目的：探讨并分析青光眼患者积极度的潜在剖面及其关联因素，为临床制订精准干预策略提供实证依据。方法：采用横断面调查法，选取2024年7—10月在中山大学中山眼科中心就诊的202例青光眼患者 为研究对象。研究工具包括一般资料调查表、患者积极度量表、一般自我效能量表及领悟社会支持量 表，应用Mplus 8.3软件进行潜在剖面分析，并采用多因素回归模型探索不同类别患者的社会人口学、疾病相关及心理社会相关因素。 结果：青光眼患者积极度分为两个潜在剖面:“高激活度-主动适应型” (33.66%)、“低激活度-应对依赖型”(66.34%)。多因素分析结果显示，居住地为城市、月收入较高、晚期视野缺损、手术次数≥3次、一般自我效能较高以及社会支持水平较好的患者，更可能归属于“高激活 度-主动适应型” (P<0.05)。结论：青光眼患者积极度整体处于中等偏下水平，以“低激活度–应对依赖 型”为主导。提示医护人员应重视青光眼患者积极度的评估，并基于潜在类别及相关因素，从增强自 我效能、拓展社会支持、加强健康教育等方面入手，为不同类别患者制订个性化、有针对性的干预方 案，从而有效提升青光眼患者的积极度水平及其疾病自我管理能力，以期改善长期治疗依从性与生活质量。

Objective: To explore and analyze the latent profiles of glaucoma patient activation and their associated factors, providing empirical evidence for developing precise clinical intervention strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, involving 202 glaucoma patients recruited from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, between July and October 2024. The study utilized the General Information Questionnaire, the Patient Activation Measure, the General Self-Efffcacy Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Latent proffle analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3 software to identify distinct profiles of patient activation, and a multivariate regression model was employed to explore the sociodemographic, disease-related, and psychosocial factors associated with different proffles. Results: TTe patient activation in glaucoma patients was categorized into two latent proffles: "High Activation–Active Adaptation Type" (33.66%) and "Low Activation–Coping Dependent Type" (66.34%). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients who were urban residents, had higher monthly income, presented with advanced visual field defects, underwent three or more surgeries, reported higher general self-efffcacy, and had better perceived social support were more likely to belong to the "High Activation–Active Adaptation Type" (P<0.05). Conclusions: TTe overall level of patient activation in glaucoma patients is moderate to low, predominantly characterized by the "Low Activation–Coping Dependent Type." TTis suggests that healthcare professionals should prioritize the assessment of patient activation in glaucoma care. Based on the identiffed latent proffles and their associated factors, personalized and targeted intervention strategies—such as enhancing self-efffcacy, expanding social support, and strengthening health education—should be developed for different patient subtypes. TTese efforts are essential to effectively improve patient activation levels and disease self-management capabilities, thereby enhancing long-term treatment adherence and quality of life.

10% 水合氯醛是最常用的小儿镇静药之一，广泛应用于眼科小儿检查和治疗前。对于年龄小、不配合的患儿，如何合理、安全使用水合氯醛，提高其镇静效果，减少其并发症发生，笔者总结护理心得如下：使用前对小儿进行全身的评估和家长的准备，使用时要掌握口服或灌肠的操作技巧，使用后要注意观察小儿的全身反应、用药效果和做好家长的宣教。

10% chloral hydrate is one of the most commonly used pediatric sedatives, which is widely used before ophthalmic pediatric examination and treatment. For young uncooperative children, how to use chloral hydrate reasonably and safely to improve their sedative effect and reduce the occurrence of complications, we summarized the nursing experiences, including evaluating child’s whole body and the preparation of parents before its use; mastering operative techniques of oral or enema route of admission in its use; paying attention to observe the child's systemic response and efficacy of drug, and patient education