目的： 探讨儿童双目视力筛查仪在先天性白内障中的应用。 方法： 本文为回顾性分析，选择 2017 年 7 月 至 2018 年 5 月在厦门市儿童医院眼科的 3 个月至 2 岁婴幼儿 336 例(672眼)，均由2个固定的医生分别采用小瞳孔红光反射及儿童双目视力筛查仪检查，同时详细记录病史资料。所有患儿均给予裂隙灯检查、复方托品卡胺散瞳后行眼底检查，对眼底无法窥入的者必要时给予眼部B超检查或眼部MRI检查，以排除眼底病变。结果：依据2009年出版的第5版《Harley’s小儿眼科学》的先天性白内障临床分类方法，本组病例中先天性白内障的类型依次为皮质(核)白内障2 7例(35眼)，其中胚胎核2例( 4眼)，板层2 3例(29眼)，核性2例( 2眼)；囊膜性白内障1 9例(28眼)，缝合性白内障2例( 4眼)，极性白内障3例( 6眼)，全白内障2例( 3眼)。儿童双目视力筛查仪筛查出先天性白内障的灵敏度为81.58%，特异度为79.87%，诊断符合率为80.06%；红光反射筛查的先天性白内障的灵敏度为51.32%，特异度为69.97%，诊断符合率为67.86%；两组结果比较均有统计学意义。儿童双目视力筛查仪对皮质(核)性白内障筛查率为97.14%，而红光反射的筛查率为37.14%，结果比较具有统计学意义。结论：儿童双目视力筛查仪在先天性白内障筛查中，具有低漏诊率和误诊率，较高的诊断一致性的优势，尤其对皮质(核)性白内障有高的检出率，将有利于在日常儿童眼保健的辅助筛查工作中，及早发现先天性白内障患儿。

Objective: To explore the application of children’s binocular vision screening instrument in screening congenital cataract. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 336 infants aged 3 months to 2 years (672 eyes) who were admitted to the Ophthalmology Department of Xiamen Children's Hospital from July 2017 to May 2018. They were examined by two fixed doctors with the pupil red light reflex and binocular vision screening instrument, and the medical history was recorded in details. All the children received slit lamp examination, compound tropicamide mydriasis and fundus examination. If necessary, the children who could not see fundus were given with B-ultrasonic examination or MRI examination. Results: According to the clinical classification of congenital cataracts published in the 5th edition of Harley’s pediatric ophthalmology in 2009, In this group, there were 27 cases (35 eyes) of congenital cataract, including 2 cases (4 eyes) of embryonic nucleus, 23 cases (29 eyes) of lamellar layer, 2 cases (2 eyes) of nuclear cataract, 19 cases (28 eyes) of capsular cataract, 2 cases (4 eyes) of suture cataract, 3 cases (6 eyes) of polar cataract and 2 cases (3 eyes) of total cataract. The sensitivity of children’s binocular vision screening instrument screening congenital cataract was 81.58%, the specificity was 79.87%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 80.06%; the sensitivity of red reflection screening congenital cataract was 51.32%, the specificity was 69.97%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 67.86%; the results of the two groups were statistically significant. The screening rate of children's binocular vision screening instrument for cortical (nuclear) cataract was 97.14%, while that of red reflex was 37.14%. The results were statistically significant. Conclusion: In the screening of congenital cataract, the binocular vision screening instrument for children has the advantages of low missed diagnosis rate, high misdiagnosis rate and high diagnostic consistency, especially for cortical (nuclear) cataract. It is helpful to find the congenital cataract early in the auxiliary screening of children’cares eye health

目的：通过随机对照试验，观察氦氖激光在喀什地区弱视儿童中的治疗效果。方法：选取2016年2月至2018年11月期间就诊喀什地区第一人民医院符合纳排标准的弱视儿童，按随机数字表法，分为试验组(氦氖激光+弱视常规治疗组)与对照组(弱视常规治疗组)，比较两组的弱视治疗效果。结果：本试验成功纳入弱视儿童111例(177眼)，其中试验组61例(97眼)，对照组50例(80眼)。与对照组相比，汉族试验组弱视儿童效果明显(P=0.023)，维吾尔族试验组弱视儿童未见明显疗效(P=0.481)；试验组与对照组在喀什地区不同年龄、不同弱视程度、不同弱视类型及不同弱视眼数儿童中未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论：氦氖激光治疗喀什地区弱视儿童作用有限，为避免过度医疗，不建议在南疆地区开展。

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of helium-neon laser in amblyopia children in Kashgar by a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Amblyopia children who met eligibility criteria during February 2016 to November 2018 were selected and divided into two groups according to random number table: test group(helium-neon laser + conventional treatment for amblyopia) and control group (conventional treatment for amblyopia). The effects of amblyopia treatment were compared between two groups. Results: One hundred and eleven amblyopic children (177 eyes), including 61 children (97 eyes) of the test group and 50 children (80 eyes) of the control group were included in this study. The effect of helium-neon laser was significant in Han children (P=0.023), but not in Uygur children (P=0.481) in the test group compared with the control group.Conclusion: Helium-neon laser has limited effect in treating children with amblyopia in Kashgar region. To avoid over-treatment, it is not recommended to perform it in southern Xinjiang.