目的：调查眼科学硕士研究生批判性思维能力的现况，并了解其相关因素。方法：采用中文版评判性思维能力测量表(Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version, CTDI-CV)对81名眼科学硕士研究生进行问卷调查，比较不同性别、年级、学位类别、学制的学生批判性思维能力的差异。结果：81名眼科学硕士研究生的CTDI-CV总分为(294.79±29.18)分，表明普遍具备积极的批判性思维能力，但“寻找真相”和“系统化能力”得分较低；不同年级与学位类型的眼科学硕士研究生的批判性思维能力等级分布存在差异。多因素线性回归显示，学位类型与眼科学硕士研究生的批判性思维能力相关。结论：眼科学硕士研究生普遍展现出正性的批判性思维特质，但在特定领域，其批判性思维能力仍有待提高，研究生教育应当采取针对性措施，培养研究生的批判性思维能力。

Objective: To investigate the current situation of critical thinking abilities of masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology and identify the factors affecting the critical thinking abilities. Methods: Using the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV), a questionnaire survey was conducted among 81 masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology. Results: The average total score of the CTDI-CV for the 81 master’s degree postgraduates in ophthalmology was 294.79±29.18, indicating a general possession of positive critical thinking abilities, yet scores in “Truth Seeking” and “Systematicity” were relatively low. There are differences in critical thinking abilities among master’s degree postgraduates in ophthalmology of various grades and degree categories. Multivariate linear regression indicates that degree categories is correlated with the critical thinking abilities of ophthalmology graduate students. Conclusions: The masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology generally exhibit positive traits of critical thinking, yet there is room for improvement in specific areas. Postgraduate education should adopt targeted measures to cultivate the critical thinking abilities of postgraduates.