Tuberous sclerosis complex is a multisystemic disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis are common for patients with single manifestation in the early stage. There are few documented neonatal cases with ocular symptoms as primary presentation. Here we report a newborn boy presented with retinal hamartoma, retinal achromic patch, fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma and subependymal nodules.Subsequent genetic tests confirm a diagnosis of TSC.
Porcine eyes have been used as animal model in ophthalmic surgery training. However, it differs greatly from real surgery and cannot meet the needs of external eye surgery teaching. Porcine orbit model with eyeball, extraocular muscles, orbital tissue, bones and eyelids can be more realistic simulation of real surgeries and cover more needs for ophthalmic surgery teaching. By setting up ophthalmic surgery teaching platforms, designing staged course and creating new assessment methods based on porcine orbit model, the traditional concept about separation of internal and external eye is changed. This helps young doctors to establish a holistic view from the very beginning,that ophthalmic surgeries should not be split because of subspeciality. In this way, ophthalmic surgery training will become more standardized and perfected.
With the increasing requirements for medical imaging technologies in clinical diagnosis, treatment and pathological basis research of ophthalmic diseases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been broadly used in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of ophthalmic diseases. As a novel analytic method of MR images, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) quantitatively analyzes the changes in brain gray, white matter density and volume in each individual voxel in MR images to reflect the differences of anatomical structures in the corresponding areas, and it provides a novel way to reveal the neuronal pathological changes in ophthalmic diseases.
Pathological myopia emphasizes the existence of fundus complications. Posterior staphyloma, considered as a hallmark of pathological myopia, is a partial extension of the posterior scleral wall, which is believed to be related to the scleral thinning and choroidal atrophy. In recent years, studies have indicated that the formation of posterior staphyloma may closely connected with localized inflammation and defects of Bruch’s membrane.With the rapid innovation of examination technologies such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the exploration of treatment for posterior staphyloma. The diagnosis and therapy will be more comprehensive in the future.
Retinal microcirculation shares similar features with cerebral small blood vessels. Thus, the retina may be considered as an accessible ‘window’ to detect the microvascular damage occurred during the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging modality providing in-depth and high-resolved images of blood flow in the retina, choroid,and optic nerve. In this review, we summarize the current advances in the application of OCT-A in neurological diseases associated with ophthalmology such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and optic nerve degenerative diseases. Future directions for evaluating whether OCTA can be used as an important tool to early diagnose and monitor the neurodegenerative disorders are also discussed.
Objective: To investigate the health education needs of parents of children with eye diseases before operation, and to provide basis for more targeted and high-quality health education for primary nurses. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the health education needs of parents of children with ophthalmopathy before surgery from April 2020 to June 2020, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: The top three of parents’ needs for preoperative health education of children with eye diseases were the effect and significance of the surgery and the related professional health knowledge of eye diseases. The differences of medical payment methods, children’s age, diseases, parents’ age, and occupational status was significant in the scores of preoperative health education needs (P<0.05). The main ways of parents obtaining health education knowledge were network platforms such as medical staff explanation and official accounts. Conclusion: The parents of children with eye diseases have a high demand for preoperative health education. Medical workers should enrich their knowledge, strengthen specialty learning and related knowledge training, organically combine professional knowledge with health education, and explore the methods of effective online health education to serve patients better.
Objective: To analyze the status of medical emergencies of patients in ophthalmic hospitals and put forward suggestions on their prevention and control measures. Methods: The medical emergencies of 82 patients in ophthalmic hospitals in 2017 and 2018 was been analyzed retrospectively, and the characteristics and treatment of emergencies as well as the metastasis and progression of the disease in patients were analyzed specifically.Results: Medical emergencies were caused by druginduced adverse reaction (n=38, 46.3%), syncope (28.0%), cardiovascular emergency (8.3%), accidents (6.1%) in sequence. Fluorescein sodium (n=16, 42.1%) and local anesthesia drugs for nerve block (n=7, 18.4%) were the most common drugs related to drug adverse reaction. Most cases happened at 8:00—18:00 (n=74, 91.3%), and drug adverse reaction and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular emergencies were most common at 18:00—8:00. Medical emergencies happened in outpatient department (n=53,64.6%), wards (22.0%) and operation rooms (11.0%). There were mild emergencies (92.7%), moderate emergencies (4.9%) and severe emergencies (2.4%) in patients. Among them, 50% of patients need first aid by doctors from general hospitals or to be transferred to the general hospital for further treatment. Conclusion: Through optimizing process, shortening the hospital stay, identifying potential risks and enhancing medical workers’ awareness of safety, the risk of medical emergencies can be reduced. We should give full play to the professional advantages of anesthesiologists,improve the emergency handling capacity of the hospital, and contract the emergency services of designated general hospitals to provide rapid, accurate and efficient rescue for patients to ensure the life safety of patients.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the consistency of objective optometry results between VX120 multi-diagnostic unit and TopconKR800 automatic optometer. Methods: A total of 24 patients (24 right eyes) admitted to our hospital from November 2019 to December 2019 for corneal refractive surgery were collected. Optometry was performed on 24 patients with TopconKR800 automatic optometer and VX120 multi-diagnostic unit, and got the results following: spherical mirror photometry (S), cylindrical lens luminosity (C), mean spherical equivalent (M), horizontal and vertical cylindrical lens luminosity ( J0) and 45° cylindrical lens luminosity ( J45). Compared T-test analysis was used to compare the parameters of the two devices, and the Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement were performed. Results: The S measured by the VX120 multi-diagnostic unit with bright mode was (-3.90±3.06) D; M was (-4.41±3.24) D; J0 was (0.34±0.58) D;J45 was (-0.04±0.26) D. The S measured by TopconKR800 automatic optometer was (-3.77±2.88) D; M was (-4.15±3.07) D; J0 was (0.25±0.47) D; J45 was (-0.01±0.18) D. There was no statistically significant difference in S, M, and J45 measured by VX120 multi-diagnostic unit and TopconKR800 automatic optometer in bright mode, while there was statistically significant difference in J0 between VX120 multi-diagnostic unit and TopconKR800 automatic optometer (t=-2.24, P=0.04). Bland-Altman 95% consistency analysis showed that the data points of the two instruments were mostly distributed within the 95% confidence interval, indicating that the parameters measured by these two devices were in accord with each other. Conclusion: The objective optometry results of VX120 multi-diagnostic unit and TopconKR800 automatic optometer were consistent and can be substituted for each other in the refraction examination.
