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两种不同部位强脉冲激光治疗方法对睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼的疗效

Efficacy of two methods of M22 optimal pulsed technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction

来源期刊: 眼科学报 | 2020年3月 第35卷 第1期 15-21 发布时间: 收稿时间:2022/9/23 16:27:05 阅读量:5380
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关键词:
睑板腺功能障碍干眼治疗
meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye treatment
DOI:
10.3978/j.issn.1000-4432.2020.03.02
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目的:对比两种不同部位M22优化脉冲激光治疗方法治疗睑板腺功能障碍(meibomian gland dysfunction,MGD)所致干眼的疗效。方法:回顾性分析汕头博德眼科医院干眼门诊患者105例,包括常规治疗组和改良治疗组两个组别,常规治疗组激光部位为下睑,改良治疗组激光部位为联合上下睑,所有患者行M22优化脉冲光治疗一个疗程(每月1次,共3次),治疗前后均采用keratograph 5M干眼分析仪分析评估患者的泪河高度情况、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)、角膜荧光染色(corneal fluorescence staining,CFS)和睑板腺排出能力等参数。采用t检验分析对比治疗前后变化情况。结果:患者治疗后泪河高度较强脉冲光治疗前明显增高,BUT时间延长,角膜荧光染色和睑板腺排出能力评分均有好转,每组治疗后与治疗前差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),两组间治疗前后各参数差异比较均没有统计学意义。结论:两种不同部位M22优化脉冲激光治疗方法在治疗MGD导致的干眼方面有较好的效果,是较安全有效地治疗方法,两种不同方法治疗效果无明显差异。
Objective: To study the efficacy of two methods of M22 optimal pulsed technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Methods: A total of 105 patients collected from Shantou Balder Eye Hospital were divided into two groups. The treatment position of the conventional group was lower eyelid, the other group was combined with upper and lower eyelid. All patients accepted M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology treatment for three times, once a month. Keratograph 5M dry eye analyzer was used to assess the height of tears river, break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescence Staining(CFS)and meibomian gland expressibility. The results before and after laser treatment were compared using t-test in this study. Results: After treatment, the height of tear river, BUT, CFS and meibomian gland expressibility were improved. There was a statistically significant difference between each group after and before treatment (P<0.01). There was no significant difference before and after treatment between the two groups. Conclusion: The two methods of M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology are effective in treating dry eyes caused by MGD. There is no significant difference in the therapeutic effect between two methods.
干眼症是指任何原因造成的泪液质或量异常或动力学异常,导致泪膜稳定性下降,并伴有眼部不适和/或眼表组织病变特征的多种疾病的总称。2017年国际泪膜与眼表协会(Tear Film and Ocular Surface Association,TFOS)研讨会I I[1]在总结了以往相关研究数据的基础上,更新了干眼症的定义,首次提出泪膜稳态失衡的概念,并强调干眼病的病理生理因素,包括泪膜不稳定、泪液渗透压升高、眼表炎性反应、眼表损伤及神经异常。此次研讨会也将干眼分成以下3型:水液缺乏型、蒸发过强型和混合型。睑板腺功能障碍(meibomian gland dysfunction,MGD),是一种慢性、弥漫性睑板腺异常,通常以睑板腺终末端导管阻塞和/或腺体分泌的质/量的变化为特征[1]。它是蒸发过强型干眼症的主要原因,可导致泪膜不稳定以及眼睛干涩、眼睛刺激、异物感、灼热感、流泪和眼睛疲劳等症状[2-4]。MGD的患病率差异很大,亚洲人群中患病率较高[5]。根据一项调查[6]显示:在中国大陆地区,MGD导致的干眼在所有干眼患者中发病率高达65%。目前对于MGD的治疗尚无统一标准,临床上常用的治疗方法包括眼睑边缘清洁、热敷、睑板腺按摩、人工泪液代替疗法、激素抗炎滴剂和局部或口服抗生素等。这些治疗方法往往只能短期缓解症状,效果不能令人满意[7]
根据以往一些研究[8-10]报道:在MGD所致干眼症患者中进行3~4次下睑周围皮肤的强脉冲光(intense pulsed light,IPL)治疗可以缓解MGD的症状、改善睑板腺分泌、以及延长泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)。在这些报道中,研究者[11]采用的激光部位是下睑周围的皮肤,即两侧耳屏相连接的下睑及鼻中部位置(图1)。前期研究[12]应用最新一代M22强脉冲光仪(以色列Lumenis公司)对4 6例MGD干眼患者也采用常规下睑激光治疗(图1),取得良好的效果。
图1 常规激光组的激光治疗区域
Figure 1 Treatment area of group1
近两年来,一些研究[13-15]将强脉冲光部位应用于上睑和下睑(图2),其效果也让人满意。但目前还没有相关文献比较两种激光部位的疗效。本研究采用最新一代的M22强脉冲激光治疗MGD所致干眼,治疗前和治疗后采用Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪,全面评估强脉冲激光治疗对MGD所致干眼的临床疗效,并对比两种激光方法的疗效。
图2 改良激光组的激光治疗区域(单眼)
Figure 2 Treatment area of group 2

