目的：探讨思政引领教学法在五年制临床定向医学生眼科学见习中的应用效果。方法：研究于2023年3月在首都医科大学石景山教学医院进行，选取该年度参加见习的37名五年制临床定向医学生为研究对象。研究将见习课程随机分为两组：传统思政教学法组和思政引领教学法组。传统思政教学法组在第一次见习课中采用传统方式，涵盖眼的组织解剖、视神经和视路疾病、眼外肌疾病与弱视、眼外伤等内容；思政引领教学法组则在第二次见习课中采用新的教学方法，涵盖眼表疾病、外眼疾病、眼视光学、视网膜病等内容。见习结束后，通过试卷测试评估学生的眼科理论知识、见习技能及思政应用能力，并采用李克特十级量表评估学生对思政教学的认知及满意度。结果：思政引领教学法组在思政成绩(9.29±0.37 vs. 6.83±0.50)和总成绩(85.14±4.84 vs. 81.86±4.94)上均优于传统思政教学法组(P <0.05)，且在李克特十级量表6个维度的评分中均显著更高(P 均<0.001)；在眼科理论知识和见习技能方面，思政引领教学法组成绩均高于传统思政教学法组，但差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。结论：思政引领教学法能显著提升学生对课程思政的认知、接受度和满意度，是一种有效的医学教育课程思政实践方式。通过将思政元素系统化地融入眼科见习课程，不仅可以增强学生的思政素养，还能提升其职业责任感和服务意识，为培养适应基层医疗需求的高素质医学人才提供了有力支持。

Objective: To explore the application effects of  ideological and political education (IPE)-led teaching methods in ophthalmology clerkship among five-year clinical medicine students with directional training. Methods: The study was conducted in March 2023 in the Shijingshan Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University. A total of 37 fiveyear clinical medicine students with directional training who participated in the clerkship in that academic year were selected as the research subjects. The clerkship courses were randomly divided into two groups: the traditional IPE teaching method group and the IPE - led teaching method group. The traditional IPE teaching method group adopted the traditional teaching approach in the first internship session, covering topics such as the histological anatomy of the eye, diseases of the optic nerve and visual pathway, extraocular muscle diseases and amblyopia, and ocular trauma. The IPE-led teaching method group employed a new teaching method in the second internship session, covering topics such as ocular surface diseases, external eye diseases, optometry, and retinal diseases. Following the clerkship, students' ophthalmology theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and IPE application abilities were assessed through written examinations, and their perceptions and satisfaction with the IPE teaching were evaluated using a 10-point Likert scale. Results: The IPE - led teaching method group demonstrated significantly higher scores in IPE performance (9.29±0.37 vs. 6.83±0.50) and overall performance (85.14±4.84 vs. 81.86±4.94) compared with the traditional IPE teaching method group (P < 0.05), and significantly higher ratings across all six dimensions of the 10-point Likert scale (all P < 0.001). In terms of ophthalmology theoretical knowledge and clinical skills during the clerkship, the IPE - led teaching method group achieved higher scores than the traditional IPE teaching method group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The IPE-led teaching method significantly enhances cognition, acceptance, and satisfaction among students with IPE. This approach effectively integrates ideological and political elements into medical education. By systematically embedding them into the ophthalmology internship curriculum, it enhances students’ ideological literacy, professional responsibility, and service awareness, thereby supporting the cultivation of high-caliber medical talents equipped for grassroots healthcare.

在感染性眼科疾病的诊疗过程中，商品化眼用制剂尚未能完全满足临床治疗需求，在治疗一些现有眼用制剂未能满足治疗需求的感染性眼病时，需要采用临时配制的滴眼液来进行治疗。由于目前国内尚无临时配制滴眼液的规范或者标准，广东省药学会眼科药学专家委员会组织相关专家讨论，制定了治疗感染性眼部疾病临时配制滴眼液专家共识，以提升临床所需临配制剂的可及性，供国内从事临时配制滴眼液相关工作的同行借鉴。

Commercial eye drops fail to fully meet the therapeutic requirements for infectious ocular diseases. When treating certain infectious ocular diseases where existing ophthalmic preparations are inadequate, extemporaneously prepared eye drops become necessary. Given the absence of regulations or standards for extemporaneously prepared eye drops in China, the Ophthalmic Pharmacy Expert Committee of the Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association organized relevant experts relevant experts to establish a standard for the extemporaneous preparation of eye drops after rigorous discussions. This initiative aims to enhance the accessibility of extemporaneously prepared eye drops and provide reference for ophthalmologists, pharmacy workers, and users of ophthalmic extemporaneously preparations.

