目的：探讨近视与双眼视功能状态以及用眼时间的关系。方法：对广州市花都区 219 名 10~12 岁学生进行纵向队列研究，研究对象均于2016年基线检查时进行了眼部生物测定、散瞳下自动验光、主观验光、配镜，并在戴镜2周后测量散瞳验光结果，2017年11月再次重复上述检查。同时做调查问卷收集户外、户内活动时间，进一步比对。结果：219 名学生1年后近视度数加深值为 -1.05±0.44（P < 0.001），眼轴长度1年后增长 0.44±0.31，两者呈正相关（P < 0.001）；近视度数与调节滞后、调节幅度有相关性，同时与周一至周五户外活动时间呈负相关。结论：近视加深速度与调节滞后、调节幅度有关。在用眼时间方面，户外活动时间越短，近视加深越快；户内活动时间越长，近视加深越快。
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between myopia progression and binocular vision functions and the relationship between myopia progression and outdoor/indoor activities. Methods: A 1-year longitudinal study was carried out and 219 subjects were included. Subjects lived in Huadu District, Guangzhou, China. Binocular functions measurements, ocular biometry measurements and cycloplegic refraction were done at the first visit in 2016. Cycloplegic refraction were done 2 weeks after dispensing. The measurements were repeated in November 2017 and information about outdoor activities and indoor activities was gathered by questionnaires for comparison. Results: The myopia progression was measured to be -1.05±0.44 (P < 0.001) in 219 subjects, which was positively correlated with axial length elongation for 0.44±0.31 (P < 0.001) and correlated with accommodative lag and accommodative amplitude. Myopia progression was observed to be negatively related to outdoor activitytime. Conclusion: Myopia progression rate is related to accommodative lag and accommodative amplitude. Outdoor activities could be a protective factor for myopia progression.
目的: 探讨泪膜改变对 Goldmann 压平眼压计测量值的影响。方法: 将 68 例(136 只眼) 受检者随机分为 2 组, 每组 34 例。随机选择一只眼作为实验眼, 另一只眼作为对照眼。A 组的实验眼采用右旋糖苷 70 滴眼液滴眼, B 组的实验眼采用粘弹剂 Viscoat 滴眼。采用 Goldmann 眼压计测量 2 次眼压, 比较滴眼前、后测量值的差异。结果: A 组对照眼第 1、2 次的眼压测量值分别为(14.44±2.68) mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 KPa) 、(14.47 ± 2.69) mmHg, 两次眼压测量值的差异无统计学意义(t = - 0.329, P = 0.744) 。实验眼滴右旋糖苷 70 滴眼液前、后的眼压测量值分别为(14.41 ±2 .63) mmHg、(12.94 ± 2.59) mmHg, 两次眼压测量值的差异有统计学意义 (t = 13.949, P = 0.000) 。B 组对照眼第 1、2 次的眼压测量值分别为(14.29 ± 2.96) mmHg、(14.35 ± 3.12) mmHg, 两次眼压测量值的差异无统计学意义(t = - 0.466, P = 0.644) 。实验眼滴 Viscoat 前、后的眼压测量值分别为 (14.53 ± 3.13) mmHg、(11.18 ± 3.07) mmHg, 两次眼压测量值的差异有统计学意义( t = 22.126, P = 0.000) 。两组的实验眼滴眼后的眼压均呈一致性的下降。结论: 泪膜的改变可以使 Goldmann 压平眼压计的测量值产生偏差。
Purpose: To explore the effect of tear film changes on the intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by Goldmann applantion tonometer.Methods: Sixty-eight normal subjects were randomly divided into two groups (Gruop A and B) , 34 in each group. One eye of each subject by random selection was given Dextran (in Group A) and Viscoat (in Group B) , respectively. And the fellow eyes were used as controls. IOP was measured in all subjects twice using Goldmann applantion tonometer. And the difference between first and second measurements was compared.Result: In the control eyes of Group A, the average IOP of first and second measurements were (14.44 ± 2.68) mmHg (1 mmHg= 0.133 KPa) and (14.47 ± 2.69) mmHg, there was no difference between the two measurements (t =- 0.329, P = 0.744) . In eyes given Dextran, the average IOP of two measurements were (14.41 ± 2.63) mmHg and (12.94 ± 2.59) mmHg, there was significant difference between the two mea-surements (t =13.949, P= 0.000) . In control eyes of Group B, the average IOP of first and second measurements were (14.53 ± 3.13) mmHg and (11.18 ± 3.07) mmHg, and there was no difference between the two measurements (t = -0.466, P = 0.644) . In eyes given Viscoat, the average IOP of two measurements were (14.53 ± 3.13) mmHg and (11.18 ± 3.07) mmHg, and there was significant difference between the two measurements (t = 22.126, P = 0.000) . After being given Dextran or Viscoat, the IOP values decreased consistently in both Group A and Group B.Conclusions: The change of tear film components can affect IOP values by Goldmann applantion tonometer.
