目的：评估超脉冲二氧化碳(CO₂)激光治疗不同类型眼睑肿物的疗效和安全性。方法：纳入50例眼睑肿物患者，其中男12例、女38例。患者年龄4~84岁。肿物类型包括眼睑色素痣、睑黄瘤、分裂痣、眼睑疣等，其中25例累及眼睑灰线，10例肿物直径>10 mm。所有患者接受超脉冲CO₂激光治疗，并进行术后随访。治疗效果通过术后数码照片评估，同时记录术后1个月并发症发生情况。结果：50例眼睑肿物总体治愈率为92%，有效率达到100%。4例眼睑色素痣在治疗后1个月内复发。术后并发症主要包括轻微倒睫(5例)、睫毛稀疏部分缺失(4例)和瘢痕增生及色素沉着(4例)，未出现其他严重并发症。结论：对于眼睑肿物，特别是睑缘肿物及大肿物，超脉冲CO₂激光是一种更为精确、微创、安全有效的治疗方法，可作为眼睑肿物治疗的优选方案。

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrapulse carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser in the treatment for various types of eyelid tumors. Methods: A total of 50 patients, including 12 males and 38 females,with eyelid tumors were included in the study The age range is  from 4 to 84 years, with an average age of 37.9±20.0 years. The tumors found in our study include eyelid pigmented nevus, xanthelasma, divided nevus, and molluscum. Among them, 25 cases involved the gray line of the eyelid,and 10 cases had a tumor diameter greater than 10 mm. All patients underwent ultrapulse CO₂ laser treatment and postoperative follow-up. The treatment outcomes were assessed through digital photos, and complications were recorded one month after surgery. Results: The total cure rate of the 50 cases of eyelid tumors in our study was 92%, with the effective rate reaching 100%. 4 cases of eyelid pigmented nevi recurred within one month after treatment, while all other patients were cured. Postoperative complications mainly included minor trichiasis (5 cases), partial sparse to absent eyelashes (4 cases), and hypertrophic scar with hyperpigmentation (4 cases). No other serious complications were reported in our study. Conclusions: For eyelid tumors, especially eyelid margin and larger tumors, the ultrapulse CO₂ laser is a more precise, minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment method. It can be used as a preferred treatment option for eyelid tumors, and should be promoted widely in clinical practice.

眼睑基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma of eyelid, BCC)是眼附属器中最为常见的恶性肿瘤，近年来，其全球发病率呈持续上升趋势，且患者发病年龄有明显年轻化的倾向，这不仅增加了疾病的公共卫生负担，也对临床防治策略提出了更高要求。本文综述了眼睑BCC在诊疗领域的最新研究进展。在诊断方面，除传统组织病理学检查外，皮肤镜、反射共聚焦显微镜(reflectance confocal microscope, RCM)和光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography, OCT)等新技术的应用不仅显著提升了诊断灵敏度与特异度，更在肿瘤亚型鉴别和边界描绘方面展现出独特优势。在分子机制研究方面，代谢组学揭示了眼睑BCC存在显著的代谢重编程，包括脂质代谢、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD)代谢、多胺代谢以及葡萄糖代谢等多条代谢通路的异常活化。更为前沿的空间代谢组学技术则将代谢信息与组织空间位置相结合，进一步验证了磺酸、羟基吡啶硫酮等特异性代谢物在肿瘤发生发展中的潜在生物标志物价值。治疗方面，除了传统手术治疗之外，放射治疗的技术革新，以及针对Hedgehog信号通路的靶向药物及免疫抑制剂等免疫疗法的突破，为晚期/转移性患者带来了革命性的治疗转机。文章旨在为未来的眼睑BCC预防和治疗策略提供新的见解，并为临床医生提供新的诊疗思路。

Eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most prevalent malignant tumor of the ocular adnexa, has seen a steady rise in global incidence, accompanied by a notable trend toward earlier onset. This trend not only exacerbates the public health burden but also imposes greater demands on clinical strategies for prevention and management. This article reviews the latest research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of eyelid BCC. In diagnostic practice, alongside conventional histopathological examination, the incorporation of novel technologies—such as dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and optical coherence tomography (OCT)—has markedly enhanced diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, while offering distinct advantages in tumor subtype differentiation and margin assessment. Metabolomic analyses reveal pronounced metabolic reprogramming in eyelid BCC, with aberrant activation of lipid, NAD, polyamine, and glucose metabolism. Spatial metabolomics further supports the biomarker potential of metabolites such as taurine and pyrithione in tumor initiation and progression. Beyond conventional surgery, advances in radiotherapy, targeted Hedgehog pathway inhibitors, and immunotherapies have created new opportunities for advanced or metastatic eyelid BCC. This review highlights emerging strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, offering clinicians fresh perspectives for patient management.

目的：评估显微射频消融术治疗异位睫毛的临床疗效和安全性。方法：回顾性分析接受显微射频消融术治疗的18例异位睫毛患者资料，均采用美国Ellman公司Surgitron射频刀进行治疗，术后随访至少3个月。观察指标包括异位睫毛清除率、达到治愈所需治疗次数、并发症、患者满意度。采用Spearman等级相关分析评估患者基线特征与治疗次数的相关性。结果：共纳入18例患者30眼。显微射频消融术的术后即刻异位睫毛清除率达100%。5眼（16.7%）经单次治疗后达到治愈，11眼（36.7%）需要2次治疗达到治愈，13眼（43.3%）需要3次治疗达到治愈，1眼（3.3%）需要3次以上治疗达到治愈。主要并发症包括干眼13眼（43.3%）、睑缘炎症1眼（3.3%），未发现睑缘畸形、瘢痕等严重并发症。患者满意度调查显示非常满意16例（88.9%），基本满意2例（11.1%），总体满意度（非常满意+基本满意）达100%。相关性分析提示倒睫数量与达到治愈的治疗次数呈显著正相关（r_s=0.672, P=0.002）。结论：显微射频消融术治疗异位睫毛具有精确定位、有效破坏毛囊、治疗时间短、创伤小、恢复快、安全性高等优点，患者满意度高，是治疗异位睫毛的有效方法。

