论著

视网膜母细胞瘤钙化容积 CT 影像特征和临床应用价值

CT imaging features and clinical application significance of calcification volume in retinoblastoma

:-
 
目的:通过计算机体层扫描(computed tomography,CT)平扫和三维重建等利用图像后处理系统软件,评估视网膜母细胞瘤(Retinoblastoma,RB)病灶的钙化水平,并探究其与患者性别、眼别、年龄及影像学分期之间的相关性。方法:选取2022年5月—2024年12月经我院眼眶病与眼肿瘤科手术病理证实及临床确诊的108例RB患者127眼进行分析。应用CT重建和工作站分割技术对眼球、肿瘤、钙化进行分割和采用容积定量分析方法,运用R语言进行统计学处理,比较不同性别(男/女)、眼别(左/右)、年龄分层及影像学分期间的钙化最高CT值、肿瘤钙化容积(calcified regional volume,CRV)、肿瘤容积(tumor volume,TV)、患侧容积(eyeball volume,EV)、CRV/EV、TV/EV、CRV/TV比值的差异。结果:不同性别组其EV比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组RB其CRV、EV、CRV/EV比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);影像分期(眼内期、青光眼期、眼外期组)和晶状体位置变化(位置改变、形态位置密度改变、无变化组)的CRV 、TV、CRV/EV、TV/EV差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。结论:RB患者的钙化沉积水平随着病程推进,在眼球内期、青光眼期至眼外期的不同阶段呈现逐级升高的态势。晶状体位置变化随病情进展、RB患者钙化程度逐渐增加。
Objective: To evaluate the calcification level of retinoblastoma (RB) lesions using image post-processing system software, such as that for computed tomography (CT) noncontrast scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction. Additionally, this study aimed to explore the relationship between retinoblastoma (RB) and patient gender (male/female) , as well as the correlation among ocular (left/right), age, and radiographic stage (e.g., international intraocular RB stage).  Methods: The study enrolled 108 patients (127 eyes) with tumors confirmed by both surgical pathology and clinical diagnosis. These patients received treatment at the Orbital Disease and Ocular Oncology Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University (ZOC, SYSU) from May 2022 to December 2024. CT reconstruction and workstation segmentation techniques were used to delineate the eyeball, tumour, and calcification. A quantitative volumetric analysis method was applied, and statistical processing was conducted using R language (version 4.2.1). Comparisions were made across different genders (male/female), eye segmentation (left/right), age stratifications, and imaging stages. The t-test was applied to analyze the highest CT value, calcified regional volume (CRV), tumor volume (TV), eyeball volume (EV), CRV/EV ratio, TV/EV ratio, and CRV/TV ratio in these tumor patients. Results: There was no significant differences in CT value, CRV, TV,  CRV/EV ratio, TV/EV ratio, and CRV/TV ratio among patients with different eye sides, genders and age groups (P>0.05). Only EV showed statistical significant across different age groups. Statistically significant changes were observed in CRV, TV, CRV/EV ratio, TV/EV ratio , and CRV/TV ratio with respect to both intraocular stage (including intraocular stage, glaucoma stage, extraocular stage) and lens position changes (inculding position changes, morphological position density changes, no change groups) (P< 0.05), No other statistically significant differences were found (P>0.05). Conclusions: In this group of tumor patients, the level of calcification deposition gradually increased as the disease progressed through the intraocular stage, glaucoma stage, and extraocular stage. Lens positional changes were associated with a gradual increase in the degree of calcification in patients with retinoblastoma (RB) as the disease advanced.
论著

眼解剖整合课程在眼科住院医师规范化培训教学中的应用

The application of the integrated course on ocular anatomy in the standardized training teaching of ophthalmology residents

