目的：探讨延伸护理对角膜移植术后的作用及临床意义。方法：回访收集 71 例角膜移植术后患者院外用药、视力及门诊随访病情信息，将患者随机分为延伸护理组与常规护理组，延伸护理组 36 例，常规护理组 35 例，比较两组术前后视力变化值、家庭功能与生活质量评分及遵医行为。结果：延伸护理组与常规护理组在手术前后视力均明显改善，而两组组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。延伸护理前后家庭功能与生活质量评分差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），而常规护理前后评分无差异（P > 0.05），两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。延伸护理在遵医嘱行为方面显著优于常规对照组（P < 0.05）。结论：延伸护理能明显改善角膜移植术后患者治疗与护理依从性，能良好体现护理专业价值与社会服务功能，有助于患者从医院到居家的平稳过渡。

Objective: To investigate the effect of extended nursing care on corneal transplantation and its clinical significance. Methods: Clinical data of 71 patients after corneal transplantation, including extramural medication, visual acuity and outpatient follow-up were collected. The patients were randomly divided into the extended nursing care (n = 36) and routine nursing care groups (n = 35). The changes of visual acuity, family function and quality of life were compared between two groups. Results: The visual acuity in two groups was significantly improved after surgery, but no significant difference was noted between two groups (P > 0.05). The family function and quality of life scores significantly differed before and after extended care (P < 0.05), and there was no difference in the score before and after routine care (P > 0.05), there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).Extended care was significantly superior to the routine care (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Extended nursing care can obviously improve the compliance of treatment and nursing of patients after corneal transplantation. It can reflect the value of nursing profession and social service function, and help patients to make a smooth transition from hospital to home.

目的：研究佛山市南海区第四人民医院（以下简称 “我院”）五官科 2016 年白内障入院治疗的患者临床资料。方法：回顾性分析 2016 年间在我院五官科的住院患者，以 “白内障” 为检索词查阅病历管理系统，导出 Excel 文件，查阅相关病例资料进行统计分析。结果：2016 年共收治白内障患者 132 例 145 眼，其中男 56 例 59 眼，女 76 例 86 眼，年龄（72.98±6.89）岁。年龄相关性白内障占91.72%。其中 136 例接受白内障手术治疗。手术患者术前最佳矫正视力1.31±0.41，术后最佳矫正视力0.20±0.16，各月份入院患者人数平均。核性白内障患者入院年龄与皮质型及后囊下型患者有统计学差异，但3种类型的术前及术后视力无统计学差异。结论：我院白内障患者入院临床分布年龄多集中于 70~79 岁，女性患者，皮质型及后囊下型年龄相关性白内障患者选择手术时间早于核性年龄相关性白内障。

Objective: To study the clinical data of cataract patients admitted to the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanhai Destrict of Foshan City in 2016. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the inpatients in the Department of Eye & ENT of the hospital. We consulted the medical record management system with the term “cataract” and the results were derived to Excel files for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 132 cases (145 eyes) of cataract were hospitalized in 2016, including 56 male cases (59 eyes) and 76 female cases (86 eyes). The age was (72.98±6.89) years old. Among them, the percentage of age-related cataract was 93.72%; 136 cases were treated with cataract surgery. The preoperative best corrected visual acuity was 1.31±0.41, and the postoperative best corrected visualacuity was 0.20±0.16. The number of patients admitted to hospital was almost equivalent in each month. The admission age of nuclear cataract patients was significantly different from that of those with cortical type and posterior subcapsular type cataract, but there was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative visual acuity among the three types of age-related cataract. Conclusion: The cataract patients in our hospital are mainly aged 70–79 years old, primarily in female patients. The operation time for patients with cortical and posterior subcapsular age-related cataract is earlier compared with that for those with nuclear age-related cataract.