1 对象与方法

1.1 对象

本研究为回顾性分析,收集2017年5月至2019年1 0月在汕头博德眼科医院就诊的MGD干眼患者105例(210眼,同一患者双眼中随机选取一眼进行统计分析), 其中一组是常规的激光治疗,另一组是改良的激光治疗,研究对象中男性 29 例,女性76例,年龄28~85(57.90±12.79)岁。按统一的纳入标准和排除标准筛选患者,并签署知情同意书。
纳入标准:1 )年龄在18岁以上;2 )干眼症状评估(ocular surface disease index,OSDI)问卷评分至少为12;3)符合MGD相关性干眼诊断标准;4)Fitzpatrick皮肤类型1~4型[16]
MGD诊断标准,根据《我国睑板腺功能障碍诊断与治疗专家共识(2017)》,如果以下第1和2项中出现任何一项即可诊断睑板腺异常,结合第3项眼部症状,有症状者诊断为MGD,无症状者诊断为睑板腺功能异常,这部分患者最终会发展为MGD。1)睑缘和睑板腺开口异常;2)睑脂分泌异常;3)具有眼部症状[17]。本研究纳入研究者均有眼部症状。根据专家共识(2017)[17]对纳入患者进行MGD程度分级,分成轻、中、重3个程度。
排除标准:1 )在过去6个月内有任何眼部炎症,眼部手术或眼外伤;2)眼部感染或过敏;3)任何眼睑结构异常;4)任何可能导致干眼症的系统性疾病;5)在参与治疗前4周皮肤晒黑史;6)在治疗区域中发生皮肤癌或色素病变;7)怀孕或哺乳。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 治疗方法
纳入本研究的所有对象均行强脉冲激光治疗1个疗程(共3次,每月1次),常规治疗组激光部位见图1,改良治疗组激光部位见图2,OPT参数:使用Toyos治疗参数,滤光片选择590 nm,脉冲发射时间6.0 ms,脉冲延迟时间50 ms,能量10~14 J/cm2可调,能量以患者自我感觉热与轻微疼痛为界。两组患者激光治疗后均给予睑板腺按摩1次和人工泪液滴眼,4次/d。
1.2.2 测量指标
在第1次激光治疗前及第3次激光治疗后均用keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪对眼表情况进行评估和分析,检查项目包括患者的泪河高度情况、泪膜破裂时间 (break-up time,BUT)、脂质层情况、睑板腺堵塞情况、角膜荧光染色(corneal fluorescence staining,CFS)等客观参数。泪河高度、BUT和CFS等参数均直接由keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪直接得出,脂质层情况分为正常、偏薄和偏厚。通过影像观察结膜面睑板腺的形态和分布,正常情况下白色细长条状腺体应清晰可见,分布均匀,腺体从睑缘一直延伸到接近穹隆部。如果局部没有睑板腺显示,则表明该处的睑板腺缺失。睑板腺排出能力评分采用睑板腺检查器(meibomian gland evaluator,MGE)进行检测,用MGE的压力模拟人眨眼的恒定压力(0.8~1.2 g/mm2),统一了按压的力量,可以标准化评估腺体功能,在每个眼睑检测中央位置5个腺体,评估每个开口分泌物的状况和类型,对分泌物排出难易程度进行观察。评分标准:1 )挤压眼睑,可见全部5个腺体均具有分泌物排出能力(0分);2)挤压眼睑,3或4条腺体具有分泌物排出能力(1分);3)挤压眼睑,1或2条腺体具有分泌物排出能力( 2分);4 )挤压眼睑,无睑板腺腺体具有分泌物排出能力( 3分)[17]。应用眼表疾病指数(Ocular Surface Disease Index,OSDI)问卷调查[18]评估患者主观症状,根据患者出现不同症状的频次进行计分:0分,从未出现;1分,有时出现;2分,一半时间出现;3分,大部分时间出现;4分,全部时间出现。总分为100。OSDI分值越高表明症状越明显。OSDI值为0~12分为正常,13~22分为轻度干眼,23~32为中度干眼,33~100为重度干眼[19]
1.2.3 安全性评价指标
所有受试者每次治疗前后均进行以下相关检查,包括视力、非接触眼压和裂隙灯检查(观察是否有角膜结膜损伤、前节炎性反应等)、眼睑皮肤(灼伤、水泡、色素沉着)、睫毛或眉毛(是否脱落)。

