目的：探讨大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy，BK)患者行飞秒激光辅助的角膜内皮移植术(endothelium keratoplasty，EK)的围手术期护理。方法：回顾性分析在南京总医院眼科行飞秒激光辅助角膜内皮移植的BK20例患者，分析并总结患者术前的心理疏导、术前准备、眼科检查、术中如何配合医生、术后特殊体位、高眼压的护理及如何正确用药和出院健康教育等。结果：患者得到及时、有效的护理，术后视力均有所提高，内皮贴伏好，无排斥反应及其他并发症的发生。结论：通过对患者围手术期的护理，可提高护理质量，缩短患者住院时间。

Objective: To observe the perioperative nursing of femtosecond laser-assisted corneal endothelial transplantation in the treatment of patients with bullous keratopathy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with bullous keratopathy with femtosecond laser-assisted corneal endothelial transplantation in our department. The preoperative psychological counseling, preoperative preparation, ocular examination, how to cooperate with the doctors in operation, nursing of special position, high intraocular pressure after surgery, how to use eye drops correctly and health education after discharge were summarized. Results: Nursing were performed to the patients timely and effectively. Postoperative visual acuity of all the patients were improved, the endothelial and corneal stroma bed are well combined and no graft rejection and other complications occurred in the patients postoperatively. Conclusion: We concluded that the quality of nursing was improved and the time of hospitalization was shortened after perioperative nursing.

目的：了解干眼患者自我护理能力水平并分析其影响因素。方法：选取2022年2月—6月在中山大学中山眼科中心就诊的干眼患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、自我护理能力量表、一般自我效能感量表对患者进行调查分析。结果：共调查293例干眼患者，其自我护理能力评分为(113.34±9.98)分，处于中等水平。相关性分析中干眼患者的自我护理能力总分与自我效能感得分呈正相关(r=0.421，P<0.001)，多重线性回归分析显示，累计屏幕使用时间>10 h/d、合并全身疾病、低自我效能感评分是干眼患者自我护理能力的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论：干眼患者自我护理能力水平处于中水平，仍需加强。医护工作者在工作中应重点关注屏幕使用时间长、合并全身疾病及自我效能感低的患者，并制定相应的护理对策，以改善患者的自我护理能力水平。

Objective: To understand the self-care ability of patients with dry eye and analyze its infuencing factors. Methods: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were selected from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from February 2022 to June 2022, the general data Questionnaire the general self-efcacy scale, and the self-care ability scale survey were collected. Results: A total of 293 patients with dry eye were surveyed, and the self-care ability score was 113.34±9.98, which was at the medium level. The total score of self-care ability, the scores of self-concept, self-care responsibility, health knowledge level and self-care skills of patients with dry eye were positively correlated with the scores of self-efcacy (r=0.421, all P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cumulative screen usage time>10 hours/day, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy scores were risk factors for self-care ability in patients with dry eye (P<0.05). Conclusions: Te self-care ability of patients with dry eye disease is at a medium level, and still needs to be strengthened. Medical workers should focus on patients with prolonged screen usage, comorbid systemic diseases, and low self-efficacy in their work, and tailor relevant nursing strategies to improve their self-care abilities.

目的：探讨标准操作程序在玻璃体腔内注药术护理中的应用效果。方法：选择2018年9至12月中山大学中山眼科中心眼底专科门诊504例玻璃体腔内注药术患者作为研究对象，对护理人力资源的整合、患者等待手术时间、患者和家属的满意度、医护人员满意度进行评价。结果：标准操作程序后明确护士岗位职责，护士操作水平和综合能力有效提升，患者手术等待时间由原来的预约2周缩短为2 d。患者和家属的满意度分别由92.0%和91.0%提高到98.5%和97.0%。医护人员满意度的评价由95%提到至98.4%。结论：玻璃体腔内注药术标准操作程序不仅提升了工作效率，更提升了患者和家属、医务人员的满意度，规范化的标准操作程序是玻璃体腔内注药的安全保障。

