数字眼科技术的蓬勃发展已经渗透于眼科各领域，并为眼科前沿技术研究带来了重大变革。文章对眼科前沿技术研究和发展进行综述，重点关注各项技术的突破和成果，聚焦国内的同时也放眼全球，阐明近年来全球数字眼科前沿技术现状和成果。如人工智能可运用于诸多疾病的精准监测、高发疾病的高效评估、远程医疗的技术支持等，提高了筛查、诊断、治疗等各环节的精确度和效率，减轻了医生的负担，展现了极大的应用潜能。其余各类技术方面，如数字成像技术也取得了飞跃式进展，在手术导航和影像诊断方面实现突破；3D建模技术和机器学习技术在手术设计和提高手术成功率方面立下汗马功劳，为世界各地的眼科疾病患者提供了更为高效、便捷的服务。此外，数字眼科技术还呈现出多元化发展的态势，与多学科协同交流，交叉运用。虽然诸多眼科前沿技术还处在发展初期，距离全覆盖实施仍有一定距离，在算法的准确性和可解释性、医疗伦理、民众接受度、医疗纠纷、临床技术挑战等问题上还存在很多不确定性。但毫无疑问的是，随着医学水平的日益提升，上述技术必会得到不断完善和普及。

The rapid evolution of digital ophthalmology technology has profoundly transformed various fields within ophthalmology. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the research and advancements in cutting-edge ophthalmology technologies, emphasizing both domestic and global breakthroughs and achievements. For instance, artificial intelligence has demonstrated remarkable potential in precise monitoring of various diseases, efficient assessment of high-prevalence conditions, and the technological support for telemedicine, thereby enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of screening, diagnosis, treatment processes, while alleviating the workload of medical professionals. Additionally, digital imaging technology has made significant strides in surgical navigation and diagnostic imaging, while 3D modeling and novel machine learning techniques have contributed to surgical planning and enhanced surgical success rates, ultimately delivering more efficient and convenient services to patients with eye diseases worldwide. Despite the diversified development trends and interdisciplinary collaborations that digital ophthalmology technology exhibits, many of these cutting-edge technology are still in their infancy, facing challenges in achieving high coverage, algorithm accuracy and interpretability, medical ethics, public acceptance, medical disputes, and clinical technical hurdles. Nonetheless, while the continuous advancement of medical standards, it is anticipated that these technologies will undergo further refinement and widespread adoption.

目的：研究调节抑制对不同单色光中豚鼠眼屈光发育的作用。 方法： 根据光照不同将豚鼠分成 蓝光组（430 nm）、绿光组（530 nm）和白光组（色温 5 000 K），每组各 8 只。各组豚鼠右眼均点1%阿 托品滴眼液，每天1 次，持续6 周。实验前后各测一次屈光度、角膜曲率半径以及眼轴各参数。 结果： 实验前各组豚鼠双侧眼间及组间同侧眼屈光度差异无统计学意义（ 约4.25 D，P> 0 . 05） 。 但实验结束时蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间屈光度差异显 （P = 0.0003 和 P= 0 . 028） ，而白光组双侧眼 间无显著差异（P = 0.7486）。实验结束时各组左眼（P < 0.05）、绿光组和白光组右眼（P= 0.001）以及蓝 光组和绿光组右眼（P < 0 . 001） 屈光差异有统计学意义。蓝光组和白光组右眼屈光差异无统计学意义 （P= 0 . 072） 。实验开始时各组双侧眼间及各组间同侧眼玻璃体腔长度差异无统计学意义 （ 约3.2 mm，P >0.05） 。实验结束时，蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义 （P = 0.00 17 和P = 0 . 01 13） ，但白光组双侧眼间差异无统计学意义（P = 0 . 93 71） 。同时，各组间同侧眼 玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义（P < 0 . 01） 。此外，实验前后各组双侧眼间及组间同侧眼角膜曲率 半径、前节长度、晶状体厚度差异无统计学意义（P >0.05） 。结论： 1% 阿托品加强 530 nm单色光促 进豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和近视形成的作用，但减弱 430 nm单色光抑制豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和远视 形成的作用。眼调节反应可能参与了单色光中豚鼠眼的屈光发育机制。阿托品影响单色光中豚鼠 眼屈光发育的作用可能是通过抑制眼调节反应实现的。

