目的：分析眼科护理对人工智能技术应用的内在需求，为眼科医院临床的人工智能技术开发及应用提供导向与依据。方法：采用整群抽样和单纯随机抽样相结合的方法，于2019年7月至2019年8月，对抽取的中山大学中山眼科中心，中山大学附属第一医院、珠海市人民医院、无锡人民医院、新疆维吾尔族自治区人民医院等目标医院其中的眼科护理人员进行问卷调查，内容包括一般资料及人工智能需求等。结果：调查对象绝大部分来自三级甲等医院(89.2%)，以华南地区为主(87.2%)，人工智能在眼科临床护理应用的需求多种多样，其中以健康教育、接诊与分诊、患者回访领域需求最强烈，分别占比95.7%、93.5%、93.2%。结论：人工智能在眼科临床护理应用有较强及多样化的需求，应结合实际需求为导向，重点推进人工智能在眼科患者健康教育等相关应用的研发。
Objective: To analyze the internal demands of the application of artificial intelligence technology to ophthalmic care, and provide guidance and basis for the development and application of artificial intelligence technology in ophthalmic hospitals. Methods: Using the method of combining cluster sampling with simple random sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the ophthalmic nursing staff in the selected target hospitals from July to August 2019, which included general information and artificial intelligence needs. Results: Most of the respondents came from the third-class hospitals (89.2%), and hospitals in South China account for 87.2% of them. There are diverse demands of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology clinical nursing applications, including health education, clinical reception and triage, patients return visits, which have the strongest demand for the artificial intelligence, accounting for 95.7%, 93.5%, and 93.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmic clinical nursing has strong and diversified demands, and the research and development of artificial intelligence in the health education of ophthalmic patients and other related applications should be promoted according to the actual demands.
目的：建立眼科专科护理门诊及探讨其实施效果。方法：调查2020年7月开展眼科护理门诊以来至2022年3月就诊的206例患者满意度和健康知识知晓率，并由医生、护士对眼科专科护理门诊的实践效果进行评价。结果：206例患者满意度较好，总分在90以上；眼科专科护理门诊针对患者问题提供个体化护理服务，进行眼部检查206人次，健康教育206人次，滴眼药水、涂眼药膏操作示范184人次，术后特殊体位指导38人次，滤过泡按摩26人次，为患者提供了多元化护理服务；同行评价显示眼科护理门诊体现了护士的专业价值；患者就诊后的健康知识知晓率明显高于就诊前，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论：眼科专科护理门诊的开设满足了患者多元化护理服务需求，提高了患者满意度和健康知识知晓率，提升了护士的自我价值感，为专科护士提供了职业发展平台，促进了眼科专科护理的发展。
Objective: To explore the establishment and effect of ophthalmology specialist nursing clinic. Methods: To Investigate the satisfaction and the awareness rate of health knowledge of 206 patients who visited ophthalmology specialist nursing clinic from July 2020 to March 2022. Doctors and nurses were investigated for evaluation of the clinic. Results: A total of 206 patients were satisfied with a total score of 90 points or more; the ophthalmology specialist nursing clinic provided individualized nursing services for patients’ problems, conducted 206 eye examinations and 206 health education, and demonstrated the operation of eye drops and eye ointment 184 times. 38 patients received post-operative special posture guidance and 26 patients received filter bubble massages. The clinic provided patients with diversified nursing services. Peer reviews showed that the ophthalmological care clinic reflects the professional value of nurses; the awareness rate of health knowledge after the patient’s visit was significantly higher than that before the visit, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The establishment of ophthalmology specialist nursing clinic meets patients for diversified nursing services, improves patients’ satisfaction and health knowledge awareness rate, and improves nurses’ sense of self-worth. Furthermore, it provides a career development platform for specialist nurses and promotes the development of ophthalmic specialist nursing.