Objective: To investigate the effect of standard operation procedure in the intravitreal injection. Methods: A total of 504 patients visiting the fundus clinics of our hospital from September to December 2018 were selected in this study. The integration of nursing human resources, patient waiting time, patient and family satisfaction,and medical staff satisfaction were evaluated. Results: The nurses’ job responsibilities were clarified, and the nurses’ operation level and comprehensive ability were improved. The patients’ waiting time for surgery was shortened from 2 weeks to 2 days. Patient and family satisfaction increased from 92.0% and 91.0% to 98.5% and 97.0%, respectively. The evaluation of the satisfaction of medical staff was elevated from 95% to 98.4%.Conclusion: The standard operation procedure of intravitreal injection not only improves the work efficiency, but also significantly increases the satisfaction of patients and their families and medical staffs. Therefore, the standard operation procedure can guarantee the safety of intravitreal injection.

本文总结了15例自膨胀水凝胶眶内植入术患儿围手术期的护理要点。术前主要评估患儿是否完善术前检查，给予患儿及其家属个性化的心理护理，进行术前准备以及禁食禁饮的管理。术后主要给予患儿安全管理，饮食、疼痛、眼部用药以及弹力绷带包扎护理，关注有无并发症的发生及给予相应的护理，并对患儿及其家属做好出院指导。15例患儿均顺利完成手术，术后均出现术眼疼痛，2例出现眶压增高，1例出现呕吐，均得到妥善处理。术后随访3~18个月，患儿均获得了较为满意的眼部外观，生活质量得到了提高。

This paper summarized the nursing experience of 15 children with self-expanding hydrogel orbital implantation during perioperative period. Before operation, children were fully evaluated, given with psychological care, preoperative preparation and management of fasting and drinking. After the surgery, the patients were mainly given with safety management, diet, pain, medicine and elastic bandage dressing care. Nurses should pay attention to the occurrence of complications and give corresponding nursing care and offer useful discharge guidance for the children and their parents. All 15 children completed the operation successfully, postoperative eye pain occurred in 15 cases after operation, and the orbital pressure increased in 2 cases, 1 case vomited, and all cases were properly treated. After postoperative follow-up for 3–18 months, 15 children were satisfied with the appearance of the eye,and the life quality was improved.

目的：探讨先天性瞳孔残膜围手术期的护理方法。方法：对13例(15眼)先天性瞳孔残膜患儿围手术期给予心理护理、安全护理、优先安排术前检查、术后严密观察病情变化、延续性护理并观察其效果。结果：13例(15眼)先天性瞳孔残膜的患儿手术均顺利完成，术后均无出现并发症，其中6例患者术后视力较术前视力有所提高，住院满意度为92.3%(12/13)。结论：对先天性瞳孔残膜患儿围手术期给予针对性的心理护理、安全护理、延续性护理是瞳孔残膜围手术期的有效护理方法。

Objective: To explore the perioperative nursing methods of persistent pupillary membrane. Methods: In the perioperative period, 13 cases (15 eyes) with persistent pupillary membrane were given preoperative nursing care, psychological nursing, careful observation of the change of condition, safety nursing, continuous nursing and observation of its effect. Results: A total of 13 cases (15 eyes) with persistent pupillary membrane were successfully operated, among which 6 cases had improved postoperative visual acuity compared with preoperative visual acuity, and no postoperative complications occurred. The satisfaction rate of hospitalization was 92.3% (12/13). Conclusion: It is an effective nursing method to give psychological nursing, safety nursing and continuous nursing to children with persistent pupillary membrane in perioperative period.

目的：总结全身麻醉斜视矫正日间手术服务模式的创建与安全管理方法。方法：回顾2015年10月至2018年10月期间全身麻醉下行斜视矫正日间手术患者共9 570例。改革护理管理模式，实施医护一体化，在实施过程中对患者进行严密的术前、术后护理管理：术前评估，健康教育前移、加强核查制度、严格监测患者生命体征；术后病情严格交接，家属及患者同步术后指导、离院后回访。结果：全身麻醉斜视矫正日间手术的9 570例患者，均未发生手术并发症，术后不适34例，占0.36%，其中2例患者离院时出现头晕，2例发生尿储留，30例出现恶心、呕吐。护理人力由开展前16人减少到12人，节约25%；患者等候手术时间缩短了8 d，满意度由70%提高到90%，平均住院时间由3.2 d减少为1 d。结论：全身麻醉斜视矫正日间手术模式是一种新的医疗模式，开展全身麻醉日间手术不但可以节省医疗资源，还可提高患者满意度。