目的：分析喉罩在肥胖患者眼科日间手术中的应用特点。方法：选择 2021 年 1 月— 2024 年 3 月在中山大学中山眼科中心行日间眼科手术 且体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）≥25 kg/m²的男性患者进行分析，将患者分为2组：超重组（BMI 25~<30 kg/m2）及肥胖组（BMI≥30 kg/m²）。比较两组患者入室时（T₁）、诱导后（T₂）、喉罩置入后（T₃）、手术开始时（T₄）、手术开始10 min（T₅）、手术结束时（T₆）、入麻醉恢复室（post-anesthesia care unit，PACU）（T₇）、喉罩拔除时（T₈）的血流动力学和血氧饱和度变化情况；并分析喉罩置入后（T₃）、手术开始时（T₄）、手术开始10 min（T₅）、手术结束时（T₆）和喉罩拔除时（T₈）患者的呼吸参数变化情况，记录两组患者的喉罩通气成功率及复苏室的停留时间。结果：纳入 118 例患者，其中超重组 57 例、肥胖组 61 例。两组均未出现喉罩通气失败病例，肥胖组在T₃、T₄、T₅、T₆以及T₈等时点气道峰压均高于超重组（P < 0.05）；肥胖组的呼吸道不良事件发生率高于超重组（P < 0.05）。两组患者围术期生命体征平稳（P > 0.05），复苏室停留时间在组间比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）且均顺利日间手术离院。结论：喉罩通气下全身麻醉能安全应用在肥胖患者眼科日间手术中，高BMI与高气道峰压相关。

Objective: General anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway (LMA) ventilation can facilitate ambulatory ophthalmic surgery, however, there remains debates about the use of LMA for obese patients. This study retrospectively analyzed the application of LMA in obese patients for ambulatory ophthalmic surgery. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed all patients with a BMI≥25 kg/m2 who underwent ambulatory ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2021 to March 2024.  The patients were divided into two groups: overweight group (BMI 25~<30 kg/m2) and obese group (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) . We compared the changes in hemodynamics and oxygen saturation at the several time points, baseline after entering operating room (T₁), anesthesia induction (T₂), LMA insertion (T₃), start of surgery (T₄), 10 minutes after surgery (T₅), surgery completion (T₆), transfer to PACU (T₇), and LMA removal (T₈);and analyzed the changes in respiratory parameters of the patient at T₃, T₄, T₅, T₆, and T₈ time points between both groups. We also observed the differences in success rate of LMA insertion and ventilation and PACU stay time as well as time to discharge home between two groups. Results: 118 cases were found suitable for the final analysis and divided into overweight group (n=57) and obese group (n=61). All patients in the two groups uneventfully completed the ophthalmic ambulatory surgery and discharged home under the laryngeal mask airway ventilation, none of patients in both group displayed LMA ventilation failure. The hemodynamics and oxygen saturation in both groups were stable during perioperative period(P > 0.05). The peak airway pressures in obese group were dramatically increased than in overweight group at T₃, T₄, T₅, T₆ and T8 time points (P < 0.05), and the incidences of adverse respiratory events in obese group were significant higher than in overweight group （P < 0.05）. The PACU stay time was comparable in both groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: LMA can be safely used for obese patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery, high BMI is related to high peak airway pressures.