:483-490
 
目的:探索和评价“线上教学-理论小课-Wetlab实操”眼解剖整合课程在眼科住院医师规范化培训(住培)教学中的应用和效果。方法:纳入中山大学中山眼科中心2023年新入培的住培学员93名,在岗前培训时进行眼解剖整合课程教学。在课程前后分别进行测试,评价课程教学效果,并在课程结束后采用匿名线下测试考核和满意度问卷调查的形式对课程的满意度进行调查。结果:培训前(T1)和培训后(T2)总分中位数分别是60分和70分,T1最低分、25%、75%和最高分分别是10、40、62.5和90,T2最低分、25%、75%和最高分分别是30、60、80和100,T2得分显著高于T1得分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.000 1);T1和T2的自信度平均值分别为26.53±5.08、31.83±4.02,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。学员普遍表示对整合课程满意。结论:学员们接受整合课程培训后,对眼解剖学知识的掌握程度有明显提高,对整合课程满意度高。眼解剖整合课程有效性显著,是具有推广意义的教学改革。
Objective: To explore and evaluate the application and effect of an integrated   ocular anatomy course comprising three main components: ‘online preview,’ ‘lecture,’ and ‘Wetlab dissection training’in the standardized training teaching of ophthalmology residents (hereinafter referred to as "resident training"). Methods: A total of 93 new resident trainees from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University in 2023 were included in the integrated course on ocular anatomy during pre-job training. Tests were carried out before and after the course to evaluate the teaching effect of the course, and questionnaires were issued after the course to investigate the satisfaction of the course. It adopts the form of anonymous offline test and satisfaction questionnaire. Results: The median total scores before (T1) and after (T2) training were 60 and 70, respectively; the lowest scores, 25%, 75% and highest scores of T1 were 10, 40, 62.5 and 90, respectively; the lowest scores, 25%, 75% and highest scores of T2 were 30, 60, 80 and 100, respectively, and the scores of T2 were significantly higher than those of T1. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.000 1). The mean confidence of T1 and T2 were 26.53±5.08 and 31.83±4.02, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Participants generally expressed satisfaction with the integrated programme. Conclusions: After receiving the training of the integrated course, the students' mastery of the knowledge of ocular anatomy has been significantly improved, and the satisfaction of the integrated course is high. The integrated course on ocular anatomy is effective, and it is a teaching reform with popularization significance.
眼底影像专栏

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的SS-OCT及SS-OCTA的应用及研究进展

Application and progress of swept source optical coherence tomography in choroid-related diseases

:464-470
 
中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy,CSC)是一种以脉络膜增厚、血管通透性增加为特征的脉络膜谱系疾病,所以对脉络膜的观察对于CSC的监测和治疗非常重要。随着光学相干断层扫描成像(optical coherence tomography,OCT)的发展,对脉络膜的认识有了显著提升,也让我们更深刻地理解了它在眼后段疾病中的重要作用,提高了对各种脉络膜视网膜疾病的诊断能力。近年来,随着扫频源光学相干断层扫描(swept source optical coherence tomography,SS - OCT)及扫频源光学相干断层扫描血流成像(swept source optical coherence tomography angiography,SS - OCTA)的发展,其扫描波长、深度、广度及扫描速度均显著提升,实现了对脉络膜结构的无创定量化评估,推进了对CSC等脉络膜谱系疾病的病理机制的认识和临床管理。文章就近年SS-OCT及SS-OCTA在 CSC 中的应用及研究进展进行总结。主要进展有:发现CSC脉络膜增厚不仅局限于黄斑区,且发现其脉络膜血管及基质成分均显著增加;CSC为双眼受累,而表现为单眼症状;涡静脉回流障碍机制在该疾病中起到关键作用;SS-OCT能进一步对后极部的视网膜下积液进行监测和分析;发现了急性与慢性CSC脉络膜相关参数的改变的不同;最后探究了巩膜机制在该疾病中可能起到的作用。
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is one of the choroidal spectrum diseases, characterized by choriod thickening and increased vascular permeability. Therefore it is very important to observe choroid, as this allows us to monitor it and formulate an appropriate therapeutic schedule. With the development of optical coherence tomography (OCT), our understanding of choroid has been significantly improved. We have got a deeper insight into its important role in posterior diseases, and also the diagnostic capability for choroidal and retinal diseases has also improved. In recent years, the development of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and swept source optical coherence tomography angiogrphy (SS-OCTA) has further advanced our ability to assess choroidal conditions. These technologies offer enhanced scanning wavelengths, depth, breadth, and scanning speed, enabling non-invasive quantitative assessment of choroidal structures. This has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management of CSC and other choroidal spectrum diseases.This review summarizes the application of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS - OCT) and swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS - OCTA) in CSC and its research progress. The main advancements include: choroidal thickening in CSC is not limited to macular area, both choroidal vascular and stromal components are significantly increased; CSC can affect both eyes, although it often presents with unilateral symptoms; impaired vortex vein outflow plays a key role in the pathogenesis of this disease; SS-OCT can further monitor and analyze subretinal fluid accumulation in the posterior pole; differences in changes in choroidal parameters between acute and chronic CSC have been identified; and finally, the potential role of scleral mechanisms in this disease have been explored.
泪器病专栏

