目的:研究形觉剥夺性和光学离焦性近视豚鼠视紫红质的表达变化,探讨视紫红质表达与实验性近视眼之间的关系。

方法:40只出生后1周的豚鼠随机分为形觉剥夺组和光学离焦组(n=20)，形觉剥夺组单眼戴半透明(半透明薄膜贴于平镜表面)平光硬性角膜接触镜片(Rigidgass-pemmeable contactlens, RCP)，光学离焦组单眼藏-4.0DRGP镜片，另一只眼为对照组。戴镜干预后1、2周各组分别测量屈光度、眼轴长度、玻璃体腔深度，并于上午10~12 点钟取材，实时荧光定量PCR观察视紫红质 mRNA 的变化 Westem-blot 观察视紫红质的变化，进行对比比较,统计分析。

结果:实验干预后1周，形觉剥夺组和光学离焦组与对照组相比各项指标无显著性差(除形觉剥夺组屈光度以外)。实验干预后2周，与对照组相比较，形觉剥夺组和光学离焦组明显发生近视、眼轴延长、玻璃体腔加深(t=22.20、18.32、19.65、15.78、6.18、11.20.P<0.01)：形觉剥夺组视紫红质及其 mRNA 表达均增加(t=17,489、14.31.P<0.05)光学离焦组视紫红质及其mRNA表达无明显变化。

结论:视紫红质的表达可能参与了形觉剥夺性近视眼的形成,而在光学离焦性近视眼中作用有限。

Purpose:To investigate the rhodopsin expression in form-deprived and defocus myopiain guinea pig and study the relationship between the rhodopsin expression andexperimental myopia.

Methods:Fourty guinea pigs were randomized into the form-deprived group and thedefocus group (n= 20 ). Guinea pigs in the form-deprived group wore a diffuser(rigidgass-permeable contact lens(RGP)on one eye since one week after birth. Those in defocus group wore a -4 D RGPon one eye. The contralateral eyes were left ascontrol. Refraction, axial length and depth of vitreous cavity were measured after 1and 2 weeks respectively. Retina were dissected at 10 ~ 12 o'clock in the moring.The level of rhodopsin and its mRNA were observed through Western-blot and real-time PCR respectively.

Result:There is no difference between form-deprived group, defocus group and controlgroups(except refraction in form-deprived group). One week later, there is nodifference between the form-deprived group, the defocus group and the control groups(except refraction in form-deprived group). Two weeks later, eyes in the form-deprivedgroup and the defocus group became myopic. Its axial length lengthened and depth ofvitreous cavity appeared deep. The form-deprived groups showed an increasedexpression of rhodopsin and its mRNA compared to the control groups. There is nodifference between the defocus group and the control groups.

Conclusion : Expression of rhodopsin might involve formation of form-deprived myopia,but has less influence on defocus myopia.

目的：研究调节抑制对不同单色光中豚鼠眼屈光发育的作用。方法：根据光照不同将豚鼠分成蓝光组(430 nm)、绿光组(530 nm)和白光组(色温5 000 K)，每组各8只。各组豚鼠右眼均点1%阿托品滴眼液，每天1次，持续6周。实验前后各测一次屈光度、角膜曲率半径以及眼轴各参数。结果：实验前各组豚鼠双侧眼间及组间同侧眼屈光度差异无统计学意义(约4.25 D，P >0.05)。但实验结束时蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间屈光度差异显著(P=0.0003和P=0.028)，而白光组双侧眼间无显著差异(P=0.7486)。实验结束时各组左眼(P<0.05)、绿光组和白光组右眼(P=0.001)以及蓝光组和绿光组右眼(P <0.001)屈光差异有统计学意义。蓝光组和白光组右眼屈光差异无统计学意义( P =0.072)。实验开始时各组双侧眼间及各组间同侧眼玻璃体腔长度差异无统计学意义(约3.2 mm，P>0.05)。实验结束时，蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义(P=0.0017和P=0.0113)，但白光组双侧眼间差异无统计学意义(P=0.9371)。同时，各组间同侧眼玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。此外，实验前后各组双侧眼间及组间同侧眼角膜曲率半径、前节长度、晶状体厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：1%阿托品加强530 nm单色光促进豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和近视形成的作用，但减弱430 nm单色光抑制豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和远视形成的作用。眼调节反应可能参与了单色光中豚鼠眼的屈光发育机制。阿托品影响单色光中豚鼠眼屈光发育的作用可能是通过抑制眼调节反应实现的。

Objective: To investigate the effect of inhibiting accommodation on ocular refractive development of guinea pigs in different monochromatic lights. Methods: Twenty-four pigmented guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups with 8 animals per group: short-wavelength light (SL, 430 nm) group, middle-wavelength light (ML,530 nm) group and broad-band light (BL, 5 000 K color temperature) group. The right eyes of all animals were treated by 1% Atropine solution once a day for 6 weeks. Measurements of ocular refraction, corneal curvature, and axial length were performed at the start and the end of the study. Results: There was no significant difference in bilateral ocular refraction for all groups at the beginning of the experiment (about 4.25 D, P>0.05) and in ipsilateral ocular refraction among groups at the start of the experiment (P>0.05). But at the end of the experiment,significant differences were detected between binocular refraction of the ML group (P=0.028) and the SL group (P=0.0003), however, there was no significant difference between bilateral refraction in the BL group (P=0.7486).There were significant differences in refraction between the left eyes of any two groups (P<0.05), between the right eyes of the ML and BL group (P=0.001), and between the right eyes of the ML and SL (P<0.001) at 6 weeks.No significant refractive difference was detected between the right eyes of the SL and BL groups (P=0.072). The vitreous length was about 3.2 mm in bilateral eyes of all groups at the onset of the experiment (all inner- or inter-group P>0.05). After the experiment, the bilateral difference in vitreous length was significant in the ML group(P=0.0113) and the SL group (P=0.0017), but not significant in the BL group (P=0.9371). There were significant vitreous differences in right or left eyes among the groups at the end of the experiment (P<0.01). There were no significant inter-group (ipsilateral) or inner-group (bilateral) differences at any time in any of corneal radius of curvature, anterior segment length and lens thickness (P>0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion: 1% atropine can strengthen the effect of vitreous elongation and myopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 530 nm monochromatic light. Moreover, atropine can weaken the effect of vitreous shortening and hyperopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 430 nm monochromatic light. Ocular accommodation response should involve in the mechanism of refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light. Atropine can influence the refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light possibly by inhibiting accommodation response.