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of microscopic radiofrequency ablation in treating of distichiasis and aberrant lashes. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on 18 patients with trichiasis (distichiasis and aberrant lashes) who underwent microscopic radiofrequency ablation treatment. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 months after the operation. The outcome measures included trichiasis clearance rate, the number of treatment sessions  needed to achieve success, complications, and patient satisfaction. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the baseline characteristics of patients and the number of treatment sessions. Results: The study included 18 patients with a total of 30 eyes. Immediately after the operation,  the trichiasis clearance rate achieved through microscopic radiofrequency ablation was 100%. Among the eyes, 5 eyes (16.7%) were  successful treatment after just one session, 11 eyes (36.7%) required 2 treatment sessions, 13 eyes (43.3%) needed 3 treatment sessions, and 1 eye (3.3%) required more than 3 treatment sessions to achieve success. The major complications included dry eye in 13 cases (43.3%) and eyelid margin inflammation in 1 case (3.3%). Notably, no severe complications such as eyelid deformity or scarring were observed. According to the patient satisfaction survey, 16 cases (88.9%) reported being very satisfied, and 2 cases (11.1%) were basically satisfied, resulting in an overall satisfaction rate of 100%. The correlation analysis indicated that the number of trichiatic eyelashes was significantly positively correlated with the number of treatment sessions (r_s=0.672, P=0.002). Conclusions: Microscopic radiofrequency ablation for distichiasis and aberrant lashes treatment boasts serveral advantages, including precise localization, effective destruction of hair follicle, short treatment duration, minimal trauma, rapid recovery, and high safety. With a high level of  patient satisfaction, it serves as an effective treatment method for distichiasis and aberrant lashes.

二氧化碳(carbon dioxide, CO₂)激光通过气体混合物激发产生红外光，组织水分高度吸收后引发汽化和局部热效应，能够精确封闭小血管和淋巴管。这些特性使得CO₂激光在组织切割过程中能够最大限度地减少出血，提高术中视野的清晰度，缩短手术时间，并减轻术后肿胀、瘀斑及疼痛。在眼整形外科，特别是处理眼周复杂病例方面，CO₂激光展现了显著的优势。文章对CO₂激光在眼整形外科中的应用进行综述，包括眼睑肿物切除、泪小管炎治疗、瘢痕治疗、皮肤松弛治疗以及眼袋去除等，旨在为临床医生和研究人员提供关于CO₂激光在眼整形外科中的全面参考，帮助其了解该项技术的优势、效果及术后并发症，以更有效地应用于实践并探索未来发展。

The carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser generates infrared light through the excitation of a gaseous mixture. When this infrared light is highly absorbed by tissue water, it triggers vaporization and localized thermal effects, enabling precise sealing of small blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These properties allow the CO₂ laser to minimize bleeding during tissue dissection, enhance intraoperative visual field clarity, reduce operative time, and alleviate postoperative swelling, ecchymosis, and pain. The CO₂ laser has demonstrated significant advantages in oculoplastic surgery, particularly in the management of complex periorbital cases. This article reviews the applications of the CO₂ laser in oculoplastic surgery, including eyelid tumor excision, treatment of canaliculitis, scar management, skin laxity treatment, and removal of eye bags. It aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive reference on the use of the CO₂ laser in oculoplastic surgery, helping them understand the advantages, effects, and postoperative complications of this technology, in order to more effectively apply it in practice and explore future developments.

目的：利用儿童Glasgow受益调查问卷(Glasgow Children’s Benefit Inventory，GCBI)评估先天性上睑下垂手术后儿童健康相关生活质量(health-related quality of life，HRQOL)的受益，并探索受益的影响因素。方法：验证GCBI中文版评估先天性上睑下垂矫正术后长期患儿生活质量的信效度，并用其评估术后儿童HRQOL受益与性别、手术年龄、术后随访时间等相关性。结果：共178名先天性上睑下垂接受下垂矫正术后儿童完成问卷，结果显示不同性别、年龄均有正性受益，术后短期(<1年)受益更明显(P<0.05)。结论：GCBI中文版具有良好的信度和效度，适用于评估先天性上睑下垂儿童术后受益结果。先天性上睑下垂儿童接受下垂矫正术后不同性别均有正性受益，术后短期(<1年)受益更明显。

Objective: To explore the benefits of children’s HRQOL after congenital ptosis surgery using the Glasgow Children’s Benefit Inventory (GCBI) and the factors influencing the benefits. Methods: To verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of GCBI in evaluating the long-term life quality of children after correction of congenital ptosis, and to evaluate the correlation between the HRQOL benefit of children after surgery and gender, surgical age, postoperative follow-up time, etc. Results: A total of 178 children after congenital ptosis surgery completed the questionnaire. Different genders or ages of children with congenital ptosis both showed positive benefit after ptosis correction, and the short-term (<1 year) benefit was more obvious after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Chinese version of GCBI has good reliability and validity,and is suitable for evaluating the postoperative benefit results of children with congenital ptosis. All the children with congenital ptosis received positive benefit after ptosis correction, and the short-term benefit (<1 year) was more obvious.