Objective: To summarize the establishment and safety management methods of ambulatory strabismus surgery that can provide the basis for carrying out ambulatory surgery nursing under general anesthesia. Methods: We carried out ambulatory surgery management that reformed nursing management model and delivered the integration of medical care in 9 570 patients undergoing strabismus surgery under general anesthesia from October 2015 to October 2018. In implementation process, we carefully managed the patients before and after operation including performing preoperative assessment and health education in advance, strengthening the verification system, strictly monitoring vital signs of the patients, strict shifting state of patients after operation, providing postoperative guidance to patients and their families, and performing follow-up clinic visits after leaving the hospital. Results: No surgical complications occurred in any of our cases. 34 patients had postoperative discomfort, accounting for 0.36%. Among these 34 patients, 2 had dizziness, 2 had urinary retention and 30 had

nausea and vomiting. After treatments, all patients were discharged on schedule. The number of nurses reduced from 16 to 12 that fell by 25%. Wait times for operation reduced by 8 days. Patient satisfaction was improved from 70% to 90%. The mean length of hospital stay was reduced from 3 days to 1 day. Conclusion: The management of ambulatory surgery under general anesthesia is a new medical care service model. Careful planning and strict preoperative and postoperative safety management can ensure the safe implementation of strabismus surgery. Ambulatory surgery under general anesthesia has benefits to save medical resources and improve patient satisfaction.

目的：在推广护理标准预防操作流程(standard operation procedure，SOP)前后对护理人员进行操作情况和针刺伤职业暴露水平对比，探索护理SOP的实用性和有效性。方法：在中山大学中山眼科中心推广护理SOP前后，分别对14名责任护士进行操作考核，并对推广护理SOP前后收治的传染病患者数量和针刺伤职业暴露事件数量进行对比。结果：推行护理SOP前后操作考核平均分分别为82.31分、88.23分，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。初高级责任护士考核结果差异无统计学意义。推行护理SOP前后病房收治血液传染性疾病患者总数分别为32例、51例，针刺伤职业暴露事件分别为4例、0例，差异有统计学意义(χ² =6.698，P=0.020)。结论：护理SOP的推广可使护理人员加强自我防护，减少针刺伤职业暴露，有效降低医源性感染率。

Objective: To compare the operation status and occupational exposure to needle stick injuries level of nursing staff before and after the promotion of nursing standard prevention operation procedure (SOP), and to explore the practicability and effectiveness of nursing SOP. Methods: Before and after the promotion of nursing SOPs at Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University, 14 responsible nurses were assessed for operation,and the number of infectious diseases and occupational exposures to needle stick injuries before and after the promotion of nursing SOPs were compared. Results: The average scores of operation and evaluation before and after the implementation of nursing SOP were 82.31 points and 88.23 points, with significant statistical difference(P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the results of the initial senior responsible nurses. The total number of patients with blood infectious diseases before and after the implementation of nursing SOP was 32 cases and 51 cases. The occupational exposure to needle stick injuries events were 4 cases and 0 and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.698, P=0.020). Conclusion: The promotion of standard preventive procedures can enable caregivers to strengthen self-protection, reduce occupational exposure, and effectively reduce the rate of iatrogenic infection.

目的：探讨标准化沟通模式(SBAR)在眼球穿通伤患者护理交班中的应用效果。方法：60例患者作为对照组，使用传统口头方式交班；60例患者作为观察组，使用SBAR沟通模式进行交接。比较两组交班耗时、两组护士对患者病情掌握程度以及患者对护理服务满意度的差异。结果：观察组与对照组比较，上述指标差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：采取SBAR沟通模式交班有助于降低在眼球穿通伤护理中的不良事件发生率，保障了护理质量，提高了交接班效率和患者满意度，适宜推广应用。

Objective: To evaluate the SBAR communication model in the nursing care handover of patients with penetration injuries of eyeball. Methods: Transfer time, receivers’ information retention, and patient’s satisfaction were compared between two groups of patients with penetration injuries of eyeball. A total of 60 patients were handled with the traditional oral communication handover as comparison group and other 60 patients were handled with the SBAR handover as intervention group. Results: When comparing intervention group with comparison group, statistically significant improvements (P<0.05) were observed in all three factors tested. Conclusion:Implementing the communication tool SBAR in the nursing care of patients with penetration injuries of eyeball reduces rate of adverse events, improves patient care quality, enhances transfer efficiency, and boosts patient’s satisfaction.