曲安奈德在治疗慢性泪囊炎鼻内镜术后造瘘口肉芽增生中的应用

Application of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injections in the treatment of ostium granulomas following endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

:446-453
 

目的:分析慢性泪囊炎患者鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造瘘口术后的远期肉芽增生情况,评价物理清除联合曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)局部注射治疗慢性泪囊炎鼻内镜术后造瘘口肉芽组织增生的效果。方法:回顾性分析接受鼻内镜手术的慢性泪囊炎患者98例115眼。随访收集术后造瘘口肉芽组织增生发生情况,分析肉芽增生与无肉芽增生患者的临床特征。对有肉芽增生的患者26例31眼,根据治疗方式分为物理清除联合TA局部注射组13例16眼和单纯物理清除组13例15眼,比较2组间治疗有效率。结果:鼻内镜术后造瘘口肉芽增生病例共31眼(26.96%)。物理清除联合TA组的治愈率、好转率分别为93.75%、6.25%,物理清除组相应为60%、33.33%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(< 0.05)。结论:物理清除联合TA局部注射治疗泪囊炎鼻内镜术后造瘘口肉芽组织增生安全、有效。

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the formation of ostium granulomas following endonasal endoscopic dacryocytostomy (DCR) in patients with chronic dacryocystitis and to evaluate the efficacy of excision combined with triamcinolone (TA) injection for treating ostium granulosis after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 98 patients (115 eyes) with chronic dacryocystitis who underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.  Postoperative growth of the ostium granulomas was monitored, and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without ostium granulomas. Among these, 26 cases (31 eyes) of ostium granuloma were identified and randomly assigned to either an excision combined with triamcinolone injection group (13 cases with 16 eyes) or excision-only group (13 cases with 15eyes) based on the treatment method. The effective ratebetween two groups was compared. Results: Ostium granulomas occurred in 31 eyes (26.96%). The cure rate and improvement rate in the excision combined with TA group were 93.75% and 6.25%, respectively, whereas in the excision-only group, they were 60% and 33.33%. These differences were statistically significant (< 0.05).  Conclusion: Excision combined with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injections proved effective in promoting the regression of ostium granuloma after DCR.