目的：探讨“破窗理论”在手术室护理安全管理中的应用，为构建手术期间质量安全保障体系提 供新的管理依据。方法：于2019年2月至2020年6月组织佛山市三水区人民医院手术室医护人员对 “破窗理论”进行学习，调查分析护理质量、护理满意度以及手术室护理中出现的安全问题，进 而分析“破窗理论”在手术室护理安全管理中的应用效果。结果：实施前不安全事件发生率高于 实施后(16.00% vs 4.00%，P<0.05)。实施后手术室护理安全管理、药物使用规范性、感染控制程 度、基础护理质量评分高于实施前(P<0.05)。与实施前相比，实施后手术医生、医护人员、患者 满意度明显上升(P<0.05)。结论：“破窗理论”在传统护理的基础上提供了一种更为积极的干预 模式，其在护理安全管理中的应用值得进一步推广应用。
Objective: To provide a new management system to increase the quality and safety during the operation through applicating the broken window theory in the operating room nursing quality management. Methods: From February 2019 to June 2020, we organized medical staff in the operating room to study the broken window theory, investigated the nursing quality, nursing satisfaction and safety problems in operating room nursing, and then analyze the application effect of the theory in the nursing safety management. Results: The incidence of unsafe events before implementation of the broken window theory were significantly higher than that after the implementation (16.0% vs 4.0%, P<0.05). After the implementation, the scores of nursing safety management, standardized drug use, infection control and basic nursing quality in the operating room were higher than those before the implementation (P<0.05). The satisfaction of surgeons, medical staff and patients increased significantly after implementation as compared with before implementation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The broken window theory effectively provides a more active intervention model than traditional care, and it deserves further application in nursing safety management.
目的：了解重度视力损伤和盲患者居家的主要护理问题及护理需求的内容，为医护人员制订居家照护支持计划提供依据。方法：采用描述性质性研究方法，于2020年4至9月对在广州市某三甲眼科专科医院的20例重度视力损伤和盲的住院患者进行面对面的半结构式访谈，采用归纳式内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果：重度视力损伤和盲患者居家的主要护理问题有日常生活自理的能力缺失、外出社交活动受限和难以适应家庭角色的改变；护理需求包括希望医院提供多维度的疾病相关知识和提供多渠道的医疗咨询服务。结论：重度视力损伤和盲患者居家照护存在诸多的护理问题及需求，患者希望得到多维度相关知识和多渠道医疗咨询，医院、社区应该高度重视此类患者，同时给予相应的指导和帮助，从而提高患者的居家生活质量。
Objective: To explore the main nursing problems and demands of patients with severe visual impairment or blindness, so as to provide the basis for health staff to formulate home care support plans of high quality. Methods: By using a descriptive qualitative method, face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted among 20 patients with severe visual impairment or blindness who were hospitalized in the top-grade ophthalmic hospital in Guangzhou from April to September 2020. The inductive content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results: The main nursing problems of these patients were the lack of self-care ability, limited social activities, and difficulty in adapting to changes in family roles. Nursing needs include the hope that hospitals can provide multidimensional disease-related knowledge and multi-channel medical consulting services. Conclusion: Patients with severe visual impairment or blindness have many problems and needs in home care. They would like to obtain multi-dimensional knowledge and receive multi-channel medical consultation. Health staff from hospitals and communities should attach great importance to these patients, as well as provide appropriate guidance and assistance, so as to improve their activities of daily living.
目的：总结大批量白内障扶贫手术的护理安全管理经验。方法：回顾性分析2013至2016年中山大学中山眼科中心医疗队完成大批量白内障扶贫手术的经验、针对下乡扶贫的特殊环境、患者入院时间短、手术量大、接台手术多以及患者自我管理能力差等情况，分析其安全隐患，并在护理过程中采取相应的安全措施。术前充分评估和准备，对患者进行健康指导；术中对手术环境规范管理；指导加强术后患者的自我管理。结果：8批次共1 064例白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术顺利完成，无1例发生术后感染。结论：建立大批量白内障扶贫手术护理安全质量管理的规范流程是扶贫工作的重要环节，做好术前的评估和准备工作，落实患者的健康教育及术后患者自我管理指导，才能确保手术顺利进行。
To assess the safety of mass volume of cataract surgery and to identify the possible factors with enhanced patients’ safety. Methods: This is a retrospective case series. Clinical data of patients undergoing charity cataract extraction by surgeons from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between 2013 and 2016 was reviewed. The following factors were analyzed: safety management peri-operatively, educational interventions, intraoperative sterilization, and self-management after operations. Results: A total of 1064 patients (8 sessions) underwent cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. No evidence of endophthalmitis in any cases was observed. Conclusion: Establishment of standardized operation procedures for nursing safety management is essential for safety of mass volume of charity cataract surgery in China. Adequate assessment and peri-operative endeavor, educational interventions, nurse guided self-management should be empowered to enhance patients’ safety.