Objective: To investigate the effect of  inhibiting accommodation on ocular refractive development of guinea pigs in different monochromatic lights. Methods:Twenty-four pigmented guinea pigs were randomly divided intothree groups with 8 animals per group: short-wavelength light （SL, 430 nm） group, middle-wavelength light （ML, 530 nm） group and broad-band light （BL, 5 000 K color temperature） group. The right eyes of all animals were treated by 1% Atropine solution once a day for 6 weeks. Measurements of ocular refraction, corneal curvature, and axial length were performed at the start and the end of  the study. Results: There was no significant difference in bilateral ocular refraction for all groups at the beginning of the experiment （about 4.25 D, P>0.05） and in  ipsilateral ocular refraction among groups at the start of the experiment （P>0.05）. But at the end of the experiment, significant differences were detected between binocular refraction of the ML group （P=0.028） and the SL group （P=0.0003）, however, there was no significant difference between bilateral refraction in the BL group （P=0.7486）. There were significant differences in refraction between the left eyes of any two groups （P<0.05）, between the right eyes of  the ML and BL group （P=0.001）, and between the right eyes of  the ML and SL （P<0.001） at 6 weeks. No significant refractive difference was detected between the right eyes of the SL and BL groups （P=0.072）. The vitreous length was about 3.2 mm in bilateral eyes of all groups at the onset of  the experiment （all inner- or inter- group P>0.05）. After the experiment, the bilateral difference in vitreous length was significant in the ML group （P=0.0113） and the SL group （P=0.0017）, but not significant in the BL group （P=0.9371）. There were significant vitreous differences in right or left eyes among the groups at the end of the experiment （P<0.01）. There were no significant inter-group （ipsilateral） or inner-group （bilateral） differences at any time in any of corneal radius of curvature, anterior segment length and lens thickness （P>0.05 for all comparisons）. Conclusion: 1% atropine can strengthen the effect of vitreous elongation and myopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 530 nm monochromatic light. Moreover, atropine can weaken the effect of vitreous shortening and hyperopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 430 nm monochromatic light. Ocular accommodation response should involve in the mechanism of refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light. Atropine can influence the refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light possibly by inhibiting accommodation response.

目的：研究阿托品作用下豚鼠眼在不同单色光中的屈光发育情况。方法：24 只 2 周龄 3 色种豚鼠被随机分成 3 组，分别在蓝光（430 nm）、绿光（530 nm）和白光（色温 5000k）中饲养。3 组豚鼠的双眼从实验开始点 1% 阿托品滴眼液，1 次/d，持续 6 周。实验前后测量豚鼠屈光度和眼球生物参数。 结果：实验开始时 3 组各测量结果差异均无统计学意义。实验起始时各组平均屈光度约为 4.3 D。实验结束时白光组平均屈光度约为 4.84 D，绿光组约为 3.47 D，蓝光组约为 6.19 D，3 组间屈光度差异显著，且 3 组前后屈光度变化量比较差异显著。各组玻璃体腔长度在实验开始约为 3.3 mm，实验结束时白光组约为 3.25 mm，绿光组约为 3.39 mm，蓝光组约为 3.17 mm。此时白光组与绿光组玻璃体腔长度相比差异显著，绿光组与蓝光组相比差异显著，而白光组与蓝光组相比差异无统计学意义。实验结束时 3 组角膜曲率半径、前房深度和晶状体厚度无统计学差异。结论：阿托品通过干预豚鼠玻璃体腔长度的变化而影响单色光对屈光发育的作用，但单色光引起的屈光变化方向不受影响。

Objective: To investigate the effect of atropine on ocular refractive development of guinea pigs in different monochromatic lights. Methods: Twenty-four guinea pigs aged 2 weeks were randomly divided into three groups, which were raised in blue light (BL, 430 nm), green light (GL, 530 nm) and white light (WL, color temperature 5000k), respectively. The two eyes of the guinea pigs in the three groups were treated with 1% atropine eye drops once a day for 6 weeks from the beginning of the experiment. The refraction and ocular biological parameters of the guinea pigs were measured before and after the experiment. Results: At the beginning of the experiment,there was no significant difference in every measurement among the three groups. The average refraction of each group was about 4.3 D at the beginning. At the end of the experiment, the average refraction was approximately 4.84 D in the WL, 3.47 D in the GL, and 6.19 D in the BL. The differences in refraction of the three groups were significant, and the refractive changes of the three groups before and after the experiment were significant. The length of vitreous chamber in each group was approximately 3.3 mm at the beginning, but it was approximately 3.25 mm in the WL, 3.39 mm in the GL and 3.17 mm in the BL at the end of the experiment. At this time, there was significant vitreous difference between the WL and the GL, and between the GL and the BL, but there was no significant difference between the WL and the BL in vitreous length. After the experiment, there was no significant difference in the radius of corneal curvature, depth of anterior chamber and lens thickness among the three groups. Conclusion: The effect of monochromatic light on refractive development is affected by atropine through intervening the vitreous length in guinea pigs, but the direction of refractive change induced by monochromatic light is not influenced.