为在眼科日间手术模式下既能满足玻璃体视网膜术后体位需求，又能合理利用有限空间，本研究团队在原有的眼科日间病房座椅的基础上，增加玻璃体手术后体位护理等功能，发明了一种护理座椅[专利号：国家实用新型专利(ZL 2017 2 0942404. 1)]。该座椅采用钢喷塑(或不锈钢)、木板、海绵和人造革皮等材料，其结构主要包括座椅的主体部分、俯卧台、杂物篮、收纳架、输液杆套筒等部分。其制作材料简单，操作方便，安全使用，既能保证临床体位护理需求，又能节省空间，便于病房环境管理。

To meet the needs of the postoperative position nursing after pars plana vitrectomy in the day surgery mode,this research team has designed a nursing chair [patent number: National Uutility Model Patent (ZL 201720942404. 1)] based on the original chair of ophthalmic day ward, adding the functions of postvitreous nursing and so on. The seat is made from steel spray plastic (or stainless steel), wood, sponge and artificial leather, and the structure mainly consists of the main body, the countertop for prone position, the junk basket, the storage rack, and the infusion rod sleeve. The seat can be made by simple materials. The seat is easy to operate and safe to use, which can not only meet the needs of clinical body position nursing care, but also save the ward’ space and facilitate the environmental management of the ward.

目的：探讨应用数字化广域成像系统RetCam₃行婴幼儿口服荧光素钠眼底血管荧光造影(fluorescein fundus angiography，FFA)的护理。方法：选择2018年8月至2019年12月在广州中山大学中山眼科中心小儿眼病综合科就诊的眼底疾病婴幼儿78例，应用RetCam₃进行口服法FFA检查及护理，将护理要点进行总结。结果：所有患儿安全、顺利完成检查，检查过程中均未发生异常病情变化或与检查、药物相关的并发症。经FFA确诊家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变(familial exudative vitreoretinopathy ，FEVR)26例，早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity ，ROP)23例，色素失禁症患者6例；玻璃体积血患者3例；视网膜母细胞瘤患者3例；牵牛花综合征患者1例；视网膜色素变性患者3例；弓蛔虫眼病患者1例；原始永存玻璃体患者2例；不明原因眼底病变患者5例，单眼视网膜皱襞患者1例，先天性小眼球患者1例，巨细胞病毒感染患者1例，先天性黄斑发育不良患者1例；Coats病患者1例。结论：应用RetCam₃行婴幼儿口服法FFA是一种安全、有效的检查方法。规范、恰当的护理配合能够保证检查准确、顺利地完成。

Objective: To share the nursing experience of RetCam₃ ultra-widefield oral fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in infants with fundus diseases. Methods: Seventy-eight infants with fundus diseases admitted to General Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from August 2018 to December 2019 were recruited. Oral FFA was carried out using the 130-degree lens of RetCam₃, and the key points of nursing were summarized. Results: No complications related to the examination and drugs occurred after oral FFA with an appropriate nursing manner. FFA confirmed 26 cases of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy,23 cases of retinopathy of prematurity and 6 cases of pigment incontinence. Vitreous hematoma was observed in 3 patients, retinoblastoma in 3 patients, Morning Glory syndrome in 1 patient, retinitis pigmentosa in 3 patients,Ascaris lumbricoides eye disease in 1 case, original permanent vitreous body in 2 patients, unexplained fundus lesions in 5 patients, monocular retinal fold in 1 patient, congenital micro-eyeball in 1 patient, cytomegalovirus infection in 1 patient, congenital macular dysplasia 1 patient and Coats disease in 1 patient. Conclusion: Oral FFA with RetCam₃ is an effective and safe detection method for infants. Standard and proper nursing can ensure the examination can be performed accurately and smoothly.