1.3 统计学处理

使用文献[8]报道的常规激光方法,治疗有效率是82%;使用文献[15]报道的改良激光治疗法,治疗有效率是74%。应用PASS软件(版本11.0)设定α=0.05,β=0.1计算两组样本量,算得最小样本量是50例。使用SPSS 20.0统计学软件分析数据。患者治疗前后差异比较采用配对样本t检验,两组间治疗差异比较采用独立样本t检验,对于方差不齐的参数采用秩和检验。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 患者一般情况

两组患者间年龄及发病时间差异均没有统计学意义(P分别为0.94和0.53,表1 ),两组患者性别差异没有统计学意义(P=0.26,表1)。两组患者MDG严重程度分级差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.17,P=0.338,表2)。

2.2 两组患者治疗效果比较

两组患者间治疗前各参数比较差异没有统计学意义(P均>0.05, 表3 )。两组患者治疗前后OSDI,BUT,CFS,泪河高度及睑板腺排出能力评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0001,表3),治疗后各参数均有明显改善。两组间治疗前后各参数差异比较均没有统计学意义(P均>0.05,表3)。

2.3 安全性评价

所有患者治疗前后视力、眼压差异没有统计学意义。传统组和改良组中均有2例患者反映激光治疗时存在疼痛、灼热感等不适,检查发现眼睑皮肤I度灼伤,给予冷敷处理后好转。完成一个疗程后没有患者出现皮肤水泡,皮肤色素沉着。改良组中有1例患者因医师操作不慎发生少量睫毛脱失,患者无不适。所有患者治疗后均没有发生前节炎症反应、眼表损伤。

表1 两组患者间的基本资料对比

Table 1 Comparison of basic information between two groups

表2 两组间治疗前MGD分级比较

Table 2 Comparison of MGD grade between two groups

20230821173240_0027.png

表3 两组病例在OPT治疗前后各相关参数对比

Table 3 Characteristics of routine treatment group and improved treatment group before and after OPT treatment onset