论著

压核进钩劈核技术在白内障手术培训中的应用研究

A study of the press-and-chop technique in cataract surgery training

:340-347
 

目的:探讨压核进钩劈核技术在白内障超声乳化摘除手术培训中的应用效果。方法:采用回顾性研究。选取2019年1月—2023年12月在广东省中医院珠海医院眼科学习超声乳化白内障吸除术的30名学员为研究对象,所有对象培训周期均为3个月,分为乳化劈核教学组和压核进钩劈核教学组,统计学员第一次完成劈核前的猪眼手术量、第一次完成全部手术步骤前的猪眼手术量、一次性完整完成二分核的次数,培训结束时对学员进行猪眼手术操作考核并记录评分,采用问卷调查对两种教学方式进行评价。结果:压核进钩劈核教学组第一次完成劈核前的平均猪眼手术量为36.69(19,50)个,低于乳化劈核教学组的49.86(29,66)个(U=-3.08,P<0.05);压核进钩劈核教学组第一次完成全部手术步骤前的平均猪眼手术量为58.13(31,79)个,低于乳化劈核教学组73.14(50,90)个(U=-2.66,P<0.05);压核进钩劈核教学组一次性完整完成二分核的次数为14.75(9,22)次,高于乳化劈核教学组6.79(3,14)(U=4.02,P<0.05);压核进钩劈核教学组学员动物眼手术碎核步骤平均分为4.50(3,5),高于乳化劈核教学组的3.71(2,5)次(U=2.23,P<0.05);完整手术考核总分平均分为29.00(23,33)分,高于乳化劈核教学组的23.07(19,28)分(U=3.98,P<0.05)。培训结束时,压核进钩劈核教学组学员评价教学效果调查问卷总评分平均为18.31(15,20)分,高于乳化劈核教学组15.07(12,18)(U=3.69,P<0.05)。结论:核进钩劈核技术有助于学员更快地掌握碎核技术,缩短白内障超声乳化摘除手术的学习曲线,增强学习白内障手术的信心,提高超声乳化白内障吸除术的教学效果和满意度。

Objective:To investigate the effect of the press-and-chop technique in cataract phacoemulsification training. Methods:From January 2019 to December 2023, 30 trainees who studied cataract phacoemulsification surgery in the ophthalmology department of Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhuhai were selected as the research subjects. The training period for all subjects was 3 months, and they were divided into two groups: phaco-chop teaching group and press-and-chop teaching group. The quantity of porcine eye surgeries performed by each trainee before completing the first nuclear chopping, the quantity of porcine eye surgeries performed before completing all surgical steps for the first time, and the number of times of complete nuclear chopping in one attempt were recorded. At the end of the training, the trainees were assessed on their ability to perform porcine eye surgeries and their scores were recorded. A questionnaire survey was conducted to valuate the two teaching methods. Results:The average number of porcine eye surgeries performed by the press-and-chop teaching group before completing the first nuclear chopping was 36.69 (19,50), which was lower than the phaco chop teaching group's 49.86 (29,66);The average number of porcine eye surgeries performed by the press-and-chop teaching group before before the first completion of all surgical steps was 58.13 (31, 79), which was lower than the phaco chop teaching group's 73.14 (50, 90).The average number of complete nuclear chopping in one attempt in the press-and-chop teaching group was 14.75 (9,22), which was higher than the phaco chop teaching group's 6.79 (3,14);The average score of the chopping step of porcine eye surgery for the press-and-chop teaching group was 4.50 (3,5), which was higher than the phaco chop teaching group's 3.71 (2,5);The average score for the press-and-chop teaching group of the complete surgery examination was 29.00 (23, 33), which was higher than the phaco chop teaching group's 23.07 (19, 28).At the end of the training, the average score of the survey questionnaire on the evaluation of teaching effectiveness by the press-and-chop teaching group was 18.31 (15, 20), which was higher than that of the phaco chop, which was 15.07 (12, 18). Conclusions:The press-and-chop technique helps trainees to master the chopping technique faster, shorten the learning curve of cataract phacoemulsification surgery, enhance confidence in learning cataract surgery, and improve the teaching effectiveness and satisfaction of cataract phacoemulsification surgery