目的：调查眼科万古霉素使用情况，并对超说明书用药进行评价，为临床提供参考。方法 ：采用回顾性分析法，选取郑州市第二人民医院2022年1月1日—2024年12月眼科使用万古霉素的159例住院患者为研究对象，对患者基本信息、万古霉素的使用情况、微生物送检情况及超说明书用药情况等进行评价分析。结果：159例患者中男性占比76.1%，主要分布在眼底病病区，致病因素主要为眼外伤（102/159，64.15%），其次为手术源性（36/159，22.64%）。给药途径主要为玻璃体腔注射，以治疗用药为主，多联合头孢他啶治疗眼内感染。病原菌送检率为75.47%，标本检出率为35.07%。其中革兰阳性菌33例，占80.49%，主要为表皮葡萄球菌；革兰阴性菌5例，占12.20%，有大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌等；真菌4例，占9.76%，主要为曲霉菌。超说明书用药包括玻璃体腔注射、眼内灌洗及超适应证用于眼内炎的预防。玻璃体腔注射超说明书用药推荐等级及证据强度高于眼内灌洗和超适应证。结论 ：万古霉素在眼科临床应用广泛，应严格掌握适应证和用法用量。对于超说明书用药，应在充分评估其合理性和安全性后谨慎使用。本研究对万古霉素的规范化使用及药品说明书修订和个体化治疗具有重要的临床价值和现实意义。

Objective: To investigate the use of vancomycin in ophthalmology department and evaluate its off-label drug use, thereby providing references for clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, selecting 159 inpatients who received vancomycin treatment in the Department of Ophthalmology of our hospital from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. The basic information of the patients, details of vancomycin, microbial testing results, and off-label drug use were evaluated and analyzed. Results: Among the 159 patients, male patients accounted for 76.1%, and there were mainly distributed in the fundus disease area. The primary pathogenic factor was ocular trauma (102/159,64.15%), followed by surgical causes (36/159,22.64%). The main route of vancomycin administration was intravitreal injection, primarily for therapeutic purposes. It was often combined with ceftazidime to treat intraocular infections. The submission rate of pathogenic bacteria was 75.47%, and the specimen detection rate was 35.07%. There were 33 cases of gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 80.49%, mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis; 5 cases of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 12.20%, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.; and 4 cases of fungi, accounting for 9.76%, mainly Aspergillus. Off-label drug use included intravitreal injections, intraocular lavage, and the use of drugs highly suitable for the preventing endophthalmitis. Endogenous infections were mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria. The evidence-based medicine support for vancomycin intravitreal injection in the treatment of endophthalmitis is strong. The recommended grade and evidence strength of off-label use of intravitreal injection are higher than those of intraocular lavage and off-label use. Conclusions: Vancomycin is widely used in ophthalmology, and its indications, usage, and dosage should be strictly controlled. Off-label drug use should be used with caution after a comprehensive evaluation of its rationality and safety. This study holds significant clinical value and practical significance for the standardized use of vancomycin, the revision of drug instructions, and individualized treatment.

目的：分析吉林大学白求恩第二医院2023—2024年眼科门诊处方用药情况，为提高医院眼科门诊的合理用药水平，优化处方前置审核规则提供依据，加强对药品合理使用的管控手段。方法：使用HYGEA合理用药平台，筛选2023年6月—2024年12月眼科门诊相关处方信息，包括药品使用排名和不合理处方条目，对不合理处方项目进行分类绘制帕累托图，并按照问题条目占比排序并分析主要因素、次要因素和一般因素。最终以设置给药途径为干预手段场景为例，评价合理用药平台对眼科门诊处方合格率的改善情况。 结果：按条件检索，共筛选眼科门诊55 623张处方，不合理处方条目37 760条，2023年度和2024年度发生率分别为43.32%和45.43%；绘制帕累托图结果显示，2023年影响处方合格率的主要因素为适应证规则，一般因素为给药途径、剂量限制、疗程限制和特殊人群；2024年影响处方合格率的主要因素为适应证规则，次要因素为重复用药，一般因素为给药途径、疗程限制、剂量限制、特殊人群、禁忌证和相互作用；通过干预给药途径设置规则后，不合格率从20.11%减少至2.53%，提高了处方合格率（P<0.001）。结论：合理用药平台可以通过设置规则，显著减少开具处方的错误，提高处方合格率。