3 讨论

本研究结果显示:两种不同部位OPT激光治疗MGD所致干眼均有明显效果。两组患者治疗效果没有明显差异。两种不同部位激光方法均没有发生严重不良反应,是安全有效的治疗方法。
干眼病最常见的形式是蒸发型干眼,其最主要原因是睑板腺功能障碍。MGD患者通常是由于脂质层的缺乏表现为泪膜成分的不稳定,从而出现眼睛干涩、眼睛刺激、异物感、灼热感、流泪和眼睛疲劳等症状。早在2002年,日本Toyos等[10]偶然发现:接受IPL治疗面部红斑痤疮的患者可以缓解MGD和相关干眼症的症状。此后对于IPL治疗MGD所致干眼的多个研究[8-14]也证明了其有效性。IPL治疗使用的氙气闪光灯发射波长500~1 200 nm的光线,这些光线可以被各种发色团(例如血红蛋白、黑色素和水)选择性地吸收。除了光线,氙气闪光灯还可以产生热量。当前,IPL已被广泛用于皮肤病学[20-21],通过选择性光热作用破坏血管结构、细菌、色素和毛囊,以及抑制炎症介质治疗面部毛细血管扩张、面部红斑痤疮、色素沉着病变和过度毛发生长等病症。既往研究[8-14]中,关于IPL治疗MGD所致干眼的机制可能是:1)热效应软化睑板腺分泌物,改善腺体分泌和排出功能;2 )通过血红蛋白吸收IPL,形成睑板腺周围毛细血管内血栓,进而封闭扩张的毛细血管减轻了腺泡的炎性反应和水肿,减少了炎性反应介质释放;3 )减少睑缘细菌和螨虫的载量等。基于以上可能的机制,既往研究[8-10]采用常规的下睑周围皮肤激光部位,取得不错的治疗效果;也有研究者在临床使用中提出设想:若将IPL直接作用于眼睑,治疗部位更加确切直接,尤其上睑睑板腺腺体更长,数量更多,将上睑纳入治疗范围,可能会获得更好的治疗效果。因此近两年来,有研究者[13-15]使用改良的激光方法对MGD所致干眼进行治疗,也取得不错的疗效,没有出现严重不良反应。本研究比较两种不同部位的激光方法,发现两组患者治疗均安全有效,经过1个疗程(3次OPT)治疗后两组疗效没有明显差异。
两种不同部位激光方法均有效的可能原因是:两种OPT治疗部位均临近睑板腺,均对睑板腺周围皮肤及血管起到相似的作用,即热效应改善腺体分泌和排出功能,封闭扩张的毛细血管减轻了腺泡的炎性反应和水肿,减少了炎性反应介质释放以及减少睑缘细菌和螨虫的载量等。有文献[22]报道,除以上可能的机制,中医学针灸效应可能也参与其中。穴位疗法被认为是通过扩张血管、增加神经肽和调节性激素来治疗睑板腺相关疾病的有效方法[23-24]。研究[22]推论,OPT可以刺激眶周的穴位(包括BL1,GB14,GB20,TE23,ST2,Ex1和GV等穴位),从而改善MGD所致干眼。
本研究的局限性在于:1 )所有干眼相关参数均只有治疗前和一个疗程激光治疗后的2次数据,未能在每次激光治疗后收集相关数据,比如每次激光治疗后的泪河高度情况、泪膜破裂时间、睑板腺分泌评分和角膜荧光染色等。无法对一个疗程中的各参数做一个动态对比,因此不能对两种不同激光部位治疗方法的动态疗效对比。2 )本研究为回顾性病例分析,仅对比一个疗程的激光疗效,对于长期的疗效无法评估。因此还需要一个多中心的、随机对照的长期研究来进一步验证本研究结果。
本研究显示两种不同部位的OPT联合睑板腺按摩治疗都可以改善睑板腺分泌功能,提高泪膜破裂时间,缓解MGD所致的干眼症状,都是有效、安全治疗MGD的方法。在一个疗程结束后疗效没有明显差异。

