目的：探讨数字化裂隙灯显微镜作为一种定量分析的工具应用于一维尺寸测量的可靠性。

方法：3 位观察者采用单盲法，分别在 4 倍、10 倍、16 倍、25 倍、40 倍和 4 倍、10 倍、16 倍的物镜放大率下，对游标卡尺上模拟人眼的瞳孔和角膜直径的 4.00 mm 和 10.00 mm 间距，使用国产数字化裂隙灯显微镜进行图像采集和重复测量，对测量结果的正确度和精密度进行比较。

结果：3 位测量者（A、B、C）对 4.00 mm 尺寸的图像进行测量，所测结果均数位于 3.98～4.06 之间。对 10.00 mm 的图像进行测量，所测结果均数位于 10.00～10.04 之间。4.00 mm 测量结果显示，除测量者 A 4 倍、测量者 B 25 倍、测量者 C 16 倍和 25 倍外，测量值与真实值的差异具有统计学意义。10.00 mm 测量结果显示，除测量者 A 10 倍外，测量值与真实值的差异具有统计学意义。比较同一测量者对同一尺寸在不同放大倍率的测量结果，除测量者 A 对 10.00 mm 尺寸的测量无统计学差异外，其余测量结果之间在不同放大倍率下对相同尺寸测量的结果均具有统计学差异。不同测量者对相同物镜放大倍率下的同一尺寸比较，除在 4 倍放大率下对 4.00 mm 测量的结果无统计学差异外，其余测量结果之间的差异均具有统计学意义。所有测量结果的变异系数均低于 5%；随放大倍率的增加，变异系数有降低的趋势。

结论：数字化裂隙灯显微镜作为一种一维尺寸测量工具，具有良好的精密度，在利用其做定量分析前进行测量的可靠性分析有助于减少系统误差对测量结果分析的干扰。

Purpose: To study the reliability in one dimensional size measurement with digital slit lamp microscope as a tool for quantitative analysis.

Methods: Three single-blinded observers acquired and repeatedly measured the images of 4.00 mm and 10.00 mm size on the vernier caliper, which simulated the human eye pupil and cornea diameter, with home-made digital slit lamp microscope, respectively, in the objective magnification of 4 times, 10 times, 16 times, 25 times, 40 times and 4 times, 10 times, 16 times. The correctness and precision of measurement were compared.

Results: Measurements were conducted on the 4.00 mm image size by three investigators and all averages were located between 3.98 to 4.06, and for the 10.00 mm image size, between 10.00 to 10.04. Measurement results of 4.00 mm showed that, except for A4, B25, C16 and C25, the difference of the measured value and the true value was statistically significant. The measurement results of 10.00 mm showed that, except for A10, the difference of the measured value and the true value was statistically significant. Comparison of the same size, the same investigators at different magnification measurements, except for investigator A's measurements of 10.00 mm dimensions, had no significant difference; the others were all statistically significant. Compared the measurements of the same size with different magnification, except for measurements of 4.00 mm in 4-fold magnification, which had no significant difference among the investigators, the remaining different results were statistically significant. The coefficient of variation of all measurement results was less than 5%; as magnification increased, the coefficient of variation decreased.

Conclusion: The measurement of digital slit lamp microscope in one-dimensional size, with good reliability, should be used for analysis reliability before being used in quantitative analysis. 

目的：了解儿童罹患青光眼的疾病类型、特点，更好地做到早期发现早期治疗。方法：收集北京同仁医院2014—2019年度834例0~18周岁住院接受抗青光眼手术的患者，回顾性分析患者的人群特点与疾病构成特点。结果：834例患者中，原发青光眼397例(47.6%)，继发青光眼429例(51.4%)。另有8例无法明确诊断青光眼类型。原发青光眼中以原发先天性青光眼最常见，继发青光眼中以白内障术后继发青光眼为主，两种类型的青光眼占总患者数的50%。结论：儿童罹患青光眼的疾病种类繁多，其中原发先天青光眼与白内障术后继发青光眼最常见，重视婴幼儿先天青光眼的筛查，监测儿童白内障术后眼压有助于早期发现青光眼，并给予治疗，延缓儿童青光眼患者视功能的损害。

Objective: To understand the types and characteristics of glaucoma in pediatric inpatients to achieve early detection and treatment. Methods: A total of 834 patients aged 0–18 years who underwent anti-glaucoma surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2014 to 2019 were collected and their population characteristics and disease composition characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In all of the 834 cases, there were 397 patients (47.6%) with primary glaucoma and 429 (51.4%) with secondary glaucoma. The type of glaucoma could not be definitively diagnosed in 8 cases. Primary infant glaucoma and secondary glaucoma following cataract surgery accounted for above 50%. Conclusion: The causes of pediatric inpatients with glaucoma are various. Screening of primary infant glaucoma should be taken seriously and monitoring intraocular pressure after cataract surgery is also important. Early detection and treatment can prevent further visual loss of pediatric patients with glaucoma.