目的：建立能大量分离人脐静脉内皮细胞的体外培养的简便方法，分析人脐静脉内皮细胞抗原表达的特点。

方法：采用玻璃接管连接医用三通管灌注 0.133％ 胶原酶 I 法分离脐静脉内皮细胞，培养于 10％ 胎牛血清的人内皮细胞培养液（含 β-促内皮细胞生长因子和肝素钠），培养皿用 1.5％明胶包被，促进内皮细胞贴壁。培养过程中观察细胞的形态特征，同时行免疫组织化学染色检测第八因子相关抗原、CD31 表达情况，鉴定内皮细胞来源。

结果：成功获取人脐静脉内皮细胞，原代人脐内皮细胞 24 h 贴壁，第 5 日细胞融合；第八因子相关抗原和 CD31 呈广泛的阳性表达，第八因子相关抗原阳性染色程度高于 CD31，证实为人脐静脉内皮细胞。

结论：应用玻璃接管连接医用三通管灌注胶原酶消化法分离脐静脉内皮细胞，利用 10％ 优质胎牛血清的人内皮细胞培养基，添加 β-促内皮细胞生长因子和肝素钠，并用 1.5％明胶包被培养皿，能简单有效培养人脐静脉内皮细胞。

Purpose: To establish a simple and convenient method for the culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and study its characterization in vitro.

Methods: Human umbilical cord was isolated and digested by collagenase type I. And then, it was cultured in 1.5% gelatin coated dish with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), heparin sodium and β-endothelial cell growth factor (β-ECGF) in human endothelial basal growth medium. HUVECs were identified by anti-human factor VIII related antigen and CD31 immunohistochemical staining.

Results: We can successfully culture HUVECs in this way. HUVECs attached to the dish in 24 hours and the confluence was seen in 5 days. HUVECs were generally positive for anti-human factor VIII related antigen and CD31.

Conclusion: It is a fast and effective method to culture purified HUVECs successfully in which we use collagenase type I to digest HUVECs with a glass tube connected to T-tube, human endothelial basal growth medium containing 10% FBS and heparin sodium and β-ECGF in 1.5% gelatin coated dish. 

目的：比较高碘酸－无色品红法（PAS）与改良的六胺银染色法（GMS）在真菌性角膜炎诊断应用中的优缺点。

方法：回顾性分析该科室自 2007 年 11 月至 2010 年 6 月诊断为真菌性角膜溃疡的 102 例标本，统计分析不同染色方法的阳性率，并对染色要点进行分析总结。

结果：GMS 对真菌性角膜炎的真菌显示率为 100％，PAS 则为 93.14％。

结论：GMS 对真菌性角膜炎的真菌显示效果优于 PAS，且较 PAS 染色省时、容易操作，不易褪色，不失为真菌染色的最佳选择。但是 PAS 染色显示真菌的分隔结构较为清晰，可排除色素细胞等的干扰，可以作为真菌性角膜炎鉴别诊断的补充染色。

Purpose: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of GMS and PAS staining in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis.

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the sections of 102 cases of fungal keratitis from November 2007 to June 2010 in our department. Statistically analyzed the positive rate of different staining methods. And summarized technical cruxes of GMS and PAS staining.

Results: The positive rates of GMS staining and PAS staining for fungal keratitis were 100% and 93.14%, respectively.

Conclusions: GMS staining is better than PAS staining for fungal keratitis in displaying fungi. And it takes less time and is easier in operation and makes a more durable color than PAS staining. But PAS staining is better than GMS staining in displaying fungal septa and eliminating the interference from pigment-containing cells and other cells.

目的：探讨泪囊结膜囊吻合术治疗严重泪小管撕裂伤的临床疗效。

方法：对 19 例（19 只眼）严重泪小管撕裂伤的患者行泪囊结膜囊吻合术，术后随访 3～24 月。

结果：19 例（19 眼）中治愈 14 眼、显效 3 眼、无效 2 眼，有效率 89.47％。

结论：泪囊结膜囊吻合术是治疗严重泪小管撕裂伤的有效方法

Purpose: To investigate the clinical effect of anastomosis of lacrimal sac to conjunctival sac in the treatment of severe laceration of lacrimal canaliculus.

Methods: A total of 19 cases (19 eyes) with laceration of lacrimal canaliculus underwent anastomosis of lacrimal sac to conjunctival sac. All the patients were followed up for 3 to 24 months after operation.

