Vitreous amyloidosis is a rare condition that mainly occurs in Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy (FAP). In some cases, it may be the only symptom without systemic disorders. One case of familial vitreous amyloidosis was reported here, with white, wispy opacities in vitreous cavity in both eyes. Pars plana vitrectomy and histopathological examination of the vitreous specimens were performed. The vitreous specimens showed typical microscopic features of amyloidosis with Congo red stain and non-branching fibrils on a transmission electron microscope. Transthyretin (TTR) gene was amplified with DNA isolated from the peripheral blood cells. Bi-directional sequencing of exon 3 showed a single base-pair substitution, which results in an amino acid substitution at position83, glycine to arginine (TTR Arg-83) . TTR Arg-83 may be a new pathologic mutation in vitreous amyloidosis.
Purpose: To observe the effect of TGF-β1 applied topically to the alkali-injured rabbit eye on corneal epithelial wound healing and expression of integrin β1 and its therapeutic action on corneal alkali burns.
Methods: Alkali burn was produced in 60 corneas from 30 rabbits. Two groups were randomly divided. One group was treated with TGF-β1 solution (200 ng /ml) topically 3 times one day within the first 7 days, the other group was treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. The injured eyes were photographed after the fluorescence staining with a digital camera and the pictures were analyzed with computer-aided picture analysis system to calculate the rate of corneal epithelial healing. The expression of integrin β1 was investigated in the point 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d after the injury by means of immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: On the 4th, 10th, 11st, 12nd and 14th days after the burning, the rate of corneal epithelial healing of TGF-β1 groups was markedly higher than that of the PBS group (P < 0.05) . The expression of integrin β1 in the cornea epithelial cells gradually increased during the wound healing. On the 7th and 14th days after the burning, the expression of integrin β1 in the cornea epithelial cells of TGF-β1 group was remarkably higher than that of the PBS group(P < 0.05) .Conclusions: TGF-β1 could up-regulate integrin β1 in vivo corneal alkali burn model, which could stimulate the cornea epithelial cells to migrate and adhere to the cornea stroma, that can reduce the cases of the epithelial cells_detachment from the cornea stroma and sustain the corneal reepithelization.
Purpose: To evaluate repeatability of the ETDRS log MAR visual acuity measurementin children and the relative influence factors.Methods: The children (n = 348) with visual acuity less than 0.5 ( equal to 0.3 logunit) in either eye,or one tenth in children with normal visual acuity were chosen todo repeatable uncorrected VA measurement with Bland-Altman analysis and Kappa analysis using ETDRS acuity chart.Results: The mean difference of visual acuity was 0.004log±0.07. There was a significant repeatability (k = 0.71) between two visual acuity examination. There were significant consistent results both on male and female patients (P = 0.845) . A significant relationship was found between age and VA repeatability(P = 0.019) . The VA repeatability could also be influenced by refractive error (P = 0.000) . The acuity measurement in children with emmetropia (k = 0.82) had a higher repeatability than in the children with myopia (k = 0.66) .Conclusions: The ETDRS visual acuity chart can provide a repeatable measure of visual acuity in children. It is recommended for clinic examination of children.
Glaucoma is a disease caused by abnormally high intraocular pressure (IOP) and is one of the leading causes of vision loss worldwide. Glaucoma is characterized by pathologically elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and dramatic fluctuations, which compresses the optic nerve and retinal nerve fibers. As the disease progresses, it leads to atrophy of the optic nerve and damage to the nerve fibers, and ultimately causes irreversible loss of vision and visual field defects, and is the world's leading irreversible blinding eye disease, whose pathogenesis is related to age, heredity, and ethnicity, among other factors, and which is yet to be completely clarified. Glaucoma not only causes poor quality of life for the patients themselves, but also creates a great economic and health burden for their families. Timely and effective diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is crucial, and to achieve this goal, accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is especially critical. Measurement of IOP, an important indicator for assessing glaucoma risk and tracking changes in the condition, relies on tonometers. Since the 19th century, more than 80 different types of tonometers have been introduced, and to date a wide range of tonometers are used in clinical practice, with each of the different measuring devices having its own advantages and characteristics. This article summarizes the characteristics of the commonly used tonometers in clinical practice, analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages, and analyzes the advantages and problems of the dynamic intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring devices that have not yet been applied to clinical practice in China, with the aim of enabling clinicians to choose the appropriate IOP measurement devices for different situations.