Objective: To analyze prescription drug use in the ophthalmology clinic of the Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University from 2023-2024 ,promote rational drug use in the ophthalmology outpatient department  provide a basis for optimizing pre-prescription review rules, and strengthen rational drug use management. Methods: By utilizing the HYGEA rational drug use platform, we screened prescription data from the ophthalmology outpatient department spanning from June 2023 to December 2024. This data encompassed drug usage rankings and items related to irrational prescriptions. We categorized the irrational items and constructed a Pareto chart to rank and analyze the primary, secondary, and general contributing factors. Taking the intervention scenario of adjusting administration route settings as an example, we evaluated the platform's impact on enhancing prescription compliance rates. Results: A total of 55,623 ophthalmology outpatient prescriptions were screened, revealing 37,760 irrational prescriptions. This irrational prescription rates were 43.32% in 2023 and 45.43% in 2024. Pareto analysis revealed that in 2023, the main factor influencing prescription compliance was indication rules, while general factors included administration route, dosage limits, treatment duration limits, and special populations. In 2024, indication rules still constituted the primary factor, with duplicate prescriptions emerging as secondary factors. General factors encompassed administration route, treatment duration limits, dosage limits, special populations, contraindications, and drug interactions. After implementing intervention rules for administration routes, the unreasonable rate dropped from 20.11% to 2.53%. This significantly rectified erroneous administration routes and improved prescription compliance (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The rational drug use platform can significantly reduce prescription errors and enhance prescription compliance through rule-based interventions.

目的：探究可弯曲喉罩在经鼻内镜眼科日间手术中应用的安全性。方法：收集2023年1月—2024年1月在全身麻醉(全麻)下行经鼻内镜眼科日间手术成年患者资料，分析可弯曲喉罩使用的成功率，观察患者入室时、插管后、手术开始时、手术结束时的血流动力学变化情况；并记录喉罩置入后、手术开始5 min、手术开始30 min和手术结束时的呼吸参数及患者在麻醉恢复室（post-anesthesia care unit，PACU的停留期间的并发症。结果：共635例患者纳入分析，其中619例患者选用喉罩，607例患者喉罩置入成功，成功率98.1%，喉罩置入失败12例，均为诱导期间置入失败，占1.9%，无术中发生喉罩通气失败改气管插管病例。喉罩通气能满足经鼻内镜手术需求，表现为各时点通气量无显著变化及平稳的心率和平均动脉压。患者均顺利复苏，PACU停留时间为(34.6±11.2) min，喉罩拔除时间为(14.3±4.3) min，无二次气管内插管事件发生。结论：置入成功的可弯曲喉罩可安全应用在经鼻内镜眼科日间全麻手术中。

Objective: To investigate the safety of flexible laryngeal masks in the application of endoscopic ophthalmic ambulatory surgery. Methods: Data of adult patients undergoing endoscopic day ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia from January 2023 to January 2024 were collected; the changes in hemodynamics at T1 (entry into the operating room), T2 (after intubation), T3 (before surgery), and T6 (after surgery) time points and the respiratory parameters at T2 (after intubation), T4 (5 minutes after surgery), T5 (30 minutes after surgery), and T6 (after surgery) time points were analyzed; meanwhile, the complications during the PACU stay were also analyzed. Results: A total of 635 patients were included in the retrospective analysis, of whom 619 patients were initially used FLMA, FLMA were successfully inserted in 607 patients with a rate of 98.1% while 12 patients suffered insertion failure during the period of anesthesia induction. Importantly, none of patients displayed FLMA ventilation failure and required tracheal intubation during the period of surgery. General anesthesia via FLMA ventilation can provide high quality of surgical field for endoscopic ophthalmic surgery, as evidenced by stable heart rates and mean arterial pressure and no significant change in minute ventilation at each time points. All patients recovered uneventfully with a PACU stay time of 34.6±11.2 min and FLMA removal time of (14.3±4.3) min. None of patients exhibited subsequently endotracheal intubation after FLMA removal. Conclusion: FLMA with successful placement can be safely used for endoscopic ophthalmic ambulatory surgery under general anesthesia.

