Results: A total of 12 articles were finally included, summarizing the intervention methods and outcome indicators for patients with visual field defects after stroke. The intervention methods comprised alternative intervention, compensatory intervention, and rehabilitative interventions. Outcome indicators include daily living activities, daily living extended activities, reading performance and visual field examination. Conclusion: Current intervention schemes for patients with visual field defects after stroke exhibit diverse content, charaterized by low evidence quality and inconsistent outcome indicators. Further high-quality research is needed to explore optimal training plans and standardize the outcome indicators. In the future, continuous improvement and optimization of rehabilitation strategies should be carried out to establish the best multidisciplinary framework and formulate scientific, systematic and individualized plans.