随着人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)技术的快速发展，其在医疗领域的应用正带来革命性的变化。白内障作为全球范围内最常见的可逆性视力障碍之一，在管理和治疗方面依然存在着医疗资源不足、诊断精度低、转诊效率低等诸多实际问题。因此，利用AI技术强大的计算分析和智能决策能力，优化传统医疗实践方式，对于保障人们的视觉健康至关重要。该文探讨AI技术在推动白内障分级诊疗新模式方面的应用，包括白内障图像自动分析与识别、远程医疗和转诊支持等，这些应用能够为白内障患者、社会以及政府带来多方面的显著益处和重要影响，有助于提高白内障诊断和治疗效率，缓解医疗资源不均衡问题，优化医疗资源的配置和管理，推动社会健康进步。然而，AI技术的实际应用也面临风险和挑战，应当充分重视和保护患者数据隐私和安全，建立严格的监管和监督机制，并持续加强技术创新，全面评估AI算法的鲁棒性、公平性和可解释性，以进一步提高AI系统的准确度和可信度。

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its application in the field of healthcare is bringing revolutionary changes. Cataracts, as one of the most common reversible visual impairments worldwide, still face many practical issues in terms of limited medical resources, low diagnostic accuracy, and low referral efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to utilize AI technology's powerful computational analysis and intelligent decision-making capabilities to optimize traditional medical practices and safeguard people's visual health.This article investigates the applications of AI technology on a new model of hierarchic diagnosis and treatment for cataracts, including automatic analysis and recognition of cataract images, remote healthcare, and referral support. These applications can bring significant benefits and important impacts to cataract patients, society, and governments. They can help improve the efficiency of cataract diagnosis and treatment, alleviate the imbalance of medical resources, optimize the allocation and management of healthcare resources, and promote societal health progress.However, the practical application of AI technology also faces risks and challenges. It is important to fully prioritize and protect patients' data privacy and security by establishing strict regulatory and oversight mechanisms. Additionally, continuous efforts should be made to enhance technological innovation and comprehensively evaluate the robustness, fairness, and interpretability of AI algorithms to further improve the accuracy and trustworthiness of AI systems.

目的：研究泪腺腺样囊性癌不同病理组织学分型和分级间骨质破坏、神经侵犯和预后的差异。方法：回顾性分析2010年4月至2019年4月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼肿瘤科收治并经病理组织学检测确诊的30例泪腺腺样囊性癌患者的完整病历资料。分析患者的一般病历资料、医学影像学资料、病理组织学检查结果以及预后情况等，并系统研究泪腺腺样囊性癌病理组织学分型和分级与患者预后的关系。结果：30例患者中，病理组织学分型为筛状型9例(30.0%)，实体型10例(33.3%)，混合型11例(36.7%)，其中实性和腺管混合型4例(13.3%)、实性和筛状混合型4例(13.3%)、筛状和腺管混合型3例(10.0%)。病理组织学分级为I级12例(40.0%)；II级4例(13.3%)；III级14例(46.7%)。不同病理组织学分型肿瘤骨质破坏发生率差异有统计学意义(P=0.046)；不同病理组织学分级肿瘤骨质破坏发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.513)。不同病理组织学分型与分级肿瘤神经侵犯、远处转移发生均无相关性(均P>0.05)。在行手术联合放射治疗后，不同病理组织学分型肿瘤的无复发率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实体型的无复发率在36个月内最低(P=0.037)；而病理学分级与手术联合放射治疗后的无复发率无关(P=0.059)。结论：泪腺腺样囊性癌病理组织学分型与骨质破坏发生率和复发率显著相关，其中实体型肿瘤较易复发。而病理学分型与神经侵犯和远处转移发生率无关。病理组织学分级与骨质破坏、神经侵犯、远处转移和复发率无显著相关性。

Objective: To investigate the differences in bone destruction, nerve invasion, and prognosis of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) among different histologic types and grades. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 30 cases of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma confirmed by histopathology who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2010 to April 2019. The general data, imaging findings, histological examination and prognosis were collected and analyzed, with the focus on the relationship between the histological characteristics and the prognosis of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Results: Among the 30 patients, 9 cases of cribriform type (30.0%); 10 cases of solid type (33.3%); 11 cases of mixed type (36.7%), including 4 cases of solid and glandular (13.3%), 4 cases of solid and cribriform (13.3%), 3 cases of cribriform and glandular (10.0%). The histopathological grade was I in 12 cases (40.0%), II in 4 cases (13.3%) and III in 14 cases (46.7%). There was statistical difference in the incidence of bone destruction among different histological types (P=0.046). There was no significant difference in the incidence of bone destruction among different histological grades (P=0.513).There was no significant difference between different histological grades and types and the incidence of nerve invasion and distant metastasis (all P>0.05). After surgery combined with radiotherapy, there was a statistical difference in the recurrence-free rate of different histological types, and the recurrence-free rate of solid type was the lowest within 36 months (P=0.037). Histological grade was not associated with recurrence-free rate after surgery combined with radiotherapy (P=0.059). Conclusion: The histological type of adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland was significantly correlated with the incidence of bone destruction and recurrence rate, in which solid type was more likely to relapse. And the histological type was not associated with the incidence of nerve invasion or distant metastasis. Histopathological grade was not significantly associated with the rate of bone destruction, nerve invasion, distant metastasis, and recurrence.