    人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)为解决中国患者“看病难”问题提供了可行方案。眼科AI已实现为患者提供筛查、远程诊断及治疗建议等方面的服务，能显著减轻医疗资源不足的压力和患者的经济负担。而AI的应用过程中，给医疗管理带来的挑战应引起重视。本文从医疗管理的角度，总结分析AI在眼科医疗过程中，尤其是交接环节中出现的主要问题，提出对策与建议，并讨论AI在眼科医疗的应用展望。

    Artificial intelligence (AI) has been proposed as a potential solution to address the shortage of ophthalmologists in China. With the increasingly extensive application of AI in the field of ophthalmology, many potential patients with eye diseases have access to a higher quality of medical services. At the same time, new challenges will emerge and proliferate with the advancement of AI application. This paper focuses on the patient handoffs process and discusses two challenges brought by the application of AI, namely “communication” and “standardization”. Natural language processing techniques and the development of standardized databases are proposed to solve each of these challenges. The application prospects of AI in ophthalmology are eventually discussed.

目的：调查神经眼科用药现状，并对其超说明书用药进行评价，探索科学有效的管理策略，为神经眼科的临床合理用药提供参考。方法：随机抽取2023年7—12月郑州市第二人民医院神经眼科处方，依据国家药品监督管理局核准的药品说明书、美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration, FDA)说明书及PubMed、Micromedex等循证医学数据库证据判断超说明书用药类型，并对其进行分类(包括超适应证、超剂量、超疗程、超给药途径等)。同时基于Thomson分级理论建立三级评价标准，分别为A级(高证据等级，仅需口头告知)，B级(中证据等级，需在病历或病程中详细记录)，C级(低证据等级，须患者签署书面知情同意书)。通过处方前置审核系统干预，对未纳入评价标准的超说明书用药进行实时拦截与分级警示，比较2023年下半年(干预前)与2024年下半年(干预后)超说明书用药处方的不合理率变化。 结果：干预前共抽取超说明书处方370张，超说明书类型主要为超适应证、超给药途径和超剂量及次。干预后，共抽取超说明书用药560张，超说明书用药不合理率从9.2%(34/370)降至2.9%(16/560)。结论：神经眼科超说明书用药普遍，主要源于视神经炎、缺血性视神经病变等复杂疾病的治疗需求与药品审批滞后之间的矛盾。基于循证医学证据构建分级管理体系，结合信息化实时干预，可有效规范超说明书用药行为，降低医疗风险。

Objective: To investigate the current status of medication use in neuro-ophthalmology, evaluate off-label drug use, and explore scientific and effective management strategies, providing references for rational drug use in neuro-ophthalmology clinical practice. Methods: We Randomly selected neuro-ophthalmology prescriptions from July to December 2023 in our hospital. By refering to the drug instructions approved by the National Medical Products Administration, FDA instructions, and evidence from evidence-based medical databases such as PubMed and Micromedex, we identified and classified the types of off-label drug use, including off-label indications, off-label doses, off-label courses, off-label administration routes, among others. Simultaneously, based on the Thomson classification theory, we established a threelevel evaluation standard: Level A (high evidence level, requiring only oral notification); Level B (medium evidence level, necessitating detailed records in the medical record or medical course); Level C (low evidence level, demanding patients sign a written informed consent form). Through the intervention of pre-prescription review system, we carried out real-time interception and classification warnings for off-label drug use not covered in the evaluation standards. We then compared the changes in the unreasonable rate of off-label drug use prescriptions from the second half of 2023 (before intervention) to the second half of 2024 (after intervention). Results: Before the intervention, a total of 1852 prescriptions were selected, with the proportion of off-label drug use at 19.98% (370 prescriptions), primarily involving off-label indications (90.27%). After the intervention, the unreasonable rate of off-label drug use decreased from 9.2% (34/370) to 2.9% (16/560). Conclusions: Off-label drug use is prevalent in neuro-ophthalmology, mainly due to the conflict between the treatment requirements for complex diseases such as optic neuritis and ischemic optic neuropathy and the delay in drug approval. By constructing a hierarchical management system based on evidence-based medical evidence and combing it with real-time information-based intervention, we can effectively regulate off-label drug use behavior and reduce medical risks.