Objective: To identify aqueous humor metabolic profiles associated with the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), aiming to discover potential biomarkers for DR progression. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) will be utilized in conjunction with machine learning (ML) for comprehensive analysis. Methods: A total of 78 patients with T2DM and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. UHPLC-HRMS was used to identify metabolites in the aqueous humor of all participants. ML was employed to screen for metabolites associated with T2DM and DR progression, and predictive models were established. Results: After adjusting for covariates, 1,5-anhydroglucitol, tetradecyl sulfate, and n,n,n-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid identified as significant indicators for T2DM compared to controls (all P<0.05). N-acetyltryptophan, linoleamide, oleamide, palmitic amide, valeri
Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) is an indispensable examination for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular fundus diseases. Although FFA has been carried out for half a century, clinicians still have many concerns and problems in the standardization, scientificity, safety and result homogeneity of FFA practice, and there is a lack of relevant guidelines and consensus for reference. The experts of the Ophthalmic Imaging Group of the Ocular Microcirculation Division of the Chinese Society of Microcirculation reached a consensus on the standardized practice of FFA, providing suggestions and guidance for FFA operators about the clinical conditions and configurations, indications and contraindications, pre-examination preparation, examination procedures, adverse reactions and treatment, patient notification, and angiography reports, in order to obtain good fundus images, reduce adverse reactions, and improve the quality and efficiency of FFA examinations in clinical practice.
Graves' disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease of the thyroid, also known as diffuse toxic goiter. It is due to the excessive synthesis and secretion of thyroxine that leads to hypermetabolic symptoms and abnormalities of multiple system diseases (such as tremor, heat sensitivity and fever, weight loss, anxiety and irritability, goiter, menstrual cycle changes, erectile dysfunction or loss of libido, fatigue, frequent defecation, palpitations, etc.). In addition, the clinical manifestations of diffuse goiter, Graves orbitopathy (GO), and cutaneous myxopathy were characteristic .Among them, the incidence of GO is about 30%, and the main symptoms in addition to bulging eyes, also include double vision, conjunctival congestion and edema, and even blindness. The pathogenesis of Graves eye disease is related to a variety of factors and its pathogenesis is complex. Glucocorticoids are the main treatment for Graves eye disease, but there are no significant effective drugs in clinic. This article will review the research progress on pathogenesis and treatment of Graves eye disease, and provide directions for clinical treatment and research.
Purpose: To investigate effect of bFGF, EGF and NGF on growth of cultured humancorneal endothelial cells.
Methods: Cultured human corneal endothelial cells were seeded into individual wellsof 96-well tissue culture plate with the same culture media containing separately bFCF, EGF or NGF with a serial of concentrations of 0 ng/ml、1 ng/ml 、3 ng/ml、10 ng/ml 、30 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml and then cultured for 5 days. Then MTT method wasused to detect the growth of the cells.
Results: The averaged OD values of the cell wells containing bFCF with a serial of concentrations of 0 ng/ml、1 ng/ml、3 ng/ml、10 ng/ml、30 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml were 0.224±0.045, 0.239±0.040, 0.262±0.0342, 0.278±0.0319, 0.281±0.0324, 0.260±0.0310. The averaged OD values of EGF group and NGF group were separately 0.228±0.0304，0.245±0.0418, 0.267±0.0454, 0.275±0.0347, 0.271±0.0449, 0.250±0.0253 and 0.216±0.0187, 0.228±0.0226, 0.231±0.0225, 0.242±0.0279, 0.245±0.0294，0.247±0.0349.
Conclusion: bGFC can promote the growth of human corneal endothelial cells in adose dependent manner while with concentration lower than 30 ng/ml. bFGF withconcentration that is higher than 100ng/ml will weaken this effect. EGF can alsopromote proliferation of human corneal endothelial cells demonstrating a linear dosedependent effect when its concentration is lower than 10 ng/ml and this effect decreasedwhen its concentration was higher than 30 ng/ml, NGF showed no effect on the growthof human cornea endothelial cells in this study.
Purpose: Analyze the components of dacryoliths, and discuss the importance of composition analysis in the diagnosis and etiology of dacryoliths. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the 9 dacryoliths samples collected by meibomian gland massage and canaliculotomyfrom patients in Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 12, 2022 to August 16, 2024. The chemical composition of the collected samples was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to investigate the composition of different stones. Results: Among the 9 samples, there were 4 calcium-containing ones and 5 samples of pure protein. 4 samples were mixed ingredients, including Calcium Oxalate + Uric Acid(UA) for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + Dahllite for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + protein for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + Dahllite + calcium bicarbonate for 1 sample. Conclusions: Dacryoliths have different components and can be composed of single or mixed, organic or inorganic components.
Purpose: Analyze the components of dacryoliths, and discuss the importance of composition analysis in the diagnosis and etiology of dacryoliths. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the 9 dacryoliths samples collected by meibomian gland massage and canaliculotomyfrom patients in Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 12, 2022 to August 16, 2024. The chemical composition of the collected samples was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to investigate the composition of different stones. Results: Among the 9 samples, there were 4 calcium-containing ones and 5 samples of pure protein. 4 samples were mixed ingredients, including Calcium Oxalate + Uric Acid(UA) for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + Dahllite for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + protein for 1 sample, Calcium Oxalate + Dahllite + calcium bicarbonate for 1 sample. Conclusions: Dacryoliths have different components and can be composed of single or mixed, organic or inorganic components.