Results: Among all the 19 patients (19 eyes), 14 cases were cured, 3 cases were markedly improved and 2 cases had no effect, and the effective rate was 89.47%.

Conclusion: Anastomosis of lacrimal sac to conjunctival sac is an effective surgical technique in the treatment of severe laceration of lacrimal canaliculus.

目的：观察激光导致的黄斑区视网膜损伤的眼底改变及其光学相干断层扫描仪（OCT）图像特征。

方法：收集 2002 年 4 月—2009 年 12 月因激光照射致视力下降的患者 4 例（4 眼）。所有患者均行眼部常规检查、眼底照相及 OCT 检查。

结果：4 例患者的眼底表现各不相同。1 例表现为黄斑区板层裂孔，残留薄层外层视网膜，相应部位光感受器内外节连接光带消失及视网膜色素上皮光带消失，脉络膜光带下陷并反射略增强，周围视网膜前膜形成，玻璃体腔积血；1 例表现为黄斑区全层裂孔伴周围视网膜水肿；1 例表现为黄斑区视网膜神经上皮层局限性浆液性浅脱离；1 例表现为黄斑区视网膜内层团状高反射（出血）。

结论：激光致黄斑区视网膜损伤的眼底表现多种多样，OCT 能够清晰显示其视网膜损伤的层次及形态改变。

Purpose: To observe the changes of ocular fundus and to describe the image features of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with laser-induced maculopathy.

Methods: Four patients (4 eyes) with decreased visual acuity due to laser injury were recruited into the study between April 2002 to December 2009. All patients checked up eyes with routine examination, eyeground photography and OCT.

Results: The four cases presented with different clinical characteristics from each another. In the first case, OCT showed lamella macular hole, with partially remained outer sensory retina. The signals of inner segments/outer segments (IS/OS) band and RPE band were disrupted. The choroidal band was distorted with increased reflection. Perimacular epiretinal membrane and vitreous hemorrhage were also observed. The second case had a full-thickness macular hole with retina edema surrounding the hole. The third case presented with local serous sensory retinal detachment in macula. The fourth case presented with hyper-reflection of the inner retina in macula which indicated hemorrhage.

Conclusion: There are various patterns of laser-induced maculopathy. OCT is a useful noninvasive diagnostic tool to delineate the layer, extent and configuration of the damage on retina. 

目的：探讨复合小梁切除术后并发浅前房的原因、治疗和预后情况。

方法：对在该院行复合小梁切除术的 267 例（302 眼）青光眼患者进行回顾性研究 ，观察术后浅前房的发生原因、治疗、预后情 况。

结果：302 眼中有 43 眼出现浅前房（1424％）。 术后滤过过强、滤过口渗漏，脉络膜脱离及睫状环阻滞是浅前房的主要原因，浅前房发生后给予保守或手术治疗，43 眼前房均恢复正常。

结论：复合小梁切除术后浅前房是常见的一种并发症。术中控制滤过率，合理应用丝裂霉素可减少浅前房的发生；术后密切观测前房、眼压和滤过情况，及早对浅前房进行干预可明显改善预后。

Purpose: To investigate the clinical cause, therapy and prognosis of shallow anterior chamber after complex trabeculectomy surgery of glaucoma.

Methods: A retrospective study of 267 patients (302 eyes) diagnosed with glaucoma at our hospital was reviewed.

Result: Forty-three among 302 eyes presented shallow anterior chamber (14.24%). The main causes of shallow anterior chamber after surgery included excessive filtering function, conjunctival exudation, choroidal detachment and ciliary circle block. These patients recovered after receiving conservative or surgical treatment.

Conclusions: The shallow anterior chamber is a frequent complication occurring following complex trabeculectomy surgery. The occurrence of this complication may be decreased by controlling filterableness and moderately applying mitomycin C intraoperatively; the prognosis may be significantly enhanced by detecting main measurements including anterior chamber, intraocular tension, filtration condition, and by interfering in shallow anterior chamber early after complex trabeculectomy surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the health literacy of adult Vietnamese population in relation to common eye conditions and identify factors associated with respondents never having had an eye examination.

