视网膜静脉阻塞（Retinal Vein Occlusion, RVO）是导致视力损害的主要眼底疾病之一，常引发视网膜缺血、出血、液体渗漏和黄斑水肿，从而导致视力下降甚至永久丧失。目前，RVO继发黄斑水肿的主要治疗方法是玻璃体腔内注射抗血管内皮生长因子（Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF）药物。然而，RVO的病理机制不仅限于VEGF，还涉及血管生成素-2（Angiopoietin-2, Ang-2）的作用。在病理状态下，Ang-2通过破坏血管稳定性，诱导新生血管形成，并加剧炎症反应，进一步促进RVO的病程进展。法瑞西单抗（Faricimab）作为一种双特异性抗体药物，能够同时抑制VEGF-A和Ang-2这两条关键的病理通路，显示出在改善患者视力方面的潜在优势。文章对Faricimab在RVO治疗中的作用机制、临床应用、相关治疗药物对比及未来发展前景进行了详细论述，为其在眼科领域的进一步应用提供了理论依据和参考。

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the leading retinal diseases causing vision impairment and is often associated with retinal ischemia, hemorrhage, fluid leakage, and macular edema, ultimately resulting in decreased vision or even permanent vision loss. Currently, the primary treatment for RVO-associated macular edema is intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. However, the pathological mechanisms of RVO are not limited to VEGF alone, but also involve angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). Under pathological conditions, Ang-2 disrupts vascular stability, induces neovascularization, and exacerbates inflammatory responses, thereby accelerating the progression of RVO. Faricimab, as a bispecific antibody, can simultaneously inhibit both VEGF-A and Ang-2 pathways, which are critical in RVO pathogenesis, and has shown potential advantages in improving visual outcomes. The article provides a detailed discussion on the mechanism of action, clinical applications, comparison with related therapeutic agents, and future development prospects of Faricimab in the treatment of RVO, offering a theoretical basis and reference for its further application in ophthalmology.

抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion，RVO)继发黄斑水肿(macular edema，ME)的有效性及安全性已得到广泛证实。但抗VEGF治疗方案尚无统一标准。现行的治疗方案主要包括固定治疗方案、按需(pro re nata，PRN)治疗方案、稳定性标准驱使的按需(stabilization criteria-driven PRN)治疗方案、治疗与延长(treat and extend，T&E)方案。近年来不少研究综合比较了各个治疗方案在改善视功能、量化评估疾病活动性、调整随访频率等多个维度的表现，为临床医生提供选择抗VEGF治疗方案的参考依据。本文旨在回顾并总结近年来对抗VEGF药物治疗RVO继发ME的研究，阐述抗VEGF治疗方案的研究进展。

The efficacy and safety of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the treatment of macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) have been widely confirmed. However, there is no unified standard for anti-VEGF treatment regimens. Current treatment regimens mainly include fixed treatment regimen, pro re nata (PRN) treatment regimen, stabilization criteria-driven PRN treatment regimen, and treat and extend (T&E) regimen. In recent years, many studies have compared different treatment regimens in composite dimensions,including improving visual function, assessing disease activity quantitatively and adjusting the follow-up frequency,to provide clinicians with a reference of choosing anti-VEGF treatment regimens. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize recent researches on anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of ME secondary to RVO, and to clarify the research progress in the anti-VEGF treatment regimens.