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余婷, 叶芬, 施宇华, 等. 睑板腺功能障碍患者的视觉质量分 析[ J]. 眼科新进展, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.
YU T, YE F, SHI YH, et al. Evaluation of visual quality in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Recent Advances in Ophthalmology, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.
5、Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, et al. The international work shop on meibomian gland dysf unction: R epor t of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for MGD[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4): 1994-2005.Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, et al. The international work shop on meibomian gland dysf unction: R epor t of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for MGD[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4): 1994-2005.
6、高子清, 曲洪强, 洪晶. 干眼患者睑板腺状况的分析[ J]. 中华眼 科杂志, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.
GAO ZQ , QU HQ , HONG J. Analysis of the meibomian glands condition in dry eye patients[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.
高子清, 曲洪强, 洪晶. 干眼患者睑板腺状况的分析[ J]. 中华眼 科杂志, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.
GAO ZQ , QU HQ , HONG J. Analysis of the meibomian glands condition in dry eye patients[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.
7、Jie Y, Xu L, Wu YY, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among adult Chinese in the Beijing Eye Study[ J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(3): 688-693.Jie Y, Xu L, Wu YY, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among adult Chinese in the Beijing Eye Study[ J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(3): 688-693.
8、Craig JP, Chen YH, Turnbull PR. Prospective trial of intense pulsed light for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(3): 1965-1970.Craig JP, Chen YH, Turnbull PR. Prospective trial of intense pulsed light for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(3): 1965-1970.
9、Vora GK, Gupta PK. Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2015, 26(4): 314-318.Vora GK, Gupta PK. Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2015, 26(4): 314-318.
10、Toyos R, McGill W, Briscoe D. Intense pulsed light treatment for dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction; a 3-year retrospective study[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2015, 33(1): 41-46.Toyos R, McGill W, Briscoe D. Intense pulsed light treatment for dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction; a 3-year retrospective study[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2015, 33(1): 41-46.
11、Dell SJ. Intense pulsed light for evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 1167-1173.Dell SJ. Intense pulsed light for evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 1167-1173.
12、王德贵, 林杜生, 杜光瑾, 等. M22优化脉冲光对睑板腺功能障碍 所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.
WANG DG, LIN DS, DU GJ, et al. Effect of M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Eye Science, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.
王德贵, 林杜生, 杜光瑾, 等. M22优化脉冲光对睑板腺功能障碍 所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.
WANG DG, LIN DS, DU GJ, et al. Effect of M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Eye Science, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.
13、Yin Y, Liu N, Gong L, et al. Changes in the meibomian gland after exposure to intense pulsed light in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients[ J]. Curr Eye Res, 2018, 43(3): 308-313.Yin Y, Liu N, Gong L, et al. Changes in the meibomian gland after exposure to intense pulsed light in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients[ J]. Curr Eye Res, 2018, 43(3): 308-313.
14、Rong B, Tang Y, Tu P, et al. Intense pulsed light applied directly on eyelids combined with meibomian gland expression to treat meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2018, 36(6): 326-332.Rong B, Tang Y, Tu P, et al. Intense pulsed light applied directly on eyelids combined with meibomian gland expression to treat meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2018, 36(6): 326-332.
15、Arita R, Mizoguchi T, Fukuoka S, et al. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory Meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2018, 37(12): 1566-1571.Arita R, Mizoguchi T, Fukuoka S, et al. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory Meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2018, 37(12): 1566-1571.
16、Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality ofsun-reactive skin types I through VI[ J]. Arch Dermatol, 1988, 124(6): 869-871.Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality ofsun-reactive skin types I through VI[ J]. Arch Dermatol, 1988, 124(6): 869-871.
17、亚洲干眼协会中国分会, 海峡两岸医药交流协会眼科专业委员 会眼表与泪液病学组. 我国睑板腺功能障碍诊断与治疗专家共 识(2017)[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.
China Branch of Asian Dry Eye Association, Ophthalmology Group of Ophthalmology Committee of Cross Strait Medical Exchange Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction in China (2017)[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.
亚洲干眼协会中国分会, 海峡两岸医药交流协会眼科专业委员 会眼表与泪液病学组. 我国睑板腺功能障碍诊断与治疗专家共 识(2017)[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.
China Branch of Asian Dry Eye Association, Ophthalmology Group of Ophthalmology Committee of Cross Strait Medical Exchange Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction in China (2017)[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.
18、Ozcura F, Aydin S, Helvaci MR. Ocular surface disease index for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome[ J]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2007, 15(5): 389-393.Ozcura F, Aydin S, Helvaci MR. Ocular surface disease index for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome[ J]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2007, 15(5): 389-393.