Methods: Four hundred households from two districts of Ba Ria-Vung Tau (BRVT) province were selected by multistage cluster random sampling. One adult from each household was administered a pre-tested knowledge, attitude and practices toward eye health questionnaire. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Of the 400 subjects interviewed (mean age: 51.5±14.5 years; range, 30–90 years), 53.5% reported never having had an eye examination and 38.0% had spectacles. Awareness of eye conditions ranged from 7.0% for glaucoma to 52.8% for red eye. Low awareness of these conditions was significantly associated with rural habitation (odds ratio ranged from 1.65 to 2.78), lower educational attainment (odds ratio ranged from 1.78 to 2.59) and non-spectacle wear (odds ratio ranged from 1.88 to 4.55). Significant barriers to eye examination included lower educational attainment, reported absence of eye problems, non-spectacle wear, lack of affordability, and lack of health insurance.

Conclusions: Knowledge of and attitude or practices to eye health is low within the general public in Vietnam, especially among those who have never had an eye examination, are less educated and live in rural areas. Eye health promotion activities are warranted for the population and speciff c factors that influence eye examination visits should be addressed.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the health literacy of adult Vietnamese population in relation to common eye conditions and identify factors associated with respondents never having had an eye examination.

Methods: Four hundred households from two districts of Ba Ria-Vung Tau (BRVT) province were selected by multistage cluster random sampling. One adult from each household was administered a pre-tested knowledge, attitude and practices toward eye health questionnaire. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Of the 400 subjects interviewed (mean age: 51.5±14.5 years; range, 30–90 years), 53.5% reported never having had an eye examination and 38.0% had spectacles. Awareness of eye conditions ranged from 7.0% for glaucoma to 52.8% for red eye. Low awareness of these conditions was significantly associated with rural habitation (odds ratio ranged from 1.65 to 2.78), lower educational attainment (odds ratio ranged from 1.78 to 2.59) and non-spectacle wear (odds ratio ranged from 1.88 to 4.55). Significant barriers to eye examination included lower educational attainment, reported absence of eye problems, non-spectacle wear, lack of affordability, and lack of health insurance.

Conclusions: Knowledge of and attitude or practices to eye health is low within the general public in Vietnam, especially among those who have never had an eye examination, are less educated and live in rural areas. Eye health promotion activities are warranted for the population and speciff c factors that influence eye examination visits should be addressed.

Background: To find the changes of macular perimetry (MP) and the correlations between MP and best correct visual acuity (BCVA) in different phases of the acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: Twenty-one eyes with acute CSC and their fellow eyes were analysed retrospectively. MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA in the active and resolved phase were collected and analyzed. The differences of these parameters in CSC eyes and fellow eyes were analyzed. Spearman correlation was used for analysis of correlation between MP and BCVA.

Results: From 29 eyes with CSC analysed 27eyes (93.10%) recovered to the previous VA. Compared with the active phase, MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA were significantly improved in the resolved phase(P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, respectively). MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA of CSC eyes were significantly poor compared with the fellow eyes in the active phase (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, respectively). In the resolved phase there was no significant difference between the CSC eyes and fellow eyes (P=0.339, 0.141, 0.161, respectively). BCVA was shown to significantly correlate with MP at 2° in the active phase (ρ=–0.630, P<0.001).

Conclusions: The acute CSC often had a good prognosis both in BCVA and MP. MP can provide an additional objective parameter to evaluate the retinal function changes at macula of acute CSC. 

Background: To find the changes of macular perimetry (MP) and the correlations between MP and best correct visual acuity (BCVA) in different phases of the acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: Twenty-one eyes with acute CSC and their fellow eyes were analysed retrospectively. MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA in the active and resolved phase were collected and analyzed. The differences of these parameters in CSC eyes and fellow eyes were analyzed. Spearman correlation was used for analysis of correlation between MP and BCVA.

Results: From 29 eyes with CSC analysed 27eyes (93.10%) recovered to the previous VA. Compared with the active phase, MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA were significantly improved in the resolved phase(P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, respectively). MP at 2°, 4° and BCVA of CSC eyes were significantly poor compared with the fellow eyes in the active phase (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, respectively). In the resolved phase there was no significant difference between the CSC eyes and fellow eyes (P=0.339, 0.141, 0.161, respectively). BCVA was shown to significantly correlate with MP at 2° in the active phase (ρ=–0.630, P<0.001).

Conclusions: The acute CSC often had a good prognosis both in BCVA and MP. MP can provide an additional objective parameter to evaluate the retinal function changes at macula of acute CSC.