眼底影像专栏

音乐在眼底病领域的应用现状及展望

Music in fundus disease: current applications and future prospects

:315-322
 
音乐作为一种非侵入性的感官刺激,凭借其独特的治疗价值在医疗领域的应用日益广泛。文章综述了音乐在眼底诊疗领域的应用现状及研究进展。大量临床研究表明,音乐干预可以显著降低患者在眼科诊疗过程中的焦虑水平,改善医疗体验。在玻璃体腔注射、早产儿视网膜病变筛查、视野检查等不同临床场景中,音乐的应用均显示出积极效果。此外,在眼科模拟手术操作研究中,背景音乐的存在不仅没有对医生的手术操作造成干扰,反而可能通过调节术者的心理状态,优化手术环境。虽然音乐干预效果存在个体差异,不同患者对音乐类型、节奏和音量的偏好各异,但总体而言,作为一种安全、经济且易于实施的辅助手段,音乐疗法在眼底临床实践中展现出良好的应用前景。目前已有初步研究表明,音乐在糖尿病视网膜病变合并抑郁症的大鼠实验模型中可减少细胞凋亡并改善抑郁。未来需要开展更多严谨的随机对照试验,建立标准化的音乐干预方案,以充分发挥音乐在眼科诊疗中的积极作用。同时,也应该重视个体化治疗原则,根据患者的个人喜好和具体临床情况,制定合适的音乐干预策略。
Music, as a non-invasive sensory stimulus, has been increasingly applied in medical fields due to its unique therapeutic value. This article reviews the current applications and research progress of music in fundus examination and treatment. Extensive clinical studies have demonstrated that music intervention can significantly reduce patients' anxiety levels during ophthalmic procedures and improve their medical experience. Positive effects have been observed across various clinical scenarios, including intravitreal injections, retinopathy of prematurity screening, and visual field examinations. Furthermore, studies on simulated ophthalmic surgical procedures have shown that background music not only does not interfere with surgeons' operational performance but may actually optimize the surgical environment by regulating the operator's psychological state. Although the effectiveness of music intervention varies among individuals, with patients showing different preferences for music types, rhythms, and volumes, music therapy generally demonstrates promising potential in fundus clinical practice as a safe, economical, and easily implemented auxiliary measure. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that music can reduce cell apoptosis and improve depression in rat models of diabetic retinopathy complicated with depression. Looking forward, more rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to establish standardized music intervention protocols to maximize the positive effects of music in ophthalmic treatment. Meanwhile, emphasis should be placed on the principle of individualized treatment, developing appropriate music intervention strategies based on patients' personal preferences and specific clinical conditions.
综述

大型语言模型在眼科中的应用

The application of large language models in ophthalmology

:283-294
 
大型语言模型(large language models, LLMs)在眼科的应用为医疗领域带来了巨大的潜力,尤其是在提升诊断效率、优化医患沟通和促进个性化医疗方面。通过自然语言处理技术,LLMs可以协助医生进行临床数据的归纳和分析,可以结合患者的病史、影像资料和症状描述,提供精准的辅助诊断,并在复杂病例中提供参考。LLMs还可以帮助医生快速撰写病历报告,改善医疗记录管理效率。在医患沟通中,LLMs能够通过生成通俗易懂的解释,帮助患者理解疾病状况及治疗方案,缩短医生与患者之间的沟通障碍。在远程医疗场景下,LLMs可通过实时分析患者上传的图像文本信息,提供初步诊断建议,助力医生远程诊疗。个性化医疗也是LLMs的重要应用方向,借助患者的遗传数据和生活习惯,可以帮助医生制定更为精准的个性化治疗方案,并预测手术后的恢复情况。此外,LLMs可以通过与临床数据的不断交互进行自我优化,提升其在眼科诊疗中的智能化程度。尽管LLMs在眼科领域的应用前景广阔,但仍面临数据隐私、模型解释性、语言理解等方面的挑战。未来LLMs将继续作为医生的辅助工具,形成“人机协同”的诊疗新模式,为患者提供更好、更精准的医疗服务。
The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in ophthalmology presents tremendous potential for the healthcare field, particularly in enhancing diagnostic efficiency, optimizing doctor-patient communication, and promoting personalized medicine. Through natural language processing technology, LLMs can assist doctors in summarizing and analyzing clinical data. They can integrate a patient's medical history, imaging data, and symptom descriptions to provide precise diagnostic support and reference for complex cases. LLMs can also help physicians quickly draft case reports, improving the management efficiency of medical records. In doctor-patient communication, LLMs can generate easy-to-understand explanations that help patients comprehend their conditions and treatment plans, thereby reducing communication barriers between doctors and patients. In telemedicine scenarios, LLMs can provide preliminary diagnostic suggestions by real-time analyzing images and textual information uploaded by patients, aiding doctors in remote diagnosis and treatment.
Personalized medicine is another significant application direction for LLMs. By utilizing patients' genetic data and lifestyle habits, LLMs can assist physicians in formulating more precise personalized treatment plans and predicting postoperative recovery outcomes. Additionally, LLMs can self-optimize through continuous interaction with clinical data, enhancing their intelligence in ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment. Despite the broad application prospects of LLMs in the field of ophthalmology, challenges remain, including data privacy, model interpretability, and language understanding. In the future,  LLMs will continue to serve as auxiliary tools for physicians, forming a new model of "human-machine collaboration" in diagnosis and treatment, ultimately providing better and more precise medical services to patients.
综述