19、Miller KL, Walt JG, Mink DR, et al. Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index[ J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128(1): 94-101.Miller KL, Walt JG, Mink DR, et al. Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index[ J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128(1): 94-101.
20、Wat H, Wu DC, Rao J, et al. Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review[ J]. Dermatol Surg, 2014, 40: 359-377.Wat H, Wu DC, Rao J, et al. Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review[ J]. Dermatol Surg, 2014, 40: 359-377.
21、Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H. IPL technology: a review[ J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2003, 32(2): 78-87.Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H. IPL technology: a review[ J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2003, 32(2): 78-87.
22、Zhu B, Jin X. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2019, 38(2): e4.Zhu B, Jin X. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2019, 38(2): e4.
23、Cheng K, Law A, Guo M, et al. Acupuncture for acute hordeolum[ J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 2: CD011075.Cheng K, Law A, Guo M, et al. Acupuncture for acute hordeolum[ J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 2: CD011075.
24、Kim BH, Kim MH, Kang SH, et al. Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review[ J]. BMC Complement Altern Med, 2018, 18(1): 145.Kim BH, Kim MH, Kang SH, et al. Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review[ J]. BMC Complement Altern Med, 2018, 18(1): 145.
25、Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, et al. TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report[ J]. Ocul Surf, 2017, 15(3): 276-283.Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, et al. TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report[ J]. Ocul Surf, 2017, 15(3): 276-283.
26、Nelson JD, Shimazaki J, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, et al. International workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the definition and classification subcommittee[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011,52(4): 1930-1937.Nelson JD, Shimazaki J, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, et al. International workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the definition and classification subcommittee[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011,52(4): 1930-1937.
27、Arita R , Itoh K, Maeda S, et al. Proposed diagnostic criteria for obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Ophthalmology, 2009,116(11): 2058-2063.Arita R , Itoh K, Maeda S, et al. Proposed diagnostic criteria for obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Ophthalmology, 2009,116(11): 2058-2063.
28、余婷, 叶芬, 施宇华, 等. 睑板腺功能障碍患者的视觉质量分析[J]. 眼科新进展, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.YU Ting, YE Fen, SHI Yuhua, et al. Evaluation of visual quality in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Recent Advances in Ophthalmology, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.余婷, 叶芬, 施宇华, 等. 睑板腺功能障碍患者的视觉质量分析[J]. 眼科新进展, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.YU Ting, YE Fen, SHI Yuhua, et al. Evaluation of visual quality in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Recent Advances in Ophthalmology, 2017, 37(10): 966-969.
29、Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, et al. The international work shop on meibomian gland dysf unction: R epor t of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for MGD[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4): 1994-2005.Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, et al. The international work shop on meibomian gland dysf unction: R epor t of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for MGD[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4): 1994-2005.
30、高子清, 曲洪强, 洪晶. 干眼患者睑板腺状况的分析[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2011, 47(9): 834-836. G AO Ziqing , QU Hongqiang , HONG Jing. Analysis of the meibomian glands condition in dry eye patients[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.高子清, 曲洪强, 洪晶. 干眼患者睑板腺状况的分析[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2011, 47(9): 834-836. G AO Ziqing , QU Hongqiang , HONG Jing. Analysis of the meibomian glands condition in dry eye patients[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2011, 47(9): 834-836.
31、Jie Y, Xu L, Wu YY, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among adult Chinese in the Beijing Eye Study[ J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(3): 688-693.Jie Y, Xu L, Wu YY, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among adult Chinese in the Beijing Eye Study[ J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(3): 688-693.
32、Craig JP, Chen YH, Turnbull PR. Prospective trial of intense pulsed light for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(3): 1965-1970.Craig JP, Chen YH, Turnbull PR. Prospective trial of intense pulsed light for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(3): 1965-1970.
33、Vora GK, Gupta PK. Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2015, 26(4): 314-318.Vora GK, Gupta PK. Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2015, 26(4): 314-318.
34、Toyos R, McGill W, Briscoe D. Intense pulsed light treatment for dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction; a 3-year retrospective study[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2015, 33(1): 41-46.Toyos R, McGill W, Briscoe D. Intense pulsed light treatment for dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction; a 3-year retrospective study[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2015, 33(1): 41-46.
35、Dell SJ. Intense pulsed light for evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 1167-1173.Dell SJ. Intense pulsed light for evaporative dry eye disease[ J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 1167-1173.