目的：探索新形势下建立医院多院区一体化运维管理系统。方法：运用 SWOT 分析法全面分析医院信息、后勤和设备三大部门运维管理状况，进而对运维一体化模式进行全面剖析。结果：医院多院区一体化运维发展战略在信息运维一体化系统建设工作实践中取得显著成效，提升了工作效率和医院核心竞争力。结论：SWOT 分析法对医院多院区一体化发展战略研究提供了理论基础，为医院多院区一体化管理提供了扎实有效的理论参考。

Objective: To establish the new eye hospital operational integration management mode. Methods: Using SWOT to analysis of hospital information management operations, logistics and equipment department, comprehensive analysis of operational integration mode. Results: We proposed hospital campus more operational integration development strategy, and in the practice of the information integration of operational work achieved remarkable achievement, which improved the working efficiency and the hospital core competitiveness. Conclusion: The SWOT analysis method for hospital operational integration development strategy research, provides a theoretical basis for hospital campus more leapfrog development provides a solid and effective theoretical reference.

目的：探讨视网膜激光光凝发生眼心反射的发生情况及护理。方法：选择佛山市第二人民医院 2015 年 1 月至 2018 年 6 月行视网膜激光光凝患者 5 600 例，记录眼心反射发生率、临床特点、血压脉搏变化及现场抢救、护理情况。结果：所有视网膜激光光凝患者中，21 例出现眼心反射症状，发生率为 0.38％，年龄（32.5±14.8）岁，其中 42.9％ 为 18～25 岁年轻女性，90.5％ 为视网膜变性裂孔，66.7％ 为视网膜颞下方病变。眼心反射发生时平均收缩压（76.7±11.3）mmHg，舒张压（52.9±10.5）mmHg，脉搏（58.0±7.3）min^-1。患者均自行缓解，未出现心搏骤停及紧急抢救情况。结论：视网膜激光光凝中有眼心反射发生的风险，尤其是年轻女性或颞下方视网膜变性裂孔患者，应当重点关注和加强心理护理，并作好急救准备。

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing measures in patients with oculocardiac reflex during retinal laser therapy. Methods: A total of 5 600 patients during retinal laser therapy during January 2015 to June 2018 were included. Incidence of oculocardiac reflex, clinical characteristics, changes in blood pressure and pulse, and nursing measures were recorded in this study. Results: Among 5 600 patients during retinal laser therapy, 21 cases (0.38%), aged (32.5±14.8) years old on average, presented with oculocardiac reflex, including 42.9% of them were young female patients aged 18–25 years; 90.5% of patients with oculocardiac reflex suffered from retinosis or retinal tear, and 66.7% of the retinal lesions were located in the inferotemporal region. The mean systolic pressure was (76.7±11.3) mmHg when oculocardiac reflex occurred, and the mean diastolic pressure was (52.9±10.5) mmHg, and the mean pulse was (58.0±7.3) min^-1. The symptoms of oculocardiacreflex in all patients spontaneously restored with time. No patient had cardiac arrest or needed emergency rescue. Conclusion: Oculocardiac reflex may occur in patients during retinal photocoagulation, especially in young female patients or those presenting with inferotemporal retinosis or retinal tear. More attention and psychological nursing care should be paid before laser and the emergency rescue should be prepared.

目的：探讨多点电凝视网膜切开术治疗眼外伤复发性视网膜脱离的护理。方法：回顾总结眼外伤复发性视网膜脱离患者行多点电凝视网膜切开术的围手术期护理。结果：9 例患者中 7 例获得视网膜复位，视网膜再次复位率达到 78％，围手术期无明显并发症。结论：做好术前的心理护理及健康指导，术中配合及术后的体位护理，病情观察，出院后随访等护理措施对巩固手术效果，促进康复起重要作用。

Objective: To explore the key procedures of perioperative nursing care for recurrent retinal detachment in patients with ocular trauma by using radial retinotomies. Methods: Perioperative nursing care data of 9 ocular trauma patients who underwent radial retinotomies in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among 9 patients, 7 cases achieved retinal reattachment with a success rate of 78%. No significant complications were observed during the perioperative period. Conclusion: Preoperative psychological nursing and health guidance, intraoperative cooperation, correct body position for postoperative nursing, monitoring of physical conditions and postoperative follow-up can enhance the surgical efficacy and accelerate postoperative recovery.