人工智能在泪器疾病诊疗中的应用:挑战与机遇

Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of lacrimal disorders: challenges and opportunities

:53-66
 
泪器疾病是一类常见的眼科疾病,其诊疗过程复杂,治疗方法精细,涉及多种临床数据及影像资料。现有研究表明,随着人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)技术,尤其是机器学习和深度学习的发展,AI在泪器疾病的早期筛查、精确诊断和个性化治疗中展现了巨大的应用潜力。AI能够通过高效的图像分析、多模态数据融合及深度学习算法,提供更加精确的疾病识别和治疗方案,并且能够对患者的病情进行定期监测和动态调整,提升治疗效果。然而,其仍面临诸多挑战,如多模态数据融合的复杂性、模型泛化能力的局限以及实时预测和动态调整的需求等,需要通过持续的技术创新、算法优化和跨学科合作来实现。文章对当前AI在泪器疾病诊疗中的应用现状进行了全面梳理和总结,深入分析了AI技术在诊断与治疗中的优势与局限,特别强调了AI与新兴技术的结合在优化临床决策支持系统方面的重要性。通过分析现有的挑战与技术融合策略,文章提出了AI在泪器疾病诊疗中的发展方向,旨在为未来的研究者提供创新性的思路,为眼科领域的临床实践提供有价值的参考,助力泪器疾病的精准医疗和个性化治疗的发展。
Lacrimal disorders are common ophthalmic conditions characterized by complex diagnostic and treatment processes, involving intricate therapeutic approaches and diverse clinical and imaging data. Recent studies have indicated that with the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly in machine learning and deep learning, AI demonstrates significant potential in the early screening, accurate diagnosis, and personalized treatment of lacrimal disorders. AI has the ability to provide more precise disease identification and treatment strategies through efficient image analysis, multimodal data fusion, and deep learning algorithms. Additionally, it enables regular monitoring and dynamic adjustment of patients' conditions, improving treatment outcomes. However, several challenges persist, such as the complexity of multimodal data integration, limitations in model generalization capabilities, and the need for real-time prediction and dynamic adjustments, all of which necessitate continuous technological innovations, algorithm optimization, and interdisciplinary collaborations. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status of AI applications in the diagnosis and treatment of lacrimal disorders, analyzing the advantages and limitations of AI in clinical practice. It especially emphasizes the importance of integrating AI with emerging technologies to optimize clinical decision support systems. By addressing the existing challenges and exploring strategies for technological integration, this paper proposes future directions for the development of AI in lacrimal disorder diagnosis and treatment, aiming to offer innovative perspectives for future researchers and valuable references for clinical practice in the field of ophthalmology, ultimately contributing to the advancement of precision medicine and personalized treatment for lacrimal disorders.
综述

