目的：分析眼科超说明书用药使用情况，为眼科临床合理用药提供有效、安全的循证参考依据。方法：考察并收集21家爱尔眼科医院集团眼科中心城市及省会级医院备案的超说明书用药情况，同时抽查处方、医嘱用药，对超说明书用药情况进行充分论证评估，参考广东省、山东省等超说明书用药共识、文献，进行统计、分析和归纳，并征求相关眼科临床专家意见。结果：梳理指南、共识及期刊论文等循证医学证据，得出超说明书用药推荐级别1级8项、2级29项、3级24项，并编写了供集团内使用的《眼科医院眼科超药品说明书用药参考目录(2021年版)》，便于临床参考使用。在眼科常用有32种超说明书药品，61项超说明书用药，其中超给药途径32项(52.5%)、超适应证用药13项(21.3%)、超适应证合并超给药途径14项(23.0%)。超说明书品种及超说明用药项目数均以抗菌药物最多，分别为13个(40.6%)品种，26项(42.6%)。结论：眼科因特殊的给药途径，超说明书用药比较普遍，而如抗菌药物注射剂使用眼内注射或滴眼等超说明书用药方式对某些急性眼内感染性疾病起到了很好的治疗效果。规范眼科超说明书用药，是防范医疗风险的必要措施。

Objective: To investigate off-label ophthalmic medications, and provide an effective and safe evidence-based reference for the rational use of ophthalmic drugs. Methods: On the basis of collecting the off-label drug use recorded in 21 Aier Eye Hospital Group which including ophthalmic central cities and provincial capital level hospitals, and spot checking the prescription and doctor’s order drug use, this article conducted full demonstration and evaluation of off-label drug use which referred to the off-label drug used consensus of Guangdong and Shandong, and other literature on the off-label drug use in ophthalmology. The paper conducted statistics, analysis and induction, and solicited the opinions of relevant ophthalmology clinical experts. Results: Sorting out the evidence of the guides,consensus, journal papers and other evidence-based medicine in ophthalmic medication, recommending 8 items of level 1, 29 items of level 2, and 24 items of level 3, we compiled the “Reference catalogue for the off-label drug use in ophthalmic hospital (2021 edition)” within the group which can providing reference for clinical use. There were 61 off-label drugs commonly used in ophthalmology, involving 32 drugs. Among them, 32 items (52.5%) were used by over administration route, 13 items (21.3%) were used by over indication, and 14 items (23.0%) were used by over indication and administration route. Antibacterial drugs were the most frequently used in the varieties and items of off-label drug use, accounting for 13 (40.6%) and 26 (42.6%) respectively. Conclusion: Ophthalmic off-label medications are common owing to the special route of administration. Such as intraocular injection or eye drop have played a good role in the treatment of some ocular infectious diseases. Standardizing the off-label drug use of ophthalmology is an effective measure to reducing medical risks.