36、王德贵, 林杜生, 杜光瑾, 等. M22优化脉冲光对睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2017, 32(4): 223-228. WANG Degui, LIN Dusheng, DU Guangjin, et al. Effect of M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Eye Science, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.王德贵, 林杜生, 杜光瑾, 等. M22优化脉冲光对睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2017, 32(4): 223-228. WANG Degui, LIN Dusheng, DU Guangjin, et al. Effect of M22 Optimal Pulsed Technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Eye Science, 2017, 32(4): 223-228.
37、Yin Y, Liu N, Gong L, et al. Changes in the meibomian gland after exposure to intense pulsed light in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients[ J]. Curr Eye Res, 2018, 43(3): 308-313.Yin Y, Liu N, Gong L, et al. Changes in the meibomian gland after exposure to intense pulsed light in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients[ J]. Curr Eye Res, 2018, 43(3): 308-313.
38、Rong B, Tang Y, Tu P, et al. Intense pulsed light applied directly on eyelids combined with meibomian gland expression to treat meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2018, 36(6): 326-332.Rong B, Tang Y, Tu P, et al. Intense pulsed light applied directly on eyelids combined with meibomian gland expression to treat meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Photomed Laser Surg, 2018, 36(6): 326-332.
39、Arita R, Mizoguchi T, Fukuoka S, et al. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory Meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2018, 37(12): 1566-1571.Arita R, Mizoguchi T, Fukuoka S, et al. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory Meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea, 2018, 37(12): 1566-1571.
40、Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality ofsun-reactive skin types I through VI[ J]. Arch Dermatol, 1988, 124(6): 869-871.Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality ofsun-reactive skin types I through VI[ J]. Arch Dermatol, 1988, 124(6): 869-871.
41、亚洲干眼协会中国分会, 海峡两岸医药交流协会眼科专业委员会眼表与泪液病学组. 我国睑板腺功能障碍诊断与治疗专家共识(2017)[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2017, 53(9): 657-661. China Branch of Asian Dry Eye Association, Ophthalmology Group of Ophthalmology Committee of Cross Strait Medical Exchange Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction in China (2017)[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.亚洲干眼协会中国分会, 海峡两岸医药交流协会眼科专业委员会眼表与泪液病学组. 我国睑板腺功能障碍诊断与治疗专家共识(2017)[ J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2017, 53(9): 657-661. China Branch of Asian Dry Eye Association, Ophthalmology Group of Ophthalmology Committee of Cross Strait Medical Exchange Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction in China (2017)[ J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017, 53(9): 657-661.
42、Ozcura F, Aydin S, Helvaci MR. Ocular surface disease index for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome[ J]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2007, 15(5): 389-393.Ozcura F, Aydin S, Helvaci MR. Ocular surface disease index for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome[ J]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2007, 15(5): 389-393.
43、Miller KL, Walt JG, Mink DR, et al. Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index[ J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128(1): 94-101.Miller KL, Walt JG, Mink DR, et al. Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index[ J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128(1): 94-101.
44、Wat H, Wu DC, Rao J, et al. Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review[ J]. Dermatol Surg, 2014, 40: 359-377.Wat H, Wu DC, Rao J, et al. Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review[ J]. Dermatol Surg, 2014, 40: 359-377.
45、Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H. IPL technology: a review[ J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2003, 32(2): 78-87.Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H. IPL technology: a review[ J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2003, 32(2): 78-87.
46、Zhu B, Jin X. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea,2019, 38(2): e4.Zhu B, Jin X. Multicenter study of intense pulsed light therapy for patients with refractory meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Cornea,2019, 38(2): e4.
47、Cheng K, Law A, Guo M, et al. Acupuncture for acute hordeolum[ J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 2: CD011075.Cheng K, Law A, Guo M, et al. Acupuncture for acute hordeolum[ J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 2: CD011075.
48、Kim BH, Kim MH, Kang SH, et al. Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review[ J]. BMC Complement Altern Med, 2018, 18(1): 145.Kim BH, Kim MH, Kang SH, et al. Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review[ J]. BMC Complement Altern Med, 2018, 18(1): 145.
49、本文引用:林杜生, 王德贵, 杜光瑾, 李玲, 周昭涛, 张少斌.两种不同部位强脉冲激光治疗方法对睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2020, 35(1): 15-21. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-4432.2020.03.02 Cite this article as: LIN Dusheng, WANG Degui, DU Guangjin, LI Ling, ZHOU Zhaotao, ZHANG Shaobin. Efficacy of two methods of M22 optimal pulsed technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Yan Ke Xue Bao, 2020, 35(1): 15-21. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-4432.2020.03.02本文引用:林杜生, 王德贵, 杜光瑾, 李玲, 周昭涛, 张少斌.两种不同部位强脉冲激光治疗方法对睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼的疗效[ J]. 眼科学报, 2020, 35(1): 15-21. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-4432.2020.03.02 Cite this article as: LIN Dusheng, WANG Degui, DU Guangjin, LI Ling, ZHOU Zhaotao, ZHANG Shaobin. Efficacy of two methods of M22 optimal pulsed technology in the treatment of dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction[ J]. Yan Ke Xue Bao, 2020, 35(1): 15-21. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-4432.2020.03.02
1、汕头市医疗卫生科技计划项目 (1708211819306)。
This work was supported by Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Shantou, China (1708211819306).()
2、汕头市医疗卫生科技计划项目(汕头博德眼科医院综合眼科)
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    主办:中山大学
    承办:中山大学中山眼科中心
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