目的：探究角膜塑形镜(OK镜)配戴者使用中的镜盒的葡萄球菌及假单胞菌污染状况以及其可能存在的危险因素。方法：于四川大学华西医院隐形眼镜门诊收集镜盒使用1个月及以上的O K镜复查患者，使用问卷调查其基本信息与日常配戴情况，并收集其镜盒。收集的镜盒于无菌操作台内取样后转移入葡萄球菌选择培养基与假单胞菌选择培养基，置于37 ℃恒温培养箱中培养48 h后观察微生物生长情况。结果：本研究共收集受试者52例，其中男15例，女37例，年龄(11.8±2.5)岁。在收集的镜盒中，葡萄球菌的检出率为42%(22例)，其中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为21%(11例)；假单胞菌的检出率为12%(6例)，未发现铜绿假单胞菌，总体微生物检出率为44%(23例)。存放于客厅或书房的镜盒微生物检出率为25%(5/20)，日常存放于卧室或卫生间的镜盒(58%，18/31)。日常护理由家长完成的镜盒微生物检出率为31%(10/32)，由戴镜儿童本人完成的镜盒微生物检出率为65%(13/20)。随着镜盒使用时间的增加，镜盒内微生物的检出率的增加差异无统计学意义。结论：OK镜戴镜者日常使用的镜盒中，葡萄球菌的污染率较高，其中相当一部分是金黄色葡萄球菌。日常护理操作人员、镜盒存放位置是镜盒污染的危险因素。镜盒使用的时间可能是镜盒微生物污染的危险因素，但是需要进一步的实验验证。

Objective: To investigate microbial contamination in Ortho-K wearer’s lens cases caused by Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas and to solicit its risk factors. Methods: Lens cases used for at least 1 month were collected from Ortho-K wearers coming back for after-care in West China Hospital and an interview using preset questionnaire about their demographic information and lens wearing was performed. Lens cases were sampled in clean bench and the samples were then transferred onto Staphylococcus selective agar plate and Pseudomonas selective agar plate, which were incubated at 37 ℃ for 48 h before observed. Results: A total of 52 subjects were recruited, including 15 male and 37 female, with an average age of (11.8±2.5) years. Contamination rate of Staphylococcus was 42% (n=22), in which 21% (n=11) were detected with Staphylococcus Aureus (SA). With no Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA) was detected, the general rate of microbial contamination was 44% (n=23). Contamination rate of cases stored in living room was 25% (5/20), significantly lower than cases stored in bedroom (58%, 18/31). And cases that daily cleaning operated by parents (31%) (10/32) were less contaminated than that operated by children themselves (65%) (13/20). The increase of detection rate of microorganism in lens cases didn’t reach a significant statistical difference with longer use. Conclusion: The contamination rate of Staphylococcus, in which a considerable part was contributed by SA, is high in Ortho-K lens cases. Personnel of daily cleaning and location of case storage are the risk factors of lens case contamination. Length of case use could be a potential risk of microbial contamination but remains to be proved by further research.