目的：探讨提高眼科喉罩全身麻醉患儿在麻醉恢复室(post-anesthesia care unit, PACU)复苏质量与效率的整体护理策略。方法：选取2020年1月—2023年12月在中山大学中山眼科中心行眼科全身麻醉并保留喉罩进入PACU复苏的24 180例患儿，总结患儿在PACU复苏的护理措施及复苏质量。结果：所有患儿经复苏期综合护理后均顺利拔除喉罩完成麻醉复苏，未发生苏醒期二次插管或非计划转院治疗。采取个性化的整体护理策略后，喉罩全身麻醉患儿PACU平均复苏时间明显缩短。部分术后常见并发症(术后躁动，低氧血症和呼吸道梗阻)和护理不良事件(留置针脱落和眼包脱落)发生率逐年降低，经治疗和护理后均获得改善。结论：针对眼科全身麻醉的患儿特点，在麻醉复苏期采取个性化的整体护理策略，有利于顺利完成麻醉复苏，降低麻醉并发症和护理不良事件的发生率，提高复苏质量效率，满足眼科日间手术快速康复的需求。

Objective: To explore holistic nursing strategies to improve the quality and efficiency of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) resuscitation in childrenpatients undergoing ophthalmic laryngeal mask anesthesia. Methods: A total of 24,180 children patients who underwent general anesthesia and retained laryngeal mask airway for PACU resuscitation at Sun Yat-sen Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat sen University from January 2020 to December 2023 was reviewed and summarized the nursing measures and resuscitation quality of children patients undergoing PACU resuscitation. Results: All patients underwent comprehensive care during the recovery period and successfully removed the laryngeal mask to complete anesthesia recovery. There were no cases of secondary intubation or unplanned transfer for treatment during the recovery period. After adopting personalized holistic nursing strategies, the average recovery time of PACU in children under laryngeal mask anesthesia was significantly shortened.The incidence of common postoperative complications(postoperative agitation, hypoxemia and respiratory obstruction)and adverse nursing events (indwelling needle falls off, eye bandage fall off)had been decreasing year by year. These complications had been improved after treatment and care. Conclusions: Based on the characteristics of children patients undergoing general anesthesia in ophthalmology, adopting personalized holistic nursing strategies during the anesthesia recovery period is beneficial for successfully completing anesthesia recovery, reducing the incidence of anesthesia complications and adverse nursing events, improving the quality and efficiency of recovery, and meeting the needs of rapid recovery in ophthalmic day surgery.

目的：调查眼科学硕士研究生批判性思维能力的现况，并了解其相关因素。方法：采用中文版评判性思维能力测量表(Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version, CTDI-CV)对81名眼科学硕士研究生进行问卷调查，比较不同性别、年级、学位类别、学制的学生批判性思维能力的差异。结果：81名眼科学硕士研究生的CTDI-CV总分为(294.79±29.18)分，表明普遍具备积极的批判性思维能力，但“寻找真相”和“系统化能力”得分较低；不同年级与学位类型的眼科学硕士研究生的批判性思维能力等级分布存在差异。多因素线性回归显示，学位类型与眼科学硕士研究生的批判性思维能力相关。结论：眼科学硕士研究生普遍展现出正性的批判性思维特质，但在特定领域，其批判性思维能力仍有待提高，研究生教育应当采取针对性措施，培养研究生的批判性思维能力。

Objective: To investigate the current situation of critical thinking abilities of masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology and identify the factors affecting the critical thinking abilities. Methods: Using the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV), a questionnaire survey was conducted among 81 masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology. Results: The average total score of the CTDI-CV for the 81 master’s degree postgraduates in ophthalmology was 294.79±29.18, indicating a general possession of positive critical thinking abilities, yet scores in “Truth Seeking” and “Systematicity” were relatively low. There are differences in critical thinking abilities among master’s degree postgraduates in ophthalmology of various grades and degree categories. Multivariate linear regression indicates that degree categories is correlated with the critical thinking abilities of ophthalmology graduate students. Conclusions: The masters’ degree postgraduates in ophthalmology generally exhibit positive traits of critical thinking, yet there is room for improvement in specific areas. Postgraduate education should adopt targeted measures to cultivate the critical thinking abilities of postgraduates.