甲状腺相关眼病是最常见的眼眶疾病，公认是一种自身免疫性疾病，因眶内免疫及增殖反应而致突眼、压迫性视神经病变等各种临床表现。近年眼科、内分泌科、核医学科、放疗科针对该疾病开展了一系列的临床研究，制定了相应的临床处理指南。研究显示，被转诊到三级中心的甲状腺相关眼病患者的严重度和活动性有下降的趋势，这可能与对该疾病认识的增强、甲亢和甲状腺相关眼病的早期诊断和治疗以及更有效地使用预防措施有关。但国内临床工作中碰到严重的甲状腺相关眼病患者反有增加的趋势，这可能与临床对该疾病的重视和规范化诊治程度不够有关。

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy is the most common orbital disease. It is recognized as an autoimmune disease, which causes exophthalmos, oppressive optic neuropathy and other clinical manifestations due to infraorbital immunity and proliferation reaction. In recent years, ophthalmologists, endocrinologists, nuclear medicine doctors and radiotherapists have carried out a series of clinical studies on the disease and formulated corresponding clinical treatment guidelines. Overseas reports indicate that the severity and activity of thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy patients referred to tertiary centers are declining, which may be related to increased awareness of the disease, early diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, and more effective use of preventive measures. However, the number of patients with severe thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy is increasing in our clinical work, which may be related to our lack of attention to the disease and standardized diagnosis and treatment. 

临床上内源性真菌性眼内炎很少见，其早期临床表现类似于葡萄膜炎等常见眼病，误诊率很高。遵义医学院附属医院收治了一位 48 岁女性患者，发病 3 个月内先后被诊断为急性视网膜坏死综合征、新生血管性青光眼等，最终丧失视力手术剜除患眼眼球内容物，术后病理检查发现毛霉菌而确诊为内源性毛霉菌眼内炎。

Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis is easy to be misdiagnosed because it is quite rare and early clinical features resembling uveitis. A 48-year-old female patient was admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, who was diagnosed as acute retinal necrosis syndrome and neovascular glaucoma. The patient finally lost her sight and had an evisceration. Postoperative pathology showed the mucor infection.

眼视光学是一门现代光学技术和现代眼科学相结合，并运用光学理论和先进的科学技术解决视觉障碍的新兴、交叉学科。眼视光学专业在发达国家已成为眼科学领域眼保健的必要组成部分，近年来，我国与视觉健康和视功能有关的眼病患者日益增多，青少年近视患病率已高居世界第一，且随着人们生活质量的提高，人们对视觉的要求也不断提高。从治疗到预防的不断过渡，眼视光学人才的重要性日益凸显，但目前中国眼科医师和视光师人才缺口还很大，国内多所院校已相继开展视光学教育以满足视光人才需求，在我国，这个专业将成为一个新兴的热门学科。

We discussed the necessity and social demand of undergraduate education of optometry according to the current development of optometry education at home and abroad. The feasibility of setting up the four-year undergraduate education of optometry was evaluated in our university from the excellent teachers, diversified teaching modes, extensive practice base and education experience. The training mode of four-year professional development of optometry was also explored, based on humanity quality education, professional theory and practical skills.

佩戴太阳镜对眼疾患者的眼睛起保护作用。但并非所有青光眼患者适合佩戴太阳镜，闭角型青光眼患者佩戴需慎重。青光眼患者应根据病情合理地佩戴使用太阳镜。正确地选择和佩戴太阳镜才能对眼睛达到最好地保护作用。

The patients with eye diseases can wear sunglasses to protect their eyes. Not all patients with glaucoma are suitable for wearing sunglasses, especially for patients with untreated angle-closure glaucoma. Patients with glaucoma should select and wear the appropriate types of sunglasses according to individual conditions. Proper selection and wearing of sunglasses exert the optimal effect upon protecting the eyes.