二氧化碳激光技术在眼整形外科的应用

Application of CO2 laser technology in oculoplastic surgery

:45-52
 
二氧化碳(carbon dioxide, CO2)激光通过气体混合物激发产生红外光,组织水分高度吸收后引发汽化和局部热效应,能够精确封闭小血管和淋巴管。这些特性使得CO2激光在组织切割过程中能够最大限度地减少出血,提高术中视野的清晰度,缩短手术时间,并减轻术后肿胀、瘀斑及疼痛。在眼整形外科,特别是处理眼周复杂病例方面,CO2激光展现了显著的优势。文章对CO2激光在眼整形外科中的应用进行综述,包括眼睑肿物切除、泪小管炎治疗、瘢痕治疗、皮肤松弛治疗以及眼袋去除等,旨在为临床医生和研究人员提供关于CO2激光在眼整形外科中的全面参考,帮助其了解该项技术的优势、效果及术后并发症,以更有效地应用于实践并探索未来发展。
The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser generates infrared light through the excitation of a gaseous mixture. When this infrared light is highly absorbed by tissue water, it triggers vaporization and localized thermal effects, enabling precise sealing of small blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These properties allow the CO2 laser to minimize bleeding during tissue dissection, enhance intraoperative visual field clarity, reduce operative time, and alleviate postoperative swelling, ecchymosis, and pain. The CO2 laser has demonstrated significant advantages in oculoplastic surgery, particularly in the management of complex periorbital cases. This article reviews the applications of the CO2 laser in oculoplastic surgery, including eyelid tumor excision, treatment of canaliculitis, scar management, skin laxity treatment, and removal of eye bags. It aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive reference on the use of the CO2 laser in oculoplastic surgery, helping them understand the advantages, effects, and postoperative complications of this technology, in order to more effectively apply it in practice and explore future developments.
封面简介

Schlemm's canal 结构和功能调控的研究进展及其在青光眼治疗中的应用

Research progress on the structure and functional regulation of Schlemm's canal and its application in glaucoma treatment

:-
 
Schlemm管(Schlemm’ s canal, SC)作为房水流出的主要通道,通过调节房水外排来维持眼内压的平衡,其结构和功能的异常与高眼压及青光眼的发生发展密切相关。对SC的研究有助于阐明房水外排阻滞的发生机制、探索促进房水外排新的途径,从而为降低眼压和青光眼治疗的新药物开发提供理论基础。目前,对SC发育和功能的调节机制的认识仍然有限,缺乏针对SC的特异性治疗策略。近年来,关于SC细胞命运决定及其结构发育的细胞学机制逐渐被揭示,功能调控的关键分子靶标也相继被发现,这促进了对SC结构和功能调控的深入理解。此外,作为降眼压药物靶点和针对性手术的创新应用也在不断拓展。文章系统回顾SC的结构与功能研究,总结关键的分子和细胞学调控机制,归纳SC相关药物和手术疗法的最新进展,为青光眼的临床诊治提供了新的思路。
Schlemm管(Schlemm’ s canal, SC)作为房水流出的主要通道,通过调节房水外排来维持眼内压的平衡,其结构和功能的异常与高眼压及青光眼的发生发展密切相关。对SC的研究有助于阐明房水外排阻滞的发生机制、探索促进房水外排新的途径,从而为降低眼压和青光眼治疗的新药物开发提供理论基础。目前,对SC发育和功能的调节机制的认识仍然有限,缺乏针对SC的特异性治疗策略。近年来,关于SC细胞命运决定及其结构发育的细胞学机制逐渐被揭示,功能调控的关键分子靶标也相继被发现,这促进了对SC结构和功能调控的深入理解。此外,作为降眼压药物靶点和针对性手术的创新应用也在不断拓展。文章系统回顾SC的结构与功能研究,总结关键的分子和细胞学调控机制,归纳SC相关药物和手术疗法的最新进展,为青光眼的临床诊治提供了新的思路。
其他期刊
  • 眼科学报

    主管:中华人民共和国教育部
    主办:中山大学
    承办:中山大学中山眼科中心
    主编:林浩添
    主管:中华人民共和国教育部
    主办:中山大学
    浏览
  • Eye Science

    主管:中华人民共和国教育部
    主办:中山大学
    承办:中山大学中山眼科中心
    主编:林浩添
    主管:中华人民共和国教育部
    主办:中山大学
    浏览