目的：评估EYESi手术模拟器在眼科医师专科培训玻璃体手术中的教学效果。方法：招募中山大学中山眼科中心进行专科医师规范化培训的15名学员，开展眼底手术培训课程，随机分为A组、B组、C组，每组各5名学员。以培训开始前进行初次视网膜脱离手术作为基础分数，除玻璃体后脱离项目、视网膜前膜及内界膜项目等基础练习内容外，A组仅接受双手剪刀训练，B组仅接受激光训练，C组同时接受双手剪刀训练及激光训练。最后所有学员再进行视网膜脱离手术项目作为最终考核成绩。记录下学员的每次得分和操作时间。结果：培训后学员视网膜脱离手术得分较培训前提高（P<0.001）。C组与A组学员最终视网膜脱离手术得分高于B组学员（P<0.05）。有内眼手术经验的学员初次视网膜脱离手术得分高于无内眼手术经验的学员，且手术时长低于无内眼手术经验的学员（P<0.05）。结论：EYESi手术模拟器能有效提高眼科医师的手术操作信心及玻璃体视网膜手术操作技能，双手剪刀训练模块是玻璃体视网膜手术培训中的重要模块。

Objective: To assess the instructional efficacy of the EYESi surgical simulator in training ophthalmology residents on vitreoretinal surgical procedures. Methods: Fifteen ophthalmology residents participating in standardized specialist training program at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, were randomly assigned to three groups (A, B, C; n=5 per group). All participants underwent an initial baseline assessment through simulated retinal detachment surgery. In addition to standard training modules covering posterior vitreous detachment, anterior retinal membrane peeling, and inner limiting membrane manipulation, Group A received supplementary bimanual scissors training, Group B underwent laser training, and Group C received both types of advanced training. The final assessments were carried out using the same retinal detachment simulation, with performance scores and operation times carefully recorded. Results: Post-training surveys revealed significant increases in both trainees’ self-confidence and their self-assessed surgical proficiency. Objective performance scores for retinal detachment surgery showed marked improvement after training (P < 0.001). Groups C and A achieved significantly higher final scores compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Participants with prior intraocular surgical experience scored higher and completed procedures more quickly in the baseline assessment than those without such experience (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The EYESi simulator proves to be an effective tool for enhancing surgical skills and boosting operational confidence in vitreoretinal surgery training. In particular, bimanual instrumentation training offers significant educational value in the development of advanced microsurgical techniques.

目的：比较单一EYESi虚拟手术模拟器(Dry-lab)、Wet-lab以及两种方式联合教学在超声乳化白内障吸除显微手术培训中的效果及差异，以期探索更科学高效的教学方式。方法：选取中山大学中山眼科中心接受住院医师规范化培训的1年级住院医师18名，随机分为Dry-lab组、Wet-lab组和联合组，每组各6人，分别接受8次有效Dry-lab训练、8次Wet-lab训练、4次有效Dry-lab训练联合4次Wet-lab训练。培训前后问卷调查评估三种教学方式的模拟效果与学员满意度，并在猪眼模型上考核超声乳化白内障吸除手术的三个主要步骤，以评估学员的培训效果。结果：Dry-lab与Wet-lab训练均能有效帮助学员学习使用显微器械，操作手感较好。但在立体感(P=0.007)、与人眼操作相比近似度(P<0.001)以及对掌握技术的帮助度(P=0.003)上，Wet-lab优于Dry-lab训练；而在缩短培训用时(P<0.001)上，Dry-lab培训更具优势。联合培训模式培训效果优于单一Wet-lab训练(P=0.014)和模拟器培训(P=0.012)，整体满意度高于Wet-lab训练(P=0.042)和Dry-lab培训(P=0.042)。结论：Dry-lab与Wet-lab训练在超声乳化白内障吸除显微手术培训中各有优势，而两者相结合的教学模式更为高效，培训效果更佳，整体满意度高。

Objective: To compare the effects and distinctions among three methods of phacoemulsification training: EYESi simulator (Dry-lab), Wet-lab, and a combined approach, in order to find out more scientific and efficient teaching method. Methods: 18 first-year residents undergoing residency training at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yatsen University were randomly assigned to three groups: Dry-lab, Wet-lab, and Combined. Each group, consisting of 6 individuals, underwent a specific training regimen—8 sessions of effective simulator training for the Dry-lab group, 8 Wet-lab sessions for the Wet-lab group, and a combination of 4 effective simulator sessions with 4 Wet-lab sessions for the Combined group. The questionnaires were administered to assess simulation effects and student satisfaction before and after each training sessions. Additionally, the training effects were recorded in the three main steps of phacoemulsification cataract extraction surgery on a pig eye model. Results: Both the EYESi simulator and Wet-lab were proved to be effective in facilitating the learning of microscopic instrument use with commendable operating experience. However, Wet-lab is superior to the virtual simulator in terms of stereoscopic sensation (P=0.007), similarity to the human eye (P<0.001), and assistance in mastering techniques(P=0.003). Simulator training is found to be more advantageous in shortening the overall training time (P<0.001). The training effect of the joint training mode is better than that of single Wet-lab training (P=0.014) and simulator training (P=0.012), and the overall satisfaction is higher than that of Wet-lab training (P=0.042) and simulator training (P=0.042). Conclusion: The EYESi virtual surgery simulator and Wet-lab training have their advantages respectively in training for phacoemulsification cataract extraction microsurgery, and the combined teaching mode is more efficient, with better training effects and overall satisfaction.