目的：研究调节抑制对不同单色光中豚鼠眼屈光发育的作用。方法：根据光照不同将豚鼠分成蓝光组(430 nm)、绿光组(530 nm)和白光组(色温5 000 K)，每组各8只。各组豚鼠右眼均点1%阿托品滴眼液，每天1次，持续6周。实验前后各测一次屈光度、角膜曲率半径以及眼轴各参数。结果：实验前各组豚鼠双侧眼间及组间同侧眼屈光度差异无统计学意义(约4.25 D，P >0.05)。但实验结束时蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间屈光度差异显著(P=0.0003和P=0.028)，而白光组双侧眼间无显著差异(P=0.7486)。实验结束时各组左眼(P<0.05)、绿光组和白光组右眼(P=0.001)以及蓝光组和绿光组右眼(P <0.001)屈光差异有统计学意义。蓝光组和白光组右眼屈光差异无统计学意义( P =0.072)。实验开始时各组双侧眼间及各组间同侧眼玻璃体腔长度差异无统计学意义(约3.2 mm，P>0.05)。实验结束时，蓝光组和绿光组双侧眼间玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义(P=0.0017和P=0.0113)，但白光组双侧眼间差异无统计学意义(P=0.9371)。同时，各组间同侧眼玻璃体腔长度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。此外，实验前后各组双侧眼间及组间同侧眼角膜曲率半径、前节长度、晶状体厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：1%阿托品加强530 nm单色光促进豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和近视形成的作用，但减弱430 nm单色光抑制豚鼠眼玻璃体腔延长和远视形成的作用。眼调节反应可能参与了单色光中豚鼠眼的屈光发育机制。阿托品影响单色光中豚鼠眼屈光发育的作用可能是通过抑制眼调节反应实现的。

Objective: To investigate the effect of inhibiting accommodation on ocular refractive development of guinea pigs in different monochromatic lights. Methods: Twenty-four pigmented guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups with 8 animals per group: short-wavelength light (SL, 430 nm) group, middle-wavelength light (ML,530 nm) group and broad-band light (BL, 5 000 K color temperature) group. The right eyes of all animals were treated by 1% Atropine solution once a day for 6 weeks. Measurements of ocular refraction, corneal curvature, and axial length were performed at the start and the end of the study. Results: There was no significant difference in bilateral ocular refraction for all groups at the beginning of the experiment (about 4.25 D, P>0.05) and in ipsilateral ocular refraction among groups at the start of the experiment (P>0.05). But at the end of the experiment,significant differences were detected between binocular refraction of the ML group (P=0.028) and the SL group (P=0.0003), however, there was no significant difference between bilateral refraction in the BL group (P=0.7486).There were significant differences in refraction between the left eyes of any two groups (P<0.05), between the right eyes of the ML and BL group (P=0.001), and between the right eyes of the ML and SL (P<0.001) at 6 weeks.No significant refractive difference was detected between the right eyes of the SL and BL groups (P=0.072). The vitreous length was about 3.2 mm in bilateral eyes of all groups at the onset of the experiment (all inner- or inter-group P>0.05). After the experiment, the bilateral difference in vitreous length was significant in the ML group(P=0.0113) and the SL group (P=0.0017), but not significant in the BL group (P=0.9371). There were significant vitreous differences in right or left eyes among the groups at the end of the experiment (P<0.01). There were no significant inter-group (ipsilateral) or inner-group (bilateral) differences at any time in any of corneal radius of curvature, anterior segment length and lens thickness (P>0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion: 1% atropine can strengthen the effect of vitreous elongation and myopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 530 nm monochromatic light. Moreover, atropine can weaken the effect of vitreous shortening and hyperopic formation on guinea pig eyes in 430 nm monochromatic light. Ocular accommodation response should involve in the mechanism of refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light. Atropine can influence the refractive development of guinea pig in monochromatic light possibly by inhibiting accommodation response.