眶尖部肿瘤为眼科罕见疾病，但因其所处位置特殊，对机体，特别是视神经功能危害极大，错误的诊断、不规范合理的治疗不仅不能解决问题，甚至会对机体造成严重的不可挽回的损害。目前针对眶尖部肿瘤的诊断、治疗多建立在医生的主观认知与经验的基础上，尚未达成共识。本文通过分析眶尖部肿瘤的临床特点，结合以往漏诊、误诊、误治的临床案例，阐述眶尖肿瘤正确诊断的关键要点；同时，结合不同临床案例，客观分析治疗方案，尤其是手术方式、路径，为眶尖部肿瘤的合理化治疗提供依据，以期规范眶尖部肿瘤的诊断和治疗，提高治疗成功率。

Although orbital apical tumor is a rare ophthalmic disease, its special location can cause great harm to the body, especially to the function of the optic nerve. Misdiagnosis and improper treatment are not only unable to solve the problem, but also irretrievably harmful to the body. At present, there is no consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of orbital apical tumors, which are mostly based on subjective cognition and experience of doctors. In this paper, the clinical characters of orbital apical tumors were analyzed through the past clinical cases of misdiagnosis and mistreatment, and the key points of proper diagnosis of orbital apical tumors were expounded. Meanwhile, by combining with different clinical cases, the treatment plans, especially the surgical approaches, were analysed to provide a basis for the appropriate treatment of orbital apical tumors, in order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of orbital apex tumor, and improve the success rate of treatment.

晶状体诱导性青光眼(lens-induced glaucoma，LIG)是因晶状体蛋白相关或解剖学异常引起的一类继发性青光眼。基于发病机制，分为晶状体溶解性青光眼、晶状体颗粒性青光眼、晶状体过敏性青光眼、晶体膨胀性青光眼、瞳孔阻滞性青光眼等几类，房角可能是开放或关闭的。高分子量晶状体蛋白、晶状体颗粒释放、瞳孔阻滞、晶体体积增大是引起青光眼的机制。其病因包括膨胀期、成熟期或过熟期白内障，眼部手术和外伤，各种晶体脱位等。流行病学在发达国家和发展中国家各不相同。以视力下降、眼红、单侧眼痛等为主要临床表现，可产生青光眼性不可逆视功能损害。眼部超声检查对其诊断有帮助。需要和急性闭角型青光眼、睫状环阻滞性青光眼、脉络膜上腔出血、外伤或术后眼内炎等疾病相鉴别。治疗方法是去除晶体刺激物质，从而控制眼压。

Lens-induced glaucoma (LIG) is a kind of secondary glaucoma caused by lens proteins or anatomic abnormality of the lens. Based on the pathogenesis, LIG is classified as phacolytic glaucoma, lens-particle induced glaucoma, phacoanaphylactic glaucoma, phacomorphic glaucoma, pupillary block glaucoma. The angle may be open or closed. High-molecular-weight lens protein, release of lens particles, and pupillary block, increase in the volume of the cataractous lens are the mechanisms of glaucoma. Its pathogensis includes intumescent cataracts, mature senile cataract, hyper-mature senile cataracts, surgery and trauma in eyes, and dislocation of lens. The epidemiology varies across developed and developing countries. The common symptom includes diminution of vision, redness of the eye, and unilateral eye pain. It can cause glaucomatous irreversible visual impairment. Ocular ultrasonography is helpful for its diagnosis. Differential diagnosis includes acute angle-closure glaucoma, ciliary block glaucoma, supra-choroidal hemorrhage, post-traumatic or postoperative endophthalmitis. The management is the removal of inciting lenticular